Dictionaries Chapter 7 Pertaining to small balls of capillaries in the kidney

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Chapter 7

122 Chapter 7 ฀■ MULTIPLE CHOICE QUIZ

Chapter Seven

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUIZ

Name: ______________________________

In the box write the letter of the choice that is the definition of the term or best answers the

question. There is only one correct answer for each question.

1. Portion of the urinary

bladder: ……………………………………….

A. Hilum

B. Pylorus

C. Fundus

D. Medulla

E. Trigone

2. Glomerular: ………………………………….

A. Pertaining to a tube leading from the

kidney to the bladder

B. Pertaining to small balls of capillaries in

the kidney

C. Pertaining to a tube in the bladder

D. Pertaining to a collecting chamber in the

kidney

E. Pertaining to the urinary bladder

3. Meatal stenosis: …………………………….

A. Enlargement of an opening

B. Stoppage of blood flow to the kidney

C. Incision of an opening

D. Widening of the bladder orifice

E. Narrowing of the urethral opening to the

outside of the body

4. Electrolyte: …………………………………..

A. Bilirubin

B. Creatinine

C. Albumin

D. Sodium

E. Glucose

5. Nitrogenous waste: ………………………..

A. Creatinine

B. Fatty acid

C. Lipid

D. Carbon dioxide

E. Sugar

6. Renal pelvis: …………………………………

A. nephr/o

B. cyst/o

C. ren/o

D. py/o

E. pyel/o

7. A term that means no urine

production is: ……………………………….

A. Diuresis

B. Anuria

C. Voiding

D. Micturition

E. Nocturia

8. Surrounding the urinary bladder: ……..

A. Suprarenal

B. Infrarenal

C. Perivisceral

D. Perivesical

E. Perinephric

9. Uremia: ……………………………………….

A. Azotemia

B. Hematuria

C. Dysuria

D. Cystitis

E. Hemorrhage

10. X-ray of the urinary tract: ……………….

A. Renal ultrasonography

B. KUB

C. BUN

D. Cystoscopy

E. Renal dialysis

11. Oliguria: ………………………………………

A. Nocturia

B. Polyuria

C. Scanty urination

D. Bacteriuria

E. Pus in the urine

12. Diabetes insipidus is characterized

by all of the following EXCEPT: ……….

A. Polydipsia

B. Glycosuria

C. Polyuria

D. Pituitary gland malfunction

E. Insufficient ADH

Chapter 7 ฀■ MULTIPLE CHOICE QUIZ 123

13. Hernia of the tube connecting the

kidney and urinary bladder: ……………..

A. Herniorrhaphy

B. Urethrocele

C. Ureterocele

D. Urethroileostomy

E. Urethrostomy

14. Artificial kidney machine: ……………….

A. Renal biopsy

B. CAPD

C. Lithotripsy

D. Hemodialysis

E. Renal transplantation

15. Nephrolithotomy: ………………………….

A. Hardening of a stone

B. Removal of the urinary bladder and

kidney stones

C. Removal of the kidney and stones

D. Bladder calculi

E. Incision to remove a renal calculus

16. Protein in the urine: ………………………

A. Ketonuria

B. Acetonuria

C. Hyperbilirubinemia

D. Bilirubinuria

E. Albuminuria

17. Renal abscess may lead to: ………………

A. Diabetes mellitus

B. Pyuria

C. Nephroptosis

D. Ascites

E. Diabetes insipidus

18. Alkaline: ………………………………………

A. Acidic

B. pH

C. Basic

D. Acetone

E. Water

19. A group of symptoms marked

by edema, proteinuria, and

hypoalbuminemia: …………………………

A. Renal ischemia

B. Essential hypertension

C. Polycystic kidney

D. Nephrotic syndrome

E. Diabetes mellitus

20. High levels of ketones in the blood

can lead to: …………………………………..

A. High pH of urine

B. Acidosis

C. Excessive elimination of fats

D. Diabetes insipidus

E. Low specific gravity

21. Childhood renal carcinoma: …………….

A. Hypernephroma

B. Polycystic kidney

C. Glomerulonephritis

D. Wilms tumor

E. Phenylketonuria

22. Urine is held in the bladder: …………….

A. Urinary incontinence

B. Pyuria

C. Polyuria

D. Nocturia

E. Urinary retention

23. Test that measures the amount of

urea in the blood: ………………………….

