Chapter 11-1: Cardiovascular System—Part 1
Chabner: The Language of Medicine, 11th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A blood vessel that carries oxygen-poor blood from heart to lungs:
a.
Pulmonary vein
b.
Pulmonary artery
c.
Aorta
d.
Superior vena cava
e.
Inferior vena cava
2. Contraction phase of the heartbeat:
a.
Septum
b.
Diastole
c.
Tachycardia
d.
Systole
e.
Pacemaker
3. Located between the left upper and lower chambers of the heart:
a.
Mitral valve
b.
Tricuspid valve
c.
Aortic valve
d.
Pulmonary valve
e.
Superior vena cava
4. Sac-like membrane surrounding the heart:
a.
Endocardium
b.
Bundle of His
c.
Interatrial septum
d.
Ventricle
e.
Pericardium
5. Sensitive tissue in the right atrium wall that begins the heartbeat:
a.
Tricuspid valve
b.
Atrioventricular node
c.
Bundle of His
d.
Epicardium
e.
Sinoatrial node
6. Blood vessels branching from the aorta to carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle:
a.
Capillaries
b.
Venae cavae
c.
Coronary arteries
d.
Carotid arteries
e.
Renal arteries
7. Disease of heart muscle:
a.
Cardiomegaly
b.
Endocarditis
c.
Arteriolitis
d.
Cardiomyopathy
e.
Aortic stenosis
8. Phlebitis:
a.
Narrowing of a valve with inflammation
b.
Inflammation of a capillary
c.
Blockage of a heart valve
d.
Inflammation of a vein
e.
Narrowing of an artery
9. Instrument to measure blood pressure:
a.
Sphygmomanometer
b.
Electrocardiogram
c.
Stress test
d.
Stethoscope
e.
Cardiac catheterization
10. A local widening of an artery:
a.
Thrombosis
b.
Infarction
c.
Arterial anastomosis
d.
Aortic stenosis
e.
Aneurysm
11. Cyanosis:
a.
Bluish coloration of the skin
b.
Yellow coloration of the skin
c.
Associated with a hemangioma
d.
A form of atherosclerosis
e.
Associated with increased oxygen in the blood
12. Ischemia:
a.
Can lead to myocardial infarction
b.
Holding back of blood from an area
c.
Can be caused by thrombotic occlusion of a blood vessel
d.
May be a result of coronary artery disease
e.
All of the above
13. Angina is:
a.
Chest pain relieved with nitroglycerin
b.
An extra heart sound
c.
An abnormal heart rhythm
d.
Caused by rheumatic fever
e.
Associated with Raynaud phenomenon
14. Cardiac arrhythmia:
a.
Calcium channel blocker
b.
Beta-blocker
c.
Fibrillation
d.
Hypoxia
e.
Atheroma
15. Petechiae:
a.
Small, pinpoint hemorrhages
b.
Vegetations
c.
Dilation of large vessels
d.
Defects or holes in heart septa
e.
Hemorrhoids
16. Blood clot forms in a large lower limb vessel:
a.
Aortic stenosis
b.
Mitral valve prolapse
c.
Deep vein thrombosis
d.
Hypercholesterolemia
e.
Acute coronary syndrome
17. Four separate congenital heart defects:
a.
Coarctation of the aorta
b.
Patent ductus arteriosus
c.
Raynaud disease
d.
Tetralogy of Fallot
e.
Peripheral vascular disease
18. Patent means:
a.
Deoxygenated
b.
Oxygenated
c.
Open
d.
Closed
e.
Half-closed
19. The cause of essential hypertension is:
a.
Some secondary factor
b.
Pyelonephritis
c.
Glomerulonephritis
d.
Adrenal cortex adenoma
e.
Idiopathic
20. Digoxin is:
a.
A drug used to strengthen the heartbeat
b.
A calcium blocker
c.
Used to dissolve emboli
d.
Used to treat varicose veins
e.
A strong antibiotic
21. Creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LD), and aspartate transferase (AST) (formerly
SGOT) are examples of:
a.
Lipids
b.
Lipoproteins
c.
Serum enzymes
d.
Fatty acids
e.
Nitrate-like drugs
22. Echocardiography (ECHO) is BEST described by which of the following statements?
a.
Dye is injected into the blood and x-rays are taken of the heart.
b.
Catheter is positioned in a vein and guided into the heart.
c.
