Chapter 10-1: Nervous System—Part 1
Chabner: The Language of Medicine, 11th Edition
1. Part of the brain responsible for coordinating muscle movements and maintaining balance:
a.
Pons
b.
Cerebrum
c.
Thalamus
d.
Hypothalamus
e.
Cerebellum
2. Pertaining to muscles and nerves:
a.
Myoneural
b.
Neuroanastomosis
c.
Myelogram
d.
Meningomyelocele
e.
Polyneuritis
3. Neurotransmitter:
a.
Cerebrospinal fluid
b.
Myelin
c.
Acetylcholine
d.
Lymph
e.
Sulcus
4. Part of the nerve cell that first receives the nervous impulse is the:
a.
Axon
b.
Cell body
c.
Neurilemma
d.
Convolution
e.
Dendrite
5. Elevated portions of the cerebral cortex:
a.
Sulci
b.
Plexuses
c.
Gyri
d.
Ventricles
e.
Glial cells
6. Burning sensation of pain:
a.
Analgesia
b.
Cephalgia
c.
Anesthesia
d.
Causalgia
e.
Dysesthesia
7. A network of interlacing nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system (PNS):
a.
Microglia
b.
Astrocyte
c.
Plexus
d.
Synapse
e.
Receptor
8. Portion of the brain that controls the pituitary gland, water balance, and body temperature:
a.
Medulla oblongata
b.
Cauda equina
c.
Cerebellum
d.
Thalamus
e.
Hypothalamus
9. Glial cells:
a.
Neurons
b.
Astrocytes
c.
Meninges
d.
Parenchymal cells
e.
Nerve cells that conduct impulses
10. Space between nerve cells:
a.
Subdural space
b.
Subarachnoid space
c.
Ventricle
d.
Synapse
e.
Stimulus
11. Part of the brain that controls breathing, heartbeat, and the size of blood vessels:
a.
Cerebellum
b.
Pons
c.
Cauda equina
d.
Medulla oblongata
e.
Thalamus
12. Inability to speak:
a.
Apraxia
b.
Dysplasia
c.
Aphasia
d.
Aphagia
e.
Ataxia
13. Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord:
a.
Gyrus
b.
Dendrites
c.
Cauda equina
d.
Microglia
e.
Oligodendroglia
14. X-ray record (image) of the spinal cord:
a.
Electroencephalogram
b.
Electromyogram
c.
Cerebral angiogram
d.
Pneumoencephalogram
e.
Myelogram
15. Collection of blood within the meningeal layers:
a.
Leptomeningitis
b.
Cerebromalacia
c.
Subdural hematoma
d.
Hydrocephalus
e.
Hemiparesis
16. Abnormal sensation of tingling or prickling:
a.
Anesthesia
b.
Paresthesia
c.
Analgesia
d.
Neurasthenia
e.
Hyperkinesis
17. Inflammation of a spinal nerve root:
a.
Encephalitis
b.
Meningitis
c.
Blepharitis
d.
Radiculitis
e.
Polyneuritis
18. A highly malignant brain tumor:
a.
Meningioma
b.
Epidural hematoma
c.
Glioblastoma
d.
Subdural hematoma
e.
Teratoma
19. Paralysis of four extremities:
a.
Hemiparesis
b.
Hemiplegia
c.
Paraplegia
d.
Quadriplegia
e.
Apraxia
20. Cerebral aneurysm, thrombosis, or hemorrhage can be the cause of:
a.
Cerebrovascular accident (stroke)
b.
Concussion
c.
Multiple sclerosis
d.
Myasthenia gravis
e.
Epilepsy
21. Fainting:
a.
Shingles
b.
Hypesthesia
c.
Ataxia
d.
Syncope
e.
Palsy
22. Spina bifida is associated with:
a.
Poliomyelitis
b.
Meningomyelocele
c.
Multiple myeloma
d.
Hyperkinesis
e.
Narcolepsy
23. Parkinson disease is characterized by:
a.
Shuffling gait
b.
Cerebellar ataxia
c.
Bell palsy
d.
Herpes zoster infection
e.
Narcolepsy
24. Disorder of reading, writing, and learning:
a.
Epilepsy
b.
Apraxia
c.
Bradykinesis
d.
Neurasthenia
e.
Dyslexia
25. Condition of no nervous sensation:
a.
Analgesia
b.
Anencephaly
c.
Anesthesia
d.
Huntington disease
e.
Alzheimer disease
26. Pertaining to fainting:
a.
sincopal
b.
syncopal
c.
sinkaple
27. Abnormal sensation:
a.
paresthesia
b.
parasthesia
c.
parasthezia
28. Relieving, but not curing:
a.
pailiative
b.
paliative
c.
palliative
29. Peculiar symptoms appearing before more definite symptoms:
a.
aura
b.
aurra
c.
hora
30. Within the meninges:
a.
intrathecal
b.
interthecal
c.
intrathekal
31. Essential cells of an organ:
a.
parenchymal
b.
parenchymel
c.
parencyhmal
32. Space between nerve cells:
a.
sinapse
b.
synnapse
c.
synapse
33. Part of the brain that controls muscular coordination:
a.
cerebellum
b.
serabellum
c.
serebellum
34. Manner of walking:
a.
gate
b.
gaite
c.
gait
35. Loss of mental capacity:
a.
demenshea
b.
dementia
c.
dementsha
1. Blood vessels (capillaries) that selectively let certain substances enter brain tissue and keep
2. Type of glial (neuroglial) cell that transports water and salts from capillaries
3. Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord
4. Neurotransmitter chemical released at the ends of nerve cells
5. Microscopic fiber that carries the nervous impulse along a nerve cell
6. Carries messages toward the brain and spinal cord from receptors
7. Lower portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord
8. Part of a nerve cell that contains the nucleus
9. Middle layer of the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord
10. Contains nerves that control involuntary body functions or muscles, glands, and internal
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a.
acetylcholine
b.
c.
d.
astrocyte
e.
axon
g.
h.
brainstem
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OBJ: Learn anatomy and physiology of the nervous system.