A. CT scan

B. RP

C. BUN

D. VCU

E. Creatinine clearance test

24. Nephrosclerosis: ……………………………

A. Hardening of blood vessels in the kidney

B. Loss of protein in the urine

C. A test of kidney function

D. Prolapse of the kidney

E. Excess fluid in the kidney

25. Lithotripsy: ………………………………….

A. Renal transplant

B. Shock waves crush urinary tract stones

C. Radioscopic study

D. Panendoscopy

E. Foley catheterization

124 Chapter 7 ฀■ VOCABULARY QUIZ

Chapter Seven

VOCABULARY QUIZ

Name: ______________________________

(textbook pages 221–222)

A. Match each vocabulary term listed with its meaning below:

arteriole cortex erythropoietin glomerulus

calyx creatinine filtration hilum

catheter electrolyte glomerular (Bowman) capsule kidney

1. Cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis ___________________________________________

2. Nitrogenous waste excreted in urine __________________________________________________

3. Depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave ______________________

4. Small artery ______________________________________________________________________

5. Process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter _________________________

6. Outer region of an organ ____________________________________________________________

7. Chemical element that carries an electrical charge _______________________________________

8. Tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney ___________________________________________________

9. Hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells by bone

marrow __________________________________________________________________________

10. One of two bean-shaped organs on either side of the backbone

in the lumbar region _______________________________________________________________

11. Tube for injecting or removing fluids __________________________________________________

12. Enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus _______________________________________

B. Match each vocabulary term listed with its meaning below:

+ nitrogenous waste renal pelvis trigone

meatus reabsorption renal tubules

nephron renal artery renal vein

1. Substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine _____________________________________

2. Blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney ____________________________________________

3. Triangular area in the urinary bladder _________________________________________________

4. Potassium; an electrolyte regulated by the kidney; essential

for muscle and nerve function _______________________________________________________

5. Combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where urine is formed _________________________

6. Opening or canal __________________________________________________________________

Chapter 7 ฀■ VOCABULARY QUIZ 125

7. Process whereby renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the

blood vessel ______________________________________________________________________

8. Blood vessels that carries blood away from the kidney ____________________________________

9. Microscopic tubes in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration _______________________

10. Central collecting region in the kidney ________________________________________________

C. Match each vocabulary term listed with its meaning below:

calciferol renin urethra

medulla urea and uric acid urinary bladder

Na+ ureters urination (voiding)

1. Hormone secreted by the kidney; raises blood pressure ___________________________________

2. Active form of Vitamin D; secreted by the kidney ________________________________________

3. Nitrogenous wastes excreted in urine _________________________________________________

4. Hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine ________________________________________

5. Process of expelling urine ___________________________________________________________

6. Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body ___________________________

7. Tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder ____________________________________

8. Sodium; an electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys ______________________

9. Inner region of an organ ____________________________________________________________

126 Chapter 7 ฀■ TERMINOLOGY QUIZ

Chapter Seven

TERMINOLOGY: STRUCTURES,

SUBSTANCES, AND URINARY

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS QUIZ

Name: ______________________________

(textbook pages 223–227)

