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Test Questions for Criminal Justice Organizations:
Chapter 5
1. Motivation is a value that is rooted from ethnic culture in which is manifested in our
2. The _______ ________ model explains that motivation is a process where both managers
3. The behavioral school of management highlights manager and leader behavior to
4. One of the significant processes within organizational development is designed to
organize large number of people to accomplish specific organizational goals. True or
5. The criminal justice system considers ____ motivation theories as the different type of
A. 8
B. 6
C. 5
D. 3
A. Theory X and Theory Y
B. Achievement-Power Affiliation Theory
C. Equality Theory
D. Expectancy Theory
7. Based on Need Theory the needs of an individual’s revolved around self-esteem, self-
8. In need theory, Maslow explained that human beings have ___ basic needs.
A. 10
B. 4
C. 7
D. 5
9. Based on the realization that needs, can be portrayed in a hierarchical order; under
higher-order needs safety, security and physiological needs are vital? True or False
A. Self-Involvement
B. Self-Esteem
C. Safety and Security
D. Belonging
11. Research suggests that for criminal justice organizations to meet their organizational
12. Who created Theory X and Theory Y?
A. Abraham H. Maslow
B. Frederick Taylor
C. Douglas McGregor
D. Henri Fayol
13. Theory X in motivation theories is based on meeting the needs of individuals in criminal
14. Theory X under motivation theories is used to explain the following assumptions, except?
A. People are lazy
B. People are ignorant
C. People lack ambition
D. People are resistant to change
15. The essential task of management is to arrange organizational conditions and methods of
operation so that people can achieve their own goals by directing their own efforts toward
organizational objectives, are part of what motivation theory?
A. Theory X
B. Theory Y
C. Theory Z
D. None of the above
16. It has been argued that the best form of motivation is attributed by a system of supportive
management due to the satisfaction that is provided in work environment. True or False
17. Which theory of motivation traditionally has been used over several years in criminal
A. Theory X
B. Theory Y
C. Theory Z
D. None of the above
18. The Achievement-Power-Affiliation Theory suggests that people with higher sense of
A. Seek to achieve success through their own efforts and not have their success
attributed to other factors.
B. Work on projects that are challenging but not impossible.
C. Receive identifiable and recurring feedback about their work and avoid situations
where their level of achievement is in question.
D. All of the above
19. Criminal justice employment is highly competitive and tension exists due to the different
levels of achievement, power and affiliation within organizations. True or False
20. This rational motivation approach refers to the amount of effort that is put forth; a
calculated outcome will result?
A. Need Theory
B. Achievement-Power-Affiliation Theory
C. Equity Theory
D. Expectancy Theory
21. ________-Performance Expectancies refers to the belief that a specific level of effort will
22. When police officers work harder to attain a reward from their superiors is an example of
which expectancy theory?
A. Performance-Outcome Expectancies
B. Effort-Performance Expectancies
C. Both A, B
D. None of the above
23. The level of satisfaction and dissatisfaction produced by various outcomes is called:
A. Effort
B. Expectancy
C. Valences
D. Performance
24. Name the motivation theory that states that the motivation level of an individual is
determined by his/her perception of fairness in the workplace and how other employees
are treated by management and the organization?
A. Need Theory
B. Achievement-Power-Affiliation Theory
C. Equity Theory
D. Expectancy Theory
25. Performance-Expectancy is a function of reinforcement and feedback by the
26. _______ are item that are brought into the organization such as age, seniority, training
27. _______ are products of individual effort such as promotion, salary, recognition, and
28. The advantage of union contracts within criminal justice organizations is that it provides:
A. Competition
B. Equality
C. Justice
D. None of the above
29. Which motivation focuses on the fact that management and administration of
contemporary organizations must consider the needs of the employee and, more
A. Theory X
B. Theory Y
C. Theory Z
D. Expectancy Theory
30. Quality Circle programs are made up of a group of employees whose main concern is to
identify, analyze, and recommend solutions to problems relating to the work unit. True or
