One of the primary differences between interrogating criminal suspects and suspected
terrorists, which impacts whether the interrogation techniques are legal is:
a. the suspected terrorist will most likely be a noncitizen and the criminal suspect most
likely be a citizen.
b. the terrorist suspect may be detained outside the U.S. and the criminal suspect is in
the U.S.
c. law enforcement officers question criminal suspects and intelligence officers question
suspected terrorists.
d. for criminal suspects the issue is whether a confession is admissible in court to
establish guilt; for terrorists suspects the issue is getting information to prevent a future
attack.
In private Bail Bonds, the bond agency charges usually 10%. Which of the following is
TRUE?
a. The defendant forfeits the 10% upon appearance, but forfeits the whole amount if
they do not appear.
b. The defendant must pay the 90% balance prior to trial.
c. The defendant must pay the 90% balance upon sentencing.
d. The defendant’s bail deposit is returned if they appear in court.
The conflict over the fundamental fairness and incorporation doctrines were clear in
Rochin v. California (1952).
a. True
b. False
In U.S. v. Robinson (1973), the police had stopped the defendant for driving with a
revoked driver’s permit. The Supreme Court’s ruling with respect to the legality of the
search of the defendant is important because it held that:
a. a search incident to arrest may be conducted only where there is probable cause that
the arrestee has weapons or evidence on his person.
b. a search incident to arrest may be conducted only where there is reasonable
suspicion.
c. a search incident to a full custody arrest may be conducted regardless of the
likelihood of finding weapons or evidence on the arrestee’s person.
d. a search may not be conducted incident to an arrest for a traffic offense.
The U.S. Supreme Court decides to review a case on a writofcertioraribased on:
a. the “rule of four.”
b. a majority vote.
c. a unanimous vote.
d. the decision of the Chief Justice.
Categorical suspicion:
a. can be sufficient in itself to amount to reasonable suspicion
b. can be sufficient as long as the category in which the suspect falls is not based on
race or ethnicity
c. can be one of the factors in the entire picture of reasonable suspicion
d. is sufficient in itself if officers can establish the stop occurred in a high crime area
During the Warren Court era of the Supreme Court, the Court:
a. took a narrow view of the Habeas CorpusAct of 1867.
b. took a broad view of the Habeas CorpusAct of 1867.
c. declared the Habeas CorpusAct of 1867 unconstitutional.
d. did not decide any cases dealing with the Habeas CorpusAct of 1867 .
Which evidence is protected by the Fifth Amendment?
a. Weapons
b. Statements
c. Appearance in a lineup
d. Fingerprints
Sneak-and-peek warrants became part of a federal statute in:
a. the Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968.
b. the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1979.
c. the U.S. Patriot Act of 2001.
d. the Terrorist Surveillance Program.
Which of the following is NOT one of the aims of criminal punishment that mandatory
minimum sentences attempt to satisfy?
a. Retribution
b. Rehabilitation
c. Incapacitation
d. Deterrence
General warrants, or writs of assistance, as they were known in Britain and in the
American colonies:
a. gave officers blanket authority to completely search a particular shop or home.
b. found favor in the American colonies because they were more restrictive than a
warrantless search.
c. gave the person with the writ authority to enter any house for the entire life of the
monarch.
d. were repealed in the American colonies by the Stamp Act.
In Colorado v. Connelly (1986), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that Connelly’s
confession was voluntary even though his serious mental illness led him to believe God
ordered him to “confess or commit suicide.”
a. True
b. False
With regard to a prisoner’s expectation of privacy, the court has ruled that prisoners
have:
a. rights to privacy equal to a free man.
b. absolutely no rights to privacy whatsoever.
c. a substantially reduced expectation of privacy.
d. only those rights that are given at the discretion of the prison administration.
Stop and frisks impact a greater number of people than those actually arrested.
a. True
b. False
In the U.S. Supreme Court case Atwater v. City of Lago Vista, the Court held that:
a. citations are the sole way for law enforcement to deal with misdemeanor offenders.
b. arrests are permitted only for felony offenses, with no exceptions.
c. the Fourth Amendment authorized a police officer to make a full custodial arrest for
committing a fine-only criminal offense in his presence.
d. deadly force can be used for misdemeanor offenders.
Which doctrine holds that illegally seized evidence can be introduced at trial if the
poisonous connection between the illegal police actions and the evidence weakens
sufficiently?
a. The attenuation exception
b. The independent source exception
c. The inevitable discovery exception
d. The fruit of the poisonous tree exception
Selective incorporation means:
a. the state legislatures can select which provisions in the Bill of Rights to incorporate.
b. only some of the Bill of Rights are incorporated into the due process clause of the
Fourteenth Amendment.
c. only the Fourth and Fifth Amendments are incorporated into the due process clause
of the Fourteenth Amendment.
d. state supreme courts shall decide which provisions in the Bill of Rights their states
should incorporate.