A. Match the following terms with their meanings below:

caliectasis cystitis meatal stenosis paranephric

caliceal cystostomy nephropathy

cystectomy glomerular capsule nephroptosis

1. New opening of the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

2. Prolapse (dropping) of a kidney

3. Pertaining to a calyx

4. Narrowing of the opening of the urethra to the outside of the body

5. Widening, dilation of a calyx

6. Enclosing and collecting structure surrounding each glomerulus

7. Disease of a kidney

8. Removal of the urinary bladder

9. Pertaining to near the kidney

10. Inflammation of the urinary bladder

B. Compose medical terms from the meaning given below:

1. new opening of the kidney to the outside of the body

2. incision to remove a stone from the kidney

3. abnormal condition of water (fluid) in the kidney

4. incision to remove a stone from the renal pelvis

5. inflammation of the trigone

6. surgical repair of a ureter

7. new opening between the ureters and a segment of the ileum

8. inflammation of the urethra

9. surgical repair of the urethra

10. pertaining to within the urinary bladder

Chapter 7 ฀■ TERMINOLOGY QUIZ 127

C. Match the following terms with their meanings below:

albuminuria ketonuria nocturia renal ischemia

azotemia ketosis (ketoacidosis) polydipsia urethral stricture

bacteriuria nephrolithiasis renal colic vesicoureteral reflux

1. Condition of excess nitrogen in the blood ______________________________________________

2. Spasms of pain from stones in the kidney ______________________________________________

3. Condition of ketones in the blood and tissues ___________________________________________

4. Frequent, excessive urination at night _________________________________________________

5. Condition of much thirst ___________________________________________________________

6. Returning (backing up) of fluid from the urinary bladder to the ureters ______________________

7. Protein present in the urine _________________________________________________________

8. Holding back blood from the kidney __________________________________________________

9. Microorganisms in the urine ________________________________________________________

10. Ketones in the urine _______________________________________________________________

11. Abnormal narrowing of the urethra ___________________________________________________

12. Abnormal condition of kidney stones __________________________________________________

D. Compose medical terms from the meanings given below:

1. high potassium in the blood ________ 6. pus in the urine __________________________

2. low sodium in the blood ___________ 7. sugar in the urine _________________________

3. scanty urination _________________ 8. blood in the urine _________________________

4. difficult, painful urination _________ 9. crushing of stones ________________________

5. excessive urination _______________ 10. no production of urine _____________________

E. Match the following medical terms with their meanings below:

antidiuretic hormone enuresis urinary incontinence

diuresis erythropoietin urinary retention

1. Loss of control of the passage of urine from the bladder ___________________________________

2. Increased excretion of urine _________________________________________________________

3. Bedwetting _______________________________________________________________________

4. Hormone produced by the kidney to increase formation of red blood cells ____________________

5. Hormone that promotes the kidney to reabsorb water ____________________________________

6. Urine is held within the bladder and not released ________________________________________

128 Chapter 7 ฀■ PATHOLOGY QUIZ

Chapter Seven

PATHOLOGY QUIZ

Name: ______________________________

(textbook pages 229–231)

A. Match the following abnormal conditions with their descriptions below:

glomerulonephritis nephrotic syndrome

interstitial nephritis polycystic kidney disease

nephrolithiasis pyelonephritis

1. inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma ________________________

2. kidney stones (renal calculi) _________________________________________________________

3. inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules ____________________

4. multiple fluid-filled sacs within and on the kidney _______________________________________

5. inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney ________________________________________

6. group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein

loss in urine ______________________________________________________________________

B. From the following descriptions, name the pathologic condition:

1. high blood pressure that results from kidney disease _____________________________________

2. cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood ____________________________________________

3. malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood ___________________________________

4. malignant tumor of the sac that holds urine ____________________________________________

5. high blood pressure of unknown cause ________________________________________________

6. kidneys decrease excretion of wastes due to impaired filtration function _____________________

7. insulin is not secreted adequately or not used properly in the body __________________________

8. antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequately or the kidney is

resistant to its effect ________________________________________________________________

Chapter 7 ฀■ LABORATORY TESTS AND CLINICAL PROCEDURES QUIZ 129

Chapter Seven

LABORATORY TESTS AND CLINICAL

PROCEDURES QUIZ

Name: ______________________________

(textbook pages 232–236)

A. Match the following with their meanings below:

creatinine clearance test MRI urography ultrasonography

CT urography renal angiography VCUG

cystoscopy renal scan

KUB RP

1. X-ray examination (with contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder _______________________

2. X-ray imaging of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a catheter into

the urethra _______________________________________________________________________

3. X-ray images show multiple cross-sectional and other views of the urinary tract _______________

4. Changing magnetic field produces images of the kidney and surrounding structures in three

planes of the body _________________________________________________________________

5. Measurement of the rate at which a nitrogenous waste is cleared from the blood by

the kidney _______________________________________________________________________

