CHAPTER 17: LEARNING FROM THE PAST; LOOKING TO THE FUTURE
TRUE/FALSE
1. Technology will soon replace the need for human interaction.
a. True
b. False
2. Managers should encourage reasonable risk taking.
a. True
b. False
3. The gap between the private sector industry and public law enforcement is widening.
a. True
b. False
4. For most users, computers have become part of the environment rather than just tools used for specific
tasks.
a. True
b. False
5. By 2010, one-half of all Americans will be at least 55 years old.
a. True
b. False
6. More than three fourths of the population in developed countries live in cities.
a. True
b. False
7. Unlike the rest of society, policing is trending toward greater specialization.
a. True
b. False
8. In police work, every task can be accomplished better.
a. True
b. False
9. Change is inevitable and should be viewed as opportunity.
a. True
b. False
10. Workplace trends affecting law enforcement are also affecting other professions as well.
a. True
b. False
11. The face of law enforcement remains homogeneous in nature.
a. True
b. False
12. The public to be served in the future will include more one-income families, more two-parent families,
more senior citizens and more minorities.
a. True
b. False
13. In the future, the education and economic gap will narrow, as those at the bottom become less
disadvantaged and dissatisfied.
a. True
b. False
14. New technologies are surpassing the previous state of the art in all fields, including policing.
a. True
b. False
15. It often takes a catastrophe such as the attacks on America on September 11, 2001, to bring about
change.
a. True
b. False
MULTIPLE CHOICE
16. Mid-range futurist thinking involves thinking how far into the future?
a.
2–5 years
b.
5–10 years
c.
10–20 years
d.
50 years
17. According to the theory of the “boiled frog” phenomenon, gradual changes in the environment
__________.
a.
often cause a rapid response
b.
are nothing to worry about
c.
may go unnoticed
d.
are good for morale
18. Futurists believe that __________.
a.
the future is predictable
b.
future outcomes can be influenced by individual choice
c.
the future is predetermined
d.
all of these
19. In the future, the most important skills will be __________ skills.
a.
people
b.
technical
c.
driving
d.
accounting
20. Law enforcement managers tend to focus on the __________ future.
a.
immediate
b.
mid-range
c.
extended-range
d.
distant
21. What is the main difference between police departments of today and decades ago?
a.
doing more with less
b.
more minorities and women
c.
greater restrictions because of feared lawsuits
d.
less pay (when cost of living inflation is adjusted)
22. Surveillance technology will have dramatic impacts, particularly in __________.
a.
combating terrorism
b.
undercover operations
c.
traffic enforcement
d.
organized crime investigations
23. Megatrends 2000 predicted that all except which of the following would become worldwide trends?
a.
moving from institutional help to self-help
b.
moving from facilitators to order-givers
c.
moving from high tech to high tech/high touch
d.
moving from single language to trilanguage
24. According to the American intelligence community, Al Qaeda was more powerful in __________ than
it had been before the so-called “war on terror” began.
a.
2005
b.
2001
c.
2009
d.
2007
25. Which of the following is one of the fundamental premises under which futurists operate?
a.
the future is predictable
b.
the future is not predetermined
c.
future outcomes are predetermined
d.
our behaviors have no influence on the future
26. In futuristic terms, which of the following is the long-range future?
a.
30 to 50 years
b.
5 to 10 years
c.
20 to 30 years
d.
10 to 20 years
27. According to your text, in 2000, Latinos made up 12.6 percent of the U.S. population; by 2050, they
will make up __________.
a.
30 percent
b.
24.5 percent
c.
22.5 percent
d.
40 percent
28. The USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 sets aside the constitutional requirement of a search warrant for
government officials who wish to search someone’s home to thwart __________.
a.
terrorism
b.
meth
c.
organized crime
d.
recidivism among parolees
29. Which of the following was not described in the text as affecting management in the future?
a.
flattening of the organizational hierarchy
b.
more minorities
c.
providing more services with fewer resources
d.
better educated police
30. The National Drug Control Strategy developed several goals designed to help in addressing the drug
problem in the United States. Which of the following is not one of these goals?
a.
education
b.
encouraging border control
c.
community action
d.
treatment
31. As Americans become increasingly concentrated in urban centers, police will be called on to referee
more disputes between __________.
a.
minorities
b.
gangs
c.
haves and have-nots
d.
families
32. All are critical issues included in the Motorola/PERF Critical Issues Series according to your text
except __________.
a.
use of force
b.
management of mass demonstrations
c.
violent crime
d.
all are critical issues
33. When discussing use of force, the key word when using force is what is __________.
a.
used
b.
necessary
c.
observed
d.
in the department policy
34. According to a 2006 report, violent crime is __________.
a.
increasing
b.
decreasing
c.
staying the same
d.
increasing among youth
35. According to a PERF survey in 2007, the number one factor contributing to violent crime is
__________.
a.
drugs
b.
organized crime
c.
teens
d.
gangs
36. The key issue in enforcing federal immigration law is that local departments __________.
a.
are reluctant because of possible lawsuits
b.
lack the manpower to devote to enforcing the laws
c.
officers do not enforce them because they do not agree with the law
d.
none of these
37. Which tactic is not an effective tactic in reducing violent crime according to your text?
a.
community policing
b.
enhanced traffic stops
c.
direct patrols
d.
more officers on patrol
38. Which is not a challenge of law enforcement managers today?
a.
gangs
b.
drugs
c.
property crime
d.
terrorism
COMPLETION
39. People who study the future use __________ , the process of identifying factors likely to “drive” the
environment.
40. __________ is the science of using data from the past to forecast alternatives for the future and to then
select the most desirable.
41. The USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 sets aside the constitutional requirement of a search warrant for
government officials who wish to search someone’s home to thwart possible __________
42. The __________ refers to a classic experiment whose results suggest managers must pay attention to
change in their environment and adapt—or perish.
43. The success of policing increasingly hinges on the ability of agencies to adapt to __________.
44. The concept of unity or __________ of reality suggests that we operate in a “holistic universe.”
45. Research strongly suggests that drug usage and __________ are closely related.
46. __________ is inevitable, and should be viewed as an opportunity.
47. Technical competence used to be most important. Now and in the years ahead, __________ are most
important.
48. Three challenges law enforcement managers faced before the 21st century continue as major
challenges in the 21st century: __________, __________ and __________
PTS: 1
ESSAY
49. Discuss the ways the public will change in the future and the implications for law enforcement.
50. Discuss the role technology will play in the future of law enforcement work.
51. List and discuss the trends that are shaping the future of law enforcement.
52. Discuss what management skills are important now in law enforcement and how that will change in
the future.
53. Discuss how use-of-force issues affect law enforcement personnel today and in the future.
OTHER
54. Megatrends
For each of the following worldwide trends, place an “F” in the blank if we are moving away from it
and a “T” if we are moving toward it.
____ 1a. facilitators
55. ____ 1b. order givers
56. ____ 2a. an information society
57. ____ 2b. an industrial society
58. ____ 3a. forced technology
59. ____ 3b. high tech/high touch
60. ____ 4a. world economy
61. ____ 4b. national economy
62. ____ 5a. decentralization
63. ____ 5b. centralization
64. ____ 6a. self-help
65. ____ 6b. institutional help
66. ____ 7a. hierarchies
67. ____ 7b. networks
68. ____ 8a. north (physically)
69. ____ 8b. south (physically)
70. ____ 9a. long-term orientation
71. ____ 9b. short-term orientation
72. ____ 10a. either/or orientation
73. ____ 10b. multiple options