A stress test of cardiac function is performed.
d.
High-frequency sound waves are transmitted into the chest.
e.
Electricity is measured as it flows through the heart.
23. Incision of a vein:
a.
Phebotomy
b.
Phlebitis
c.
Phlebotomy
d.
Vasoconstriction
e.
Ventriculotomy
24. Removal of plaque from inner lining of an artery:
a.
Endarterectomy
b.
Arteriography
c.
Aneurysmectomy
d.
Ventriculotomy
e.
Valvuloplasty
25. Holter monitoring is:
a.
An electroencephalographic (EEG) test
b.
A stress test
c.
Part of a chest computed tomography (CT) scan
d.
An electrocardiogram (ECG) taken during daily activity
e.
Part of a cardiac catheterization procedure
26. Pertaining to the heart:
a.
coronery
b.
coronary
c.
corenary
27. Relaxation phase of the heartbeat:
a.
diastole
b.
diostole
c.
dieastole
28. Pain:
a.
angina
b.
anjena
c.
anjina
29. Abnormal rapid heart rhythm:
a.
fibrilation
b.
filbrilation
c.
fibrillation
30. Swollen blood vessels in the rectal region:
a.
hemmorhoids
b.
hemmorrhoids
c.
hemorrhoids
31. Incision of a vein:
a.
phlebotomy
b.
phebotomy
c.
phliebotomy
32. Widening of a vessel:
a.
vasodialation
b.
vassodialation
c.
vasodilation
33. Bluish coloration of the skin:
a.
cianosis
b.
cyanosis
c.
cyianosis
34. Traveling clot that suddenly blocks a blood vessel:
a.
embulus
b.
embulos
c.
embolus
35. Contraction phase of the heartbeat:
a.
systole
b.
sistolle
c.
sistole
MATCHING
Select from the following pathologic conditions to match the definitions.
a.
coarctation of the aorta
b.
congestive heart failure
c.
coronary artery disease
d.
endocarditis
e.
heart block
f.
fibrillation
g.
flutter
h.
patent ductus arteriosus
i.
septal defects
j.
tetralogy of Fallot
1. Disease originating in the arteries surrounding the heart
2. Passageway between the aorta and the pulmonary artery remains open after birth
3. Rapid but regular contractions of the heart (usually the atria)
4. Narrowing of the aorta (congenital anomaly)
5. Very rapid, random, inefficient, and irregular contractions of the heart
6. Congenital malformation involving four distinct heart defects
7. Failure of proper conduction of impulses from the sinoatrial (SA) node through the rest of the
heart
8. Small holes in the wall between the atria or the wall between the ventricles
9. Heart is unable to pump the required amount of blood
10. Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
Select from the following pathologic conditions to match the definitions.
a.
aneurysm
b.
deep vein thrombosis
c.
hypertension
d.
hypertensive heart disease
e.
mitral valve prolapse
f.
murmur
g.
pericarditis
h.
peripheral vascular disease
i.
Raynaud disease
j.
rheumatic heart disease
k.
varicose veins
11. High blood pressure; essential and secondary are types
12. Inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart
13. Local widening of an arterial wall
14. Heart disease caused by rheumatic fever
15. Blood clot forms in a large vein (of the usually lower limb)
16. Extra heart sound heard between normal beats
17. High blood pressure that affects the heart
18. Improper closure of the bicuspid valve
19. Abnormally swollen or twisted veins; usually occurring in the legs
20. Recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis, primarily in fingers and toes
21. Blockage of blood vessels carrying blood to the legs, arms, and kidneys and other organs
Select from the following pathologic terminology to match its description.
a.
acute coronary syndromes
b.
angina
c.
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor
d.
auscultation
e.
beta-blocker
f.
biventricular pacemaker
g.
bruit
h.
calcium channel blocker
i.
cardiac arrest
j.
cardiac tamponade
k.
claudication
22. Unstable angina and heart attack occurring as consequences of plaque rupture in coronary
arteries
23. Listening for sounds using a stethoscope
24. Drug used to treat angina and hypertension; dilates blood vessels, stopping the influx of
calcium into muscle cells lining vessels
25. Abnormal blowing or swishing sound heard during auscultation of an artery
26. Antihypertensive drug that blocks the conversion of angiotension I to angiotensin II and
dilates blood vessels
27. Sudden, unexpected stoppage of heart action
28. Chest pain resulting from blood flow being held back from heart muscle
29. Drug used to treat angina, hypertension, and arrhythmias by blocking the action of
epinephrine at receptor sites on cells
30. Pain, tension, and weakness in a leg after walking has begun
31. Device that enables ventricles to beat together so that more blood is pumped out of the heart
32. Pressure on the heart caused by fluid in the pericardial space
Select from the following pathologic terminology to match its description.
