Test Questions for Criminal Justice Organizations:
Chapter 14
1. In the 1970’s criminal defendants who suffered from mental illness were becoming a
problem for law enforcement, courts, local jails, and prisons because they were released
2. A community mental health system was created to lock up mental patients in prison that
3. Criminal justice practitioners were both trained to work with criminal offenders and
4. Change in criminal justice organizations occurs after a problem gets everyone’s attention
and it becomes apparent to decision makers that we are not expending our resources
5. The criminal justice workforce is rapidly becoming diverse because of the inclusion of
6. _______ change is inadvertent or unplanned, independent of organization’s control, and
A. Random
B. Purposive
C. Crescive
D. None of the above
7. ________ change results from conscious, deliberate, and planned efforts by
A. Random
B. Purposive
C. Crescive
D. None of the above
8. The ____________ basically gave law enforcement agencies greater authority and ease in
wiretapping, searching homes of suspects, and, in particular greater arrest powers.
A. Patriot Act
B. Federal Reform Act
C. Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Act
D. None of the above
9. A performance gap is when an agency is performing improperly or below capacity and is
recognized by agency executives, personnel, clients, or other constituencies. True or
10. Turnover of personnel will lead to different collective behaviors of organizational
11. Since the rise of computer crimes criminal justice agencies have acquired new techniques
12. _______ _______ is when decision makers have limited knowledge and a finite amount
13. Garbage Can Theory, which suggests that organizational changes are typically less than a
14. Planned Organizational Change consists of a set of activities designed to change
individuals, groups, and organization structure and process. True or False (Answer:
15. Kotter (1996) states that there are steps toward the process of change which include:
A. The leader must develop a vision that relates the results of the change
B. Short term victories must be achieved
C. Successes should become the bases for the next set of short-term wins
D. All of the above
A. Formulating the problem
B. Selecting Objectives
C. Designing Alternatives
D. Collecting data
E. All of the above
17. __________ can be thought of as the systematic application of the concept of planned
18. A lack of clarity about the organization’s mission and goals will make it difficult for the
agency to promulgate policies and procedures and provide training that relates to current
constraints on and expectations of its operational personnel. True or False (Answer:
19. Strict sentences have made it easier for prisons to release inmates who have completed
the majority of their sentence and imprison newer offenders. True or False (Answer:
A. Congruent
B. Clear and known to agency members
C. Means-ends relationships are understood
D. All of the above
21. A natural resistance to change exists in almost all organizations. True or False (Answer:
22. Obstacles and sources of resistance to change must be identified and eliminated or
23. An agency’s modern practices have influenced the traditional values, structure, or
24. Hage and Aiken (1970) found that change ready organizational share the following
A. Low formalization
B. High decentralization
C. High level of job satisfaction among organizational members
D. All of the above
25. Police officers often resort to arrest rates as a benchmark for success. True or False
26. Unions serve as powerful ally in planning and implementing change in criminal justice
27. Innovative policing is preferred by community members versus traditional police
28. ____________ ______________ focuses on the environmental influences of an
29. Organizational development is made up of various objectives which include:
A. To increase incidence of confronting problems rather than ignoring them.
B. To increase the level of personal satisfaction among organizational members.
C. To increase open communication within organization
D. All of the above
30. Fatal remedies are the result of the natural regressive effects of social engineering. True