6. X-ray record (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while the

patient is voiding __________________________________________________________________

7. Image of the kidney after injecting a radioactive substance into the bloodstream ______________

8. Direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope ____________________

9. Imaging urinary tract structures using high-frequency sound waves ________________________

10. X-ray examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels of the kidney _________________________

B. Give the names of the procedures described below:

1. Urinary tract stones are crushed ______________________________________________________

2. Separating nitrogenous wastes from the blood using an artifical kidney machine ______________

3. Separating nitrogenous wastes from the blood using a catheter to introduce fluid into the

abdominal cavity __________________________________________________________________

4. Passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder __________

5. Dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries _____________________________________________

6. Surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient __________________________________

7. Removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination ____________________________________

130 Chapter 7 ฀■ ABBREVIATIONS QUIZ

Chapter Seven

ABBREVIATIONS QUIZ

Name: ______________________________

(textbook page 237)

A. On the line provided, give meanings for the following abbreviations, then write each abbreviation

next to its explanation below:

1. ADH ____________________________________________________________________________

2. AKI _____________________________________________________________________________

3. BUN ____________________________________________________________________________

4. CAPD ___________________________________________________________________________

5. CrCl ____________________________________________________________________________

6. CRF ____________________________________________________________________________

7. C&S _____________________________________________________________________________

8. Cysto ___________________________________________________________________________

9. GFR ____________________________________________________________________________

10. HD _____________________________________________________________________________

11. K+ ______________________________________________________________________________

a. __________ Direct visualization of

the urethra and urinary bladder with an

endoscope

b. __________ Determines antibiotic

effectiveness against bacteria

c. __________ Use of an artificial kidney

machine to eliminate nitrogenous wastes

from blood

d. __________ Progressive loss of kidney

function

e. __________ Blood test of nitrogenous

waste

f. __________ An electrolyte excreted by

the kidney

g. __________ Severe damage to the kidney

h. __________ Method of dialysis by

continuously inserting fluid in and out of

the peritoneal cavity

i. __________ Hormone secreted by the

pituitary gland and acting on the kidney

to retain water

j. __________ Rate at which the glomerulus

filters fluid from the body

k. __________ Rate at which creatinine is

cleared from the blood by the kidney

Chapter 7 ฀■ ABBREVIATIONS QUIZ 131

a. __________ Examination of urine to

determine its contents

b. __________ An electrolyte necessary for

proper functioning of muscles and nerves

c. __________ Use of ultrasonic waves to

crush stones in the urinary tract

d. __________ Cysts form in and on the

kidneys

e. __________ X-ray of the kidneys, ureters

and bladder without contrast

f. __________ X-ray images are taken

of the urethra and urinary bladder after

contrast is injected through the urethra

g. __________ Bacterial infection of the

urinary tract

h. __________ X-ray images are taken of the

urinary tract after contrast is injected into a

vein

i. __________ X-rays of the urethra

and bladder are taken while a patient is

voiding

j. __________ Scale to indicate the degree

of acidity or alkalinity of a fluid

k. __________ Specific determination of the

amount of solids in urine

B. On the line provided, give meanings for the following abbreviations, then write each abbreviation

next to its explanation below:

1. ESWL ___________________________________________________________________________

2. KUB ____________________________________________________________________________

3. IVP _____________________________________________________________________________

4. Na+ _____________________________________________________________________________

5. pH _____________________________________________________________________________

6. PKD ____________________________________________________________________________

7. RP _____________________________________________________________________________

8. sp gr ____________________________________________________________________________

9. UA _____________________________________________________________________________

10. UTI _____________________________________________________________________________

11. VCUG __________________________________________________________________________

132 Chapter 7 ฀■ EXERCISE QUIZ

Chapter Seven

EXERCISE QUIZ

Name: ______________________________

A. Using the following terms, trace the path of urine formation from afferent renal arterioles to

the point at which urine leaves the body:

glomerular (Bowman) capsule renal pelvis ureter urinary bladder

glomerulus renal tubule urethra urinary meatus

1. ____________________________________ 5. ______________________________________

2. ____________________________________ 6. ______________________________________

3. ____________________________________ 7. ______________________________________

