Chapter 20: Radiology and Nuclear Medicine
Chabner: The Language of Medicine, 11th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What is the medical specialty that studies the characteristics and uses of radioactive
substances in diagnosis of disease?
a.
Radiology
b.
Nuclear medicine
c.
Radiation oncology
d.
Ultrasonography
2. What does a radiologist do?
a.
Treats malignancy with radiation
b.
Aids a physician in administering x-ray procedures
c.
Specializes in the practice of administering diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures
d.
Specializes diagnostic techniques such as ultrasound, MRI and CT scans
3. Which of the following is true of a radiopaque substance?
a.
Absorbs most of the x-rays it is exposed to
b.
Lung tissue is an example
c.
Is an air-containing structure
d.
Permits the passage of most x-rays
4. Which BEST describes a barium enema?
a.
Iodine compound is given and x-rays are taken of the intestinal tract.
b.
A fluorescent screen is used instead of a photographic plate to visualize images.
c.
Metallic powder is introduced to the large intestine and x-rays are taken.
d.
Radioactive substance is given and x-rays are taken.
5. X-ray of the renal pelvis and urinary tract after injecting dye into a vein:
a.
Venogram
b.
IVP
c.
RP
d.
Intravenous cholangiogram
6. Myelogram is an x-ray of:
a.
Lymphatic vessels
b.
Muscles
c.
Bone marrow
d.
Spinal cord
7. Which is an x-ray of a blood vessel?
a.
Pneumoencephalogram
b.
Angiogram
c.
Arthrogram
d.
Digital subtraction angiography
8. Which term describes an x-ray test to show an organ in depth?
a.
Fluoroscopy
b.
Tomography
c.
Ultrasonography
d.
Arteriography
9. What BEST characterizes a CT scan?
a.
Uses radioactive substances to produce an x-ray image
b.
Gives a vertical front-to-back image of the body organs
c.
Magnetic and radio waves are used to create image
d.
Uses ionizing x-rays and a computer to produce a transverse image of the body
organs
10. What BEST characterizes an MRI ?
a.
Sagittal, frontal, and cross-sectional images are produced using magnetic and radio
waves
b.
Sound images are produced in addition to magnetic images
c.
X-rays and a contrast medium are used
d.
Radioactive matter enhances x-rays
11. In which x-ray view is the patient upright with the back to the x-ray machine and the film to
the chest?
a.
Oblique x-ray view
b.
Lateral x-ray view
c.
AP view
d.
PA view
12. What is the meaning of adduction?
a.
Bending a part of the body
b.
Moving the part of the body toward the midline of the body
c.
Moving the part away from the midline
d.
Turning inward
13. What is a substance that gives off high-energy particles or rays?
a.
Scanner
b.
Half-life
c.
Barium
d.
Radioisotope
14. In which test is a radiopharmaceutical injected intravenously and traced within the vessels of
the lung?
a.
Chest x-ray of the lung
b.
CT scan of the thoracic cavity
c.
Perfusion study of the lung
d.
Ventilation scan of the lung
15. What is an in vivo test?
a.
Experiments are performed in a laboratory
b.
Radiopharmaceuticals are used
c.
Radionuclide is incorporated into a chemical substance
d.
Experiments are performed in a living organism
16. What can thyroid scans detect?
a.
Cirrhosis and splenomegaly due to abscess or tumor
b.
Blood flow through the heart and large vessels
c.
Areas of metabolic deficiency in the brain
d.
Thyroid carcinoma
17. Interventional radiologists perform all of the following EXCEPT:
a.
Administration of radiation therapy
b.
Placement of drainage catheters
c.
Occlusion of bleeding vessels
d.
Instillation of antibiotics or chemotherapy via catheters
18. What is thallium 201?
a.
Gamma camera
b.
Contrast material
c.
Fluorescent material
d.
Radionuclide
19. In which procedure is a transducer used?
a.
MRI
b.
Ultrasound
c.
Bone scan
d.
CT scan
20. PACS is a:
a.
Radiopharmaceutical used in a PET scan
b.
Protocol for transmission between imaging devices
c.
Technique using a radioactive substance and a computer to create
three-dimensional images
d.
