Dictionaries Chapter 2 throat classification of chromosomes lying on one’s

Chapter 02: Terms Pertaining to the Body as a Whole

Chabner: The Language of Medicine, 11th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The process by which food is burned to release energy:

a.

Nuclear energy

b.

Anabolism

c.

Phagocytosis

d.

Catabolism

e.

Protein synthesis

2. Part of the cell where formation of proteins occurs:

a.

Genes

b.

Chromosomes

c.

Endoplasmic reticulum

d.

Cartilage

e.

Cell membrane

3. Sum of the chemical processes in a cell:

a.

Anabolism

b.

Metabolism

c.

Protein synthesis

d.

Catabolism

e.

A and C

4. A photograph of an individual’s chromosomes:

a.

Biopsy

b.

X-ray

c.

Electroencephalogram

d.

Sonogram

e.

Karyotype

5. Part of a cell where catabolism primarily occurs:

a.

Cell membrane

b.

Nucleus

c.

Mitochondria

d.

Genes

e.

Endoplasmic reticulum

6. Allows materials to pass into and out of the cell:

a.

Cytoplasm

b.

Cell membrane

c.

Chromosomes

d.

Mitochondria

e.

Nucleus

7. Genes are composed of:

a.

Chromosomes

b.

Ribosomes

c.

Hemoglobin

d.

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

e.

Mitochondria

8. Muscular wall separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities:

a.

Mediastinum

b.

Diaphragm

c.

Pleura

d.

Pericardium

e.

Peritoneum

9. The space in the chest between the lungs:

a.

Peritoneum

b.

Esophagus

c.

Pleural cavity

d.

Mediastinum

e.

Retroperitoneal space

10. Adipose means pertaining to:

a.

Cartilage

b.

Bone

c.

Fat

d.

Skin

e.

Nervous tissue

11. Throat:

a.

Trachea

b.

Coccyx

c.

Larynx

d.

Esophagus

e.

Pharynx

12. Sarcoma:

a.

Part of the backbone

b.

Flesh tumor; benign

c.

Malignant tumor of flesh tissue

d.

Mass of blood

e.

Skin tumor of epithelial cells

13. Craniotomy:

a.

Incision of the skull

b.

Pertaining to the skull

c.

Pertaining to the brain

d.

Incision of the chest

e.

Pertaining to the head

14. A histologist studies:

a.

Drugs

b.

X-rays

c.

Tissues

d.

The backbone

e.

The spinal cord

15. An epithelial cell is a/an:

a.

Skin cell

b.

Nerve cell

c.

Fat cell

d.

Organ

e.

Muscle cell

16. The pleural cavity is the space:

a.

Within the abdomen

b.

Within the backbones

c.

Surrounding the hip

d.

Between the membranes around the lungs

e.

Within the skull

17. Viscera:

a.

Cells in the blood

b.

Internal organs

c.

Parts of cells

d.

Cavities of the body

e.

Tissues composed of cartilage

18. The pituitary gland is in the __________ body cavity.

a.

Cranial

b.

Spinal

c.

Pelvic

d.

Abdominal

e.

Thoracic

19. Voice box:

a.

Bronchial tube

b.

Pharynx

c.

Esophagus

d.

Larynx

e.

Tongue

20. The tailbone is the:

a.

Sacrum

b.

Cervix

c.

Ilium

d.

Coccyx

e.

Cranium

21. Supine means:

a.

Lying on the back

b.

Conducting toward a structure

c.

In front of the body

d.

Lying on the belly

e.

Pertaining to the side

22. The upper regions below the cartilage of the ribs that extends over the abdomen are the

__________ regions.

a.

Hypogastric

b.

Inguinal

c.

Lumbar

d.

Umbilical

e.

Hypochondriac

23. The RUQ contains the:

a.

Liver

b.

Appendix

c.

Lung

d.

Spleen

e.

Heart

24. Pertaining to a plane that divides the body into right and left portions:

a.

Coronal

b.

Transverse

c.

Frontal

d.

Sagittal

e.

Distal

25. A disk is:

a.

Part of the hip bone

b.

A piece of cartilage between backbones

c.

A piece of bony tissue connecting the joints in the back

d.

An abnormal structure in the back

e.

A pad of fatty tissue between backbones

Select the term that is spelled correctly.

26. Internal organs:

a.

viscera

b.

vicsera

c.

vissera

27. Malignant tumor of flesh (connective tissue):

a.

sacroma

b.

sarcoma

c.

sarkoma

28. Pertaining to the chest:

a.

thoracic

b.

thorasic

c.

thoroacic

29. Lying on the back:

a.

surpine

b.

supin

c.

supine

30. Pertaining to the abdomen:

a.

abdominel

b.

abdominal

c.

abdomineal

31. Photograph of an individual’s chromosomes:

a.

karyotype

b.

karryotype

c.

kariotype

32. Membrane surrounding the lungs:

a.

pleura

b.

ploora

c.

plura

33. Space between the lungs:

a.

mediastinim

b.

mediastinam

c.

mediastinum

34. Endocrine gland at the base of the brain:

a.

pitiutary

b.

pituitary

c.

pituitery

35. Pertaining to skin (surface) cells:

a.

epitheleal

b.

epithelial

c.

epithelal

Select the correct medical term to complete the following sentences.