4. ____________________________________ 8. ______________________________________

B. Give the meanings for the following medical terms:

9. caliceal _____________________________ 12. medullary ______________________________

10. urinary meatal stenosis ________________ 13. cystocele ______________________________

11. creatinine ___________________________ 14. vesicoureteral reflux _____________________

C. Match the following terms that pertain to urinalysis with their meanings below:

bilirubinuria hematuria pH pyuria

glycosuria ketonuria proteinuria sediment

15. Sugar in the urine; a symptom of diabetes mellitus ______________________________________

16. Color of the urine is smoky red owing to presence of blood ________________________________

17. Urine is turbid (cloudy) owing to presence of WBCs and pus _______________________________

18. Abnormal particles are present in urine—cells, bacteria, casts _____________________________

19. Urine test that reflects the acidity or alkalinity of urine ___________________________________

20. Dark pigment accumulates in urine as a result of liver disease _____________________________

21. High levels of acids and acetones accumulate in urine ____________________________________

22. Leaky glomeruli can produce this accumulation of albumin in urine ________________________

D. Give the meanings for the following terms that relate to urinary symptoms:

23. azotemia _____ _______________________ 28. urinary retention _______________________

24. polydipsia ___________________________ 29. polyuria _______________________________

25. nocturia ____________________________ 30. anuria ________________________________

26. oliguria _____ ________________________ 31. bacteriuria ____________________________

27. dysuria _____________________________ 32. enuresis _______________________________

Chapter 7 ฀■ EXERCISE QUIZ 133

E. Match the following terms with their meanings below:

abscess edema secondary hypertension

catheter essential hypertension stricture

diabetes insipidus hypernephroma

33. High blood pressure that is idiopathic _________________________________________________

34. Malignant tumor of the kidney _______________________________________________________

35. High blood pressure caused by kidney disease ___________________________________________

36. Tube for withdrawing or giving fluid ___________________________________________________

37. Collection of pus __________________________________________________________________

38. Swelling, fluid in tissues ____________________________________________________________

39. Inadequate secretion of ADH ________________________________________________________

40. Narrowed area in a tube ____________________________________________________________

F. Identify the following tests, procedures, or abbreviations:

41. C&S ____________________________________________________________________________

42. BUN ____________________________________________________________________________

43. cysto ____________________________________________________________________________

44. Na+ _____________________________________________________________________________

45. UTI _____________________________________________________________________________

46. MRI _____________________________________________________________________________

47. hemodialysis _____________________________________________________________________

48. CAPD ___________________________________________________________________________

49. renal biopsy ______________________________________________________________________

50. renal angiography _________________________________________________________________

134 Chapter 7 ฀■ DICTATION AND COMPREHENSION QUIZ

Chapter Seven

DICTATION AND

COMPREHENSION QUIZ

Name: ______________________________

A. Dictation of Terms

1. ____________________________________ 11. ______________________________________

2. ____________________________________ 12. ______________________________________

3. ____________________________________ 13. ______________________________________

4. ____________________________________ 14. ______________________________________

5. ____________________________________ 15. ______________________________________

6. ____________________________________ 16. ______________________________________

7. ____________________________________ 17. ______________________________________

8. ____________________________________ 18. ______________________________________

9. ____________________________________ 19. ______________________________________

10. ____________________________________ 20. ______________________________________

B. Comprehension of Terms: Match number of the above term with its meaning below.

______ X-ray record of the renal pelvis and urinary tract

______ Blood is held back from the kidney

______ A tube for withdrawing and inserting fluid

______ Act of urination

______ Hormone secreted by the kidney to increase production of red blood cells

______ Narrowing of the opening of the urinary tract to the outside of the body

______ Sodium and potassium are examples

______ High blood pressure due to kidney disease

______ Swelling or fluid in tissue spaces

______ Collection of pus

______ Hardening of arterioles in the kidney

______ Visual examination of the urinary bladder

______ Protein in the urine

______ High levels of nitrogenous waste in the blood

______ Inability to hold urine in the bladder

______ A nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine

______ Renal calculi

______ Inflammation of the small balls of capillaries in the kidney

______ Blood in the urine

______ An anastomosis