a.
digoxin
b.
embolus
c.
infarction
d.
nitrates
e.
occlusion
f.
palpitations
g.
patent
h.
pericardial friction rub
i.
petechiae
j.
statins
k.
thrill
l.
vegetations
33. Clot or other material that travels to a distant location
34. Drugs that lower cholesterol in the blood
35. Open
36. Area of dead tissue
37. Small, pinpoint hemorrhages
38. Clumps of platelets and other material on diseased heart valves
39. Uncomfortable sensations in the chest related to cardiac arrhythmias
40. Drugs used in the treatment of angina by dilating blood vessels
41. Vibration felt over an area of turmoil in blood flow
42. Scraping or grating noise heard on auscultation of the heart
43. Closure of a blood vessel due to a blockage
44. Drug that treats arrhythmias and strengthens the heartbeat
Match the terms with their correct meanings.
a.
aorta
b.
arterial anastomosis
c.
arteriosclerosis
d.
atherectomy
e.
brachial artery
f.
capillary
g.
cardiomegaly
h.
hypercholesterolemia
i.
hypoxia
j.
interatrial septum
k.
mitral valvulitis
l.
pericardiocentesis
m.
phlebotomy
n.
pulmonary artery
o.
sinoatrial node
p.
sphygmomanometer
q.
thrombolysis
r.
valvuloplasty
s.
vasodilation
t.
vena cava
45. Smallest blood vessel
46. Instrument to measure blood pressure
47. Incision of a vein
48. Condition of deficient oxygen
49. Largest vein in the body
50. Pacemaker of the heart
51. Largest artery in the body
52. High levels of a fatty substance in the blood
53. Wall between the upper chambers of the heart
54. Widening of a blood vessel
55. Vessel carrying blood to the arm
56. Removal of fatty plaque (from a blood vessel)
57. New connection between two arteries
58. Inflammation of valve on the left side of the heart
59. Breakdown (destruction) of a blood clot
60. Vessel carrying blood to the lungs
61. Surgical repair of a valve
62. Hardening of arteries
63. Enlargement of the heart
64. Surgical puncture to remove fluid between the membranes surrounding the heart
Match the terms with their correct meanings.
a.
aneurysm
b.
angina
c.
arrhythmias
d.
beta-blockers
e.
claudication
f.
congestive heart failure
g.
cyanosis
h.
emboli
i.
endocarditis
j.
essential hypertension
k.
hemorrhoids
l.
mitral valve prolapse
m.
murmur
n.
occlusion
o.
palpitations
p.
patent ductus arteriosus
q.
Raynaud phenomenon
r.
tetralogy of Fallot
65. High blood pressure of idiopathic etiology
66. Varicose veins near the anus
67. Closure (blockage) of a blood vessel
68. Collections of material (clots) that travel to and suddenly block a vessel
69. Chest pain resulting from temporary difference between supply and demand of oxygen to the
heart muscle
70. Short episodes of pallor and numbness in fingers and toes due to temporary constriction of
arterioles
71. Examples are flutter, fibrillation, and heart block
72. A small duct between the aorta and pulmonary artery, which normally closes soon after birth,
remains open
73. The heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood; pulmonary edema may result
74. Congenital malformation of the heart involving four distinct defects
75. An extra heart sound heard between normal beats
76. Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
77. Local widening of an artery caused by weakness in the arterial wall
78. Improper closure of a heart valve when the heart is pumping blood
79. Drugs used to treat abnormal heart rhythms and high blood pressure
80. Blockage of arteries in the lower extremities due to atherosclerosis
81. Bluish discoloration of the skin
82. Uncomfortable sensations in the chest
Match the terms with their correct meanings.
a.
aorta
b.
arteriole
c.
atrium
d.
capillary
e.
mitral valve
f.
pulmonary artery
g.
pulmonary vein
h.
superior vena cava
i.
tricuspid valve
j.
ventricle
83. Smallest blood vessel