A(n) _________ is the physical detention of a suspect.
a. information
b. arrest
c. warrant
d. indictment
Police have broad discretion on the use of deadly force.
a. True
b. False
In what case did the U.S. Supreme Court decide that the plain view doctrine permits the
officers to notice and use as evidence the items that are visible to them when they are in
a location that they are permitted to be in?
a. Coolidge v. New Hampshire (1971)
b. Hester v. U.S. (1924)
c. Minnesota v. Dickerson (1993)
d. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
Correctional officers can gain cooperation from prisoners through rewards and
punishments.
a. True
b. False
Procedural due process requires that the constitutional rights of criminal defendants
must be respected.
a. True
b. False
Micah was approached by a fellow officer concerning possible corruption within their
department. Apparently, two officers have been selling confiscated drugs on the streets.
Micah reviewed both officers’ cases and noticed that their arrests for drug crimes were
down significantly. Both officers have also recently been receiving complaints from the
community. Micah dreaded what was about to happen to their department.
Micah most likely works for which unit in the police department?
a. Special Victims Unit
b. Homicide
c. Vice
d. Internal affairs
Scholars often view public defenders as generally better than assigned counsel because
public defenders are full-time government employees who are specialists in criminal
law.
a. True
b. False
After the 1960s, most courts maintained a “hands-off” policy with respect to
corrections.
a. True
b. False
Wrongway houses are transitional facility for soon-to-be-released inmates.
a. True
b. False
Which Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court began to create exceptions to the
exclusionary rule?
a. Earl Warren
b. Warren Burger
c. Harlan Stone
d. William Howard Taft
Only about 1% of habeas corpus petitions are successful.
a. True
b. False
Grant has recently been released from a state prison after the successful of his sentence
for drug crimes. He has made a promise to himself that he will not go back to prison
and will try to do everything he can to reintegrate back into the community. Grant
would really like to vote in the upcoming election; however, he has been informed that
it will not be possible, at least for this election. Grant also has had a difficult time
finding employment. It seems that most employers just do not want to take a chance on
someone with a record.
Grant’s reentry into society was made easier by his participation in a
a. state prison release commissioner home
b. parole board release program
c. juvenile detention facility
d. reentry preparation program
Which of the following is not an operational unit of police departments?
a. Traffic
b. Patrol
c. Vice
d. Courts
Eric has just been sentenced to a short term to be served within the community. He
knows his crime was a mistake and considers this experience to be the first and the last
time he will be involved with the criminal justice system. He plans to do everything that
he is required to do and make this time go by as easily as possible.
The presiding judge received a ______ report from a probation officer and so had a
sense that Eric would not pose a risk to the community.
a. sentencing
b. probation.
c. presentence
d. sentencing guideline
Community prosecution
a. is similar to the crime control model of law enforcement.
b. gives prosecutors responsibility for specific neighborhoods.
c. gives prosecutors limited access to police.
d. is an impersonal method of prosecution compared to current systems.
What is the youngest age at which a juvenile can be waived to adult court in the United
States?
a. 10
b. 12
c. 13
d. 14
Attitudes of judges factor into sentencing decisions.
a. True
b. False
Warden Campbell is having a difficult time recruiting qualified correctional officers. He
has also had a difficult time maintaining job satisfaction among his current employees.
He is working with other wardens within the state to review possible incentives for all
correctional staff. He has found that there is a huge shortage of staff members who
would be considered minorities, including women.
Which is not a way that Warden Campbell can encourage current employees to continue
employment?
a. Offering promotions
b. Increasing training
c. Increasing pay
d. Increasing hours
The goal of deterrence assumes that criminals are rational beings.
a. True
b. False
Dylan will be teaching an in-service for a group of officers tomorrow to review the
use-of-force continuum. A nearby department recently had an officer fire upon an
unarmed suspect, which left the community enraged. Dylan plans to pay particular
attention to those methods that are considered less lethal to avoid a similar tragedy in
his department.
Dylan needs to make sure the officers realize that when police officers exceed the level
of force permissible, it is considered
a. less lethal.
b. nonlethal.
c. continuum force.
d. excessive use of force.
Weapons such as pepper spray and air-fired beanbags or nets that are intended to
incapacitate a suspect without inflicting serious injuries are known as _________
weapons.
a. lethal
b. less-lethal
c. nonlethal
d. brutality
Sherry is a 40-year-old white female who frequently participates in prostitution to earn
money for her crack habit. She was raised in a single-parent home and has been selling
herself for the last 18 years. She has been arrested several times and has no hope that
she can make a better life for herself.