Which case allowed the right to counsel for “indigents” for felonies?
a. Bell v Wolfish
b. Mapp v Ohio
c. Gideon v Wainwright
d. Terry v Ohio
To do a body cavity search at an international border, which of the below is needed?
a. Probable cause
b. Reasonable suspicion
c. Individualized suspicion
d. A written set of procedures
Judges are responsible for exercising a peremptory challenge to strike potential jurors.
a. True
b. False
Diversion involves which of the following activities?
a. Diverting suspects into treatment programming as a measure to avoid trial and it may
involve a conditional dropping of charges.
b. Assigning 24 hour oversight of offenders with a history of two or more offenses
because of jail overcrowding.
c. Ensuring that parolees are able to divert funds into a savings account for paying fines.
d. Sending the convicted offender to jail by diverting him first to a work program.
When a court refers to past cases to back up its reasons and decisions in the case
currently before it, the prior decisions are called:
a. procedural history.
b. court opinions.
c. precedent.
d. majority judgments.
Plea bargaining that involves the exchange of a guilty plea for a reduction in either the
number or severity of criminal charges is known as:
a. sentence bargaining.
b. charge bargaining.
c. fact bargaining.
d. a negotiated plea.
According to the Supreme Court’s decision in New Jersey v. T.L.O., involving the search
of a student’s purse, school officials (at least those officials supervising students junior
high age or younger) may search the possessions of a student under their authority:
a. only with a search warrant.
b. based on probable cause that the student has broken the law or a school regulation.
c. based on reasonable suspicion alone.
d. without a warrant at any time, for any reason, and without individualized suspicion.
A habeas corpus proceeding is not a separate proceeding from a defendant’s criminal
case.
a. True
b. False
The total incorporation doctrine:
a. leaves the states more freedom to determine their own procedures than the
fundamental fairness doctrine.
b. means that the equal protection clause incorporates the provisions in all of the Bill of
Rights relating to criminal procedure.
c. would incorporate in total those rights in the Bill of Rights that are “implicit in the
concept of ordered liberty.”
d. means that the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment incorporates the
provisions in all of the Bill of Rights relating to criminal procedure.
Which of the following is NOT one of the requirements to satisfy the Fourth
Amendment’s warrant requirement?
a. Reasonable suspicion
b. Particularity requirement
c. Probable cause affidavit
d. Knock-and-announce rule
Show-ups are less reliable than lineups.
a. True
b. False
Frank is an inmate at Greensburg State Prison and he has just had a contact visit with an
old friend. Before Frank returns to his cell, prison guards subject Frank to a strip search.
Such a search is:
a. constitutional, because prisoners have a diminished expectation of privacy and there
is an important government need to maintain prison security.
b. constitutional, because prisoners forfeit all Fourth Amendment rights.
c. unconstitutional, unless prison officials have reasonable suspicion to think they will
find contraband or evidence of a crime on Frank.
d. unconstitutional, unless prison officials have probable cause to think they will find
contraband or evidence of a crime on Frank.
A factor that the court can consider in deciding a motion for change of venue include is:
a. trials at a distant location place a burden on the witnesses.
b. the courts in the community where the crime occurred are busy.
c. the prosecutor’s office in the community where the crime occurred is shortstaffed.
d. the police in the community where the crime occurred want the trial to remain in
their jurisdiction.
According to Pinder v. Johnson, involving a lawsuit by a mother against a police officer
and others for the death of her children in a fire:
a. public officials owe private citizens the right to protect them from damage from one
another.
b. a violation of clearly established law is not recoverable.
c. the due process clause does not require government actors to affirmatively protect
life.
d. an affirmative duty to protect life can never arise on the part of government officials.
In determining the reasonableness of airport searches, courts have:
a. not ruled on this matter.
b. held they entail minimal intrusions that apply to all passengers.
c. considered them to be private searches.
d. held that airports may conduct such searches to protect public safety, but the fruits of
the searches are inadmissible at a criminal trial.
The ________Administration declared that most of the detainees captured in the war in
Afghanistan were unlawful enemy combatants.
Discuss show-up identification procedures and problems related to them.
Information gathering about the enemy is called __________.
The totality of circumstances in each case has to demonstrate that before suspects
talked, they knew they had their Miranda rights and that they were giving them up in
order to pass’ the ________test.
Summarize the limits on the rights of offenders at sentencing, and explain the reasons
for the limits.
The requirement that law enforcement officers follow written, departmental procedures
when conducting inventory searches is called the __________________.
The concept that a search requires a physical invasion into a constitutionally protected
area is called the ______doctrine.
Voluntary and knowing searches require neither a warrant nor ___________.
The right to a speedy trial is guaranteed in the _______Amendment.
A _______is a defendant in a noncriminal case.
Explain the constitutional right to bail. Identify three constitutional rights our bail
system denies to poor defendants, and explain how each is denied.
Identify the three provisions in the U.S. Constitution that govern police interrogations
and confessions.
List six characteristics of constitutionalism.
Identify and describe the balance of values at the heart of our constitutional democracy
and explain how and why that balance is flexible.
The three justifications for the exclusionary rule are the constitutional justification, the
deterrence justification, and the __________justification.
The pretrial detention of dangerous suspects who pose a threat to community safety is
called ______________.
When can profiles be used in building reasonable suspicion?
The standard of proof necessary to convict a defendant is ________________.
A written, sworn statement submitted to a magistrate by a police officer seeking an
arrest or search warrant is called a(n) ________.
A person running an identification procedure who does not know the suspects is called
a/n ___________.