System to replace traditional films with digital equivalents
21. FDG is a:
a.
Radiopharmaceutical used in a PET scan
b.
Protocol for transmission between imaging devices
c.
Technique using a radioactive substance and a computer to create
three-dimensional images
d.
System to replace traditional films with digital equivalents
22. DICOM is a:
a.
Radiopharmaceutical used in a PET scan
b.
Protocol for transmission between imaging devices
c.
Technique using a radioactive substance and a computer to create
three-dimensional images
d.
System to replace traditional films with digital equivalents
23. SPECT is a:
a.
Radiopharmaceutical used in a PET scan
b.
Protocol for transmission between imaging devices
c.
Technique using a radioactive substance and a computer to create
three-dimensional images
d.
System to replace traditional films with digital equivalents
Select the term that is spelled correctly.
24. X-ray imaging of the spinal cord:
a.
myleography
b.
myelography
c.
mielography
25. Moving toward the midline:
a.
abduction
b.
adduckshun
c.
adduction
26. Lying down position:
a.
rekumbent
b.
recumbant
c.
recumbent
27. Lying on the back:
a.
supine
b.
soupine
c.
suppine
28. Obstructing the passage of x-rays:
a.
radiopaquie
b.
radiopaque
c.
radioopaque
29. X-ray of the renal pelvis:
a.
pyleogram
b.
pyelogram
c.
pyilogram
30. X-ray record of vessels:
a.
anjiogram
b.
angeiogram
c.
angiogram
31. Radioactive form of a substance:
a.
radioisotope
b.
radioiceotope
c.
radioisotop
32. Lying on the belly:
a.
prone
b.
proone
c.
pron
MATCHING
Match the terms with their correct meanings.
a.
adduction
b.
cholangiography
c.
nuclear medicine
d.
computed tomography
e.
echocardiography
f.
eversion
g.
ionization
h.
hysterosalpingogram
i.
in vitro
j.
in vivo
k.
lateral decubitus
l.
intravenous pyelogram
m.
positron emission tomography
n.
radioisotope
o.
radiolucent
p.
radiopaque
q.
radiopharmaceutical
r.
scintigraphy
s.
therapeutic
t.
uptake
1. Turning outward
2. Medical specialty that studies the uses of radioactive substances (radionuclides) in diagnosis
of disease
3. Measurement or observation within a living organism
4. Permitting the passage of most x-rays
5. Rate of absorption of a radionuclide into an organ or tissue
6. A procedure in which something is measured or observed outside a living organism
7. Transformation of electrically neutral substances into electrically charged particles
8. A radioactive form of a substance
9. Process (two dimensional) used to detect radioactivity emitted in diagnostic imaging
10. X-ray record of the uterus and fallopian tubes
11. Movement toward the midline of the body
12. Radioactive substances produce cross-sectional images of regions of the body
13. Radioactive drug (radionuclide plus chemical) that is administered for diagnostic or
therapeutic purposes
14. Pertaining to treatment
15. Obstructing the passage of x-rays
16. Diagnostic x-ray procedure in which cross-sectional images are made of specific body
segments
17. X-ray record of the renal pelvis
18. Process of recording x-ray images of bile vessels
19. X-ray position; lying down and on one’s side
20. Process of recording sound waves in order to produce an image of the heart
Match the special diagnostic techniques with their correct definitions.
a.
nuclear medicine
b.
computed tomography
c.
contrast studies
d.
lymphoscintigraphy
e.
interventional radiology
f.
magnetic resonance imaging
g.
positron emission tomography
h.
ultrasonography
21. Radiopaque substances are given and x-rays taken
22. Medical specialty that studies the uses of radioactive substances (radionuclides) in diagnosis
of disease
23. Radioactive substance is given intravenously and a cross-sectional image is created of cellular
metabolism based on local concentration of the radioactive substance
24. Echoes of high-frequency sound waves are used to diagnose disease
25. This type of nuclear medicine imaging provides pictures of the lymphatic system
26. A magnetic field and radio waves are used to form images of the body
27. X-ray pictures are taken circularly around an area of the body and a computer synthesizes the
information into a composite axial picture
28. Therapeutic or diagnostic procedures performed by a radiologist. Examples are needle biopsy
of a mass and drainage of an abscess, typically under the guidance of CT
Match the parts of the body that are imaged with the correct diagnostic tests.