Match the following vocabulary terms with their meanings.
11. Motor nerve that carries messages away from the brain and spinal cord
12. Largest part of the brain
13. Includes the brain and spinal cord
14. Microscopic branching fiber of a nerve cell that is the first to receive a nervous impulse
15. Posterior part of the brain; coordinates muscle movements and maintains balance
16. Glial (neuroglial) cell that lines membranes within the brain and spinal cord; helps form
17. Outer region of the cerebrum; contains sheets of nerves
18. Circulates throughout the brain and spinal cord
19. Thick, outermost layer of the meninges
20. Twelve pairs of nerves that carry messages to and from the brain
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OBJ: Learn anatomy and physiology of the nervous system.
Match the following vocabulary terms with their meanings.
21. Portion of the brain that controls sleep, appetite, body temperature, and secretions from the
22. White fatty tissue that surrounds and insulates the axon of a nerve cell
23. Supportive and connective type of nerve cell; does not carry nervous impulses
24. Membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord
25. Sheet of nerve cells that produces a rounded fold on the surface of the brain
26. Nerve cell that carries impulses throughout the body
27. Collection of nerve cell bodies in the PNS
28. Portion of the brain just above the spinal cord; controls breathing, heartbeat, and size of blood
29. Carries messages away from the brain and spinal cord; efferent nerve
30. Macroscopic, cord-like collection of fibers that carry electrical impulses
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OBJ: Learn anatomy and physiology of the nervous system.
Match the following vocabulary terms with their meanings.
31. Part of the brain anterior to the cerebellum and between the medulla and rest of the midbrain
32. Chemical messenger, released at the end of a nerve cell
33. Essential, distinguishing tissue of an organ or system
34. Thin, delicate inner membrane of the meninges
35. Organ that receives a nervous stimulation and passes it on to afferent nerves
36. Phagocytic glial cell
37. Large, interlacing network of nerves
38. Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord including cranial and spinal nerves
39. Involuntary, autonomic nerves that regulate normal body functions such as heart rate,
40. Glial cell that forms the myelin sheath covering axons
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OBJ: Learn anatomy and physiology of the nervous system.
Match the following vocabulary terms with their meanings.
41. Depression or groove in the surface of the cerebral cortex
42. Connective and supporting tissue of an organ; in the brain, the glial cells
43. Tenth cranial nerve
44. Carries messages toward the brain and spinal cord; afferent nerve
45. Main relay center of the brain
46. Autonomic nerves that influence bodily functions involuntarily in times of stress
47. Spinal nerve extending from the base of the spine down the thigh, lower leg, and foot
48. Agent of change (light, sound, touch) that evokes a response
49. Space through which a nervous impulse travels between nerve cells or between nerve and
50. Canals in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid
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OBJ: Learn anatomy and physiology of the nervous system.
Match the terms with their correct meanings.
51. The connective and framework tissue of any organ
52. Fatty tissue that surrounds and protects the axon of a nerve cell
53. Largest part of the brain
54. Posterior part of the brain; responsible for maintaining balance
55. A type of glial cell
56. Neurotransmitter chemical released at the ends of nerve cells
57. The space through which a nerve impulse passes from one nerve cell to another
58. Inflammation of membranes around the brain and spinal cord
59. Malignant brain tumor
60. Slow movement
61. Lack of muscle coordination
62. Condition of absence of a brain (congenital anomaly)
63. Pertaining to fainting
64. Benign tumor of the membranes around the brain
65. Part of the brain that controls the secretions of the pituitary gland
66. Nervous exhaustion; “lack of nerve strength”
67. Movements and behavior are not purposeful
68. Paralysis of the lower part of the body
69. State of unconsciousness from which a patient cannot be aroused
70. Elevations on the surface of the cerebral cortex
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OBJ: Learn anatomy and physiology of the nervous system.
Match the terms with their correct meanings.
71. A floating clot; mass of material may suddenly block a blood vessel
72. Relieving symptoms, but not curing
73. “Mini”-stroke
74. X-ray record of blood vessels within the brain
75. Mental decline and deterioration
76. Breakage of a blood vessel within the brain
77. Demyelination of tissue around the axons of CNS neurons
78. Paralysis and loss of muscular coordination caused by brain damage in the perinatal period
79. Congenital defect of the spinal column with herniation of the spinal cord and meninges
80. Major convulsive epileptic seizure
81. Malignant brain tumor
82. Elapsing weakness of skeletal muscles (“no muscle strength”); autoimmune condition
83. Collection of fluid in the ventricles of the brain
84. Degeneration of nerves in the brain; occurring in later life and leading to tremors,
85. Manner of walking