Sherry willingly participates in prostitution and feels as though her actions should not
be considered criminal. Which type of crime does Sherry participate in?
a. Victimless crime
b. Political crime
c. Occupation crime
d. Organized crime
Dylan will be teaching an in-service for a group of officers tomorrow to review the
use-of-force continuum. A nearby department recently had an officer fire upon an
unarmed suspect, which left the community enraged. Dylan plans to pay particular
attention to those methods that are considered less lethal to avoid a similar tragedy in
his department.
Which court case will Dylan spend significant time discussing in regard to the use of
deadly force?
a. Tennessee v. Garner
b. Mapp v. Ohio
c. Gideon v. Wainwright
d. Miranda v. Arizona
Which type of police officers account for two-thirds of all sworn officers?
a. Detective
b. Traffic
c. Juvenile
d. Patrol
Which is a factor that increases the power of prosecutors?
a. Many of their decisions are hidden from public view.
b. They must have a judge sign off on any decision to drop a case.
c. They are dependent on the defense attorney for witness statements.
d. Jurisdictional boundaries are sometimes confusing.
Which type of criminology uses science to study the body, mind, and environment of
the offender?
a. Classical
b. Neoclassical
c. Positivist
d. Victimology
Which is not a characteristic of the SARA strategy for problem solving?
a. Scanning the social environment to identify problems
b. Analysis of the problem by collecting information
c. Response to the problem by developing and employing remedies
d. Assessment of the solutions to make addition recommendations
According to the diagram, which two courts can appeal directly to the Supreme Court
of the United States?
a. District courts and courts of limited jurisdiction
b. Circuit courts of appeals and trial courts of general jurisdiction
c. Circuit courts of appeals and appellate courts of last resort
d. Intermediate courts of appeals and district courts
The U.S. Constitution explicitly includes criminal justice among the powers of the
federal government.
a. True
b. False
A statistical summary of crimes reported to the police is known as the
a. NCVS.
b. dark figure of crime.
c. UCR.
d. NIBRS.
Which is not an example of a civil disability that can be placed on an ex-felon?
a. Restrictions in terms of employment
b. Denial of the right to vote
c. Denial of the right to hold public office
d. Forfeiture of all constitutional rights
The Anglo-American system of uncodified law, in which judges follow precedents set
by earlier decisions when they decide for new but similar cases, is ______ law.
a. written
b. statute
c. common
d. case
Private prisons are believed to have lower operating costs than state prisons.
a. True
b. False
Juries are always composed of highly educated members of the community.
a. True
b. False
The acronym CODIS stands for
a. Collinear Debate in Serology.
b. Creativity in Other Devices in Seriousness.
c. Convictions of Deviants in Sentencing.
d. Combined DNA Index System.
_______ release is when an inmate has served time equal to the total sentence minus
any “good time.”
Policies developed through guidance from research studies that demonstrate which
approaches are most useful and cost-effective for advancing desired goals are known as
_______________.
If a parolee violates the conditions of his or her parole, parole may be _______.
A(n) _____ sentence is determined by statute and cannot be altered by a judge.
A(n) _____ sentence requires the offender to perform a certain amount of unpaid labor
in the community.
Defense attorneys frequently work with prosecutors to process cases, which is
inconsistent with the idea of an “adversarial” court system. In your opinion, does this
help or harm criminal defendants?
Why is it so difficult for internal affairs units to investigate crimes committed by the
police?
________ includes programs designed to improve the lives of inmates, such as
vocational training, remedial education, and work opportunities.
Based on information contained in your text’s companion website, in Japan, decisions to
release offenders from prison and place them under supervision in the community are
made by _______ parole boards.
_______ crime is defined by the following activities: mooching, bribery, chiseling,
extortion, shopping, shakedown, premeditated theft, favoritism, perjury, and prejudice.
Differential treatment based on race is called ____________________.
If citizens are not free to leave when officers assert their authority to stop someone, this
is considered ____________________.
The next era of policing will likely be focused on ____________________.
Most members of the public believe that prisons are run in a(n) ______ manner.
The procedure by which an administrative record is made of the arrest is called a(n)
____________________.
Discuss how presidential appointments can have an impact on the appointment of U.S.
Supreme Court justices.
Courts that do not try criminal cases but hear appeals of decisions of lower courts are
called __________ courts.
The ________ is a nonprofit organization formed by major law enforcement executives
associations to develop standards for police practices and policies.
Generally, police patrol duties in a democracy are organized to be
____________________.
Crimes that are wrong by nature are called ____________________.