36. The __________ end of the humerus is at the shoulder.

a.

inferior (caudal)

b.

distal

c.

proximal

37. The left lung lies __________ to the heart.

a.

proximal

b.

lateral

c.

superior

38. The liver lies __________ to the intestines.

a.

superior

b.

inferior

c.

proximal

39. The backbone is called a/an __________.

a.

lateral

b.

superior

c.

vertebra

40. The __________ end of the thigh bone (femur) joins with the kneecap.

a.

lateral

b.

distal

c.

superior

41. The __________ plane divides the body into upper and lower portions.

a.

transverse

b.

superior

c.

lateral

42. The __________ plane divides the body into right and left portions.

a.

superior

b.

sagittal

c.

lateral

43. The diaphragm lies __________ to the organs in the thoracic cavity.

a.

distal

b.

proximal

c.

inferior (caudal)

Select the correct meaning for the following combining forms.

44. crani/o:

a.

neck

b.

skull

c.

color

45. cervic/o:

a.

cartilage

b.

tissue

c.

neck

46. sacr/o:

a.

flesh

b.

nipple

c.

sacrum

47. trache/o:

a.

windpipe

b.

throat

c.

side

48. inguin/o:

a.

pelvis

b.

groin

c.

sacrum

49. viscer/o:

a.

internal organs

b.

backbones

c.

belly side of the body

50. sarc/o:

a.

sacrum

b.

flesh

c.

vertebra

51. chondr/o:

a.

cartilage

b.

color

c.

cell

52. thorac/o:

a.

nipple

b.

windpipe

c.

chest

53. hist/o:

a.

nucleus

b.

tissue

c.

far; distant

Select the correct meaning for the following word parts.

54. Intra-

a.

Between

b.

Within

c.

Below

55. inter-:

a.

between

b.

above

c.

below

56. hypo-:

a.

above

b.

between

c.

below

57. ana-:

a.

up

b.

down

c.

below

58. -ose:

a.

pertaining to; full of

b.

formation

c.

picture; classification

59. -eal:

a.

pertaining to

b.

formation of

c.

bodies

60. epi-:

a.

between

b.

below

c.

above

61. Cephalic:

a.

ce

b.

phal

c.

ic

62. Posterior:

a.

pos

b.

ter

c.

i

d.

or

63. Proximal:

a.

prox

b.

i

c.

mal

64. Thoracotomy:

a.

thor

b.

a

c.

cot

d.

om

e.

y

65. Hypochondriac:

a.

hy

b.

po

c.

chon

d.

dri

e.

ac

66. Cranial:

a.

cra

b.

ni

c.

al

67. Catabolism:

a.

ca

b.

tab

c.

ol

d.

ism

e.

sm

68. Chondrosarcoma:

a.

chon

b.

dro

c.

sar

d.

co

e.

ma

69. Pharynx:

a.

phar

b.

ynx

70. Viscera:

a.

vis

b.

cer

c.

a

MATCHING

Match the terms with their correct meanings.

a.

adipose

b.

cartilage

c.

chondrosarcoma

d.

chromosomes

e.

craniotomy

f.

epithelial cells

g.

histology

h.

inguinal

i.

karyotype

j.

larynx

k.

mitochondria

l.

pharynx

m.

pituitary gland

n.

sagittal plane

o.

thyroid gland

p.

tracheal

q.

transverse plane

r.

umbilical

s.

urethra

t.

visceral

1. Incision of the skull

2. Pertaining to the groin

3. Malignant tumor of connective tissue

4. Picture of nuclear structures

5. Pertaining to internal organs

6. Study of tissues

7. Secretory organ in the neck

8. Flexible connective tissue at joints

9. Divides the body horizontally

10. Tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

11. Cytoplasmic structures where catabolism takes place

12. Throat

13. Divides the body laterally into right and left parts

14. Secretory organ at the base of the brain

15. Voice box

16. Pertaining to the navel

17. Pertaining to the windpipe

18. Pertaining to fat tissue

19. Lines external body surface and internal surface of organs

20. Rod-shaped nuclear structures

Match the parts of the body with the correct descriptions.

a.

adipose tissue

b.

cartilage

c.

larynx

d.

pharynx

e.

pleura

f.

trachea

g.

ureter

h.

urethra

21. Throat

22. Collection of fat cells

23. Windpipe

24. Tube from the kidney to the urinary bladder

25. Voice box

26. Membrane surrounding the lungs

27. Flexible connective tissue at joints

28. Tube from the urinary bladder to outside of body

Match the meanings with their correct terms.

a.

backbone

b.

voice box

c.

skin cells

d.

vertical plane dividing the body into a right and a left portion

e.

throat

f.

classification of chromosomes

g.

lying on one’s back

h.

muscle dividing the thoracic and abdominal cavities

i.

connective tissue at the joints

j.

lying on one’s belly

k.

structures in a cell where food is burned to produce energy

l.

building-up process in a cell; proteins are synthesized for use in the body

29. Karyotype

30. Epithelium

31. Cartilage

32. Anabolism

33. Diaphragm

34. Vertebra

35. Sagittal

36. Supine

37. Mitochondria

38. Larynx

OTHER

Use medical terms to complete the following sentences.

1. The control center of the cell, containing chromosomes, is the __________.

2. The process of building up proteins in a cell is called __________.

3. The total of the chemical processes in a cell is known as __________.

4. A scientist who studies tissues is called a/an __________.

5. Regions of DNA within a chromosome are called __________.

6. Region of the tailbone: __________

Name the five cavities of the body.

7. Cavity surrounded by the skull: __________

8. Cavity in the chest surrounded by ribs: __________

9. Cavity surrounded by the hip bone: __________

10. Cavity surrounded by the backbones: __________

11. Cavity below the chest containing digestive organs: __________

Name the five divisions of the back.

12. Region of the neck: __________

13. Region of the chest: __________

14. Region of the waist: __________

15. Region of the sacrum: __________

Give opposites of the following terms.

16. Deep: __________

17. Proximal: __________

18. Supine: __________

19. Dorsal: __________

Select the term that is spelled correctly and give its meaning.

20. A. abdomin

B. abdomen