a.
bile vessels (ducts)
b.
spinal cord
c.
uterus and fallopian tubes
d.
blood vessels
e.
esophagus, stomach, and small intestine
f.
lower gastrointestinal tract
g.
renal pelvis of kidney and urinary tract
h.
lymphatic system
29. Myelography
30. Pyelography
31. Angiography
32. Hysterosalpingography
33. Upper GI series
34. Cholangiography
35. Barium enema
36. Lymphoscintigraphy
Match the meanings with their correct terms.
a.
turning outward
b.
lying on one’s belly; face down
c.
bending a part of the body
d.
lying on one’s back
e.
radionuclides are used as tags attached to chemicals and followed throughout the
body
f.
test of blood flow to heart muscle
g.
lengthening or straightening a flexed limb
h.
carrying a limb away from the body
i.
positioned at an angle
j.
transformation of electrically neutral substances into electrically charged particles
37. Flexion
38. Extension
39. Prone
40. Abduction
41. Supine
42. Eversion
43. Oblique
44. Ionization
45. Tracer studies
46. Technetium 99m
Match the terms with their correct meanings.
a.
in vivo
b.
computed tomography (CT)
c.
contrast studies
d.
labeled compound
e.
in vitro
f.
gamma camera
g.
gamma rays
h.
half-life
i.
interventional radiology
j.
ionization
47. Time required for a radioactive substance to lose half its radioactivity by disintegration
48. Radiopharmaceutical; used in nuclear medicine studies
49. High energy rays emitted by radioactive substances
50. Process, test, or procedure is performed, measured, or observed within a living organism
51. Therapeutic procedures performed by a radiologist
52. Transformation of electrically neutral substances into electrically charged particles
53. Diagnostic x-ray procedure whereby a cross-sectional and other images of a specific body
segment are produced
54. Materials are injected to obtain contrast with surrounding tissue when shown on x-ray film
55. Machine to detect gamma rays emitted from radiopharmaceuticals during scanning for
diagnostic purposes
56. Process, test or procedure is performed, measured, or observed outside a living organism, in a
test tube
OBJ: Recall medical terms related to radiology and nuclear medicine.
Match the terms with their correct meanings.
a.
in vitro
b.
in vivo
c.
labeled compound
d.
magnetic resonance (MR)
e.
nuclear medicine
f.
positron emission tomography (PET)
g.
radioimmunoassay
h.
radioisotope
i.
radiology
j.
radiolucent
57. Permitting the passage of x-rays
58. Process, test or procedure performed, measured or observed in a living organism
59. Radioactive substance is given intravenously and a cross-sectional image is created of cellular
metabolism based on local concentration of the radioactive substance
60. Process, test, or procedure performed, measured or observed outside a living organism
61. Medical specialty that studies the uses of radioactive substances in diagnosis of disease
62. Magnetic field and radio waves produce images of the body in three planes (coronal, sagittal,
and axial)
63. Radiopharmaceutical used in nuclear medicine studies
64. Test that combines radioactive chemicals and antibodies to detect minute quantities of
substances in a patient’s blood
65. Radioactive form of an element; radionuclide
66. Medical specialty concerned with the study of x-rays and their use in the diagnosis of disease
Match the terms with their correct meanings.
a.
radiopaque
b.
radiopharmaceutical
c.
scan
d.
half-life
e.
transducer
f.
tagging
g.
ultrasound
h.
uptake
i.
ventilation/perfusion studies
j.
single-photon emission computed tomography
67. Rate of absorption of a radionuclide into an organ or tissue
68. Image of an area, organ or tissue obtained from ultrasound, radioactive tracer studies,
computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging
69. Handheld device that sends and receives ultrasound signals
70. Attaching a radionuclide to a chemical and following its path in the body
71. Radiopharmaceutical is inhaled and injected intravenously followed by imaging its passage
through the respiratory tract
72. Obstructing the passage of x-rays
73. Diagnostic technique that projects and retrieves high-frequency sound waves as they echo off
parts of the body