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Test Questions for Criminal Justice Organizations:
Chapter 10
1. The types of power used depend on the tasks and functions of the particular unit. True or
2. __________ is one of the most difficult concepts to define because of the several
3. What is important for criminal justice agencies is that they accomplish their tasks in an
efficient manner while at the same time meeting the demands of the public. True or False
4. Sykes discussed that a “defect of social power” in correctional institutions is when
5. Power that is legitimized over time becomes characterized as __________. (Answer:
6. Power is not based on coercion or compliance it is used to emphasize organizational
7. _____________ authority vested in the position a person holds and that has a long
8. _____________ authority is founded in the personal attributes or actions of a particular
9. _____________ authority is based on an appeal to the formal rules and regulations of an
10. According to French and Raven (1968) there are _____bases of power in all
11. In order to experience power in an organization; there is no power unless it is expressed
12. Power _________ receives the power and power ________ expresses the power.
A. Reward, Sanction
B. Holder, Recipient
C. Enforcer, Submissive
D. None of the above
13. __________ power is based on the power recipient’s perception that the power holder
can grant some type of reward or remuneration for compliance with order or commands.
14. _________ power is exercised when a power holder is able to influence a power recipient
to do something based on the power recipient’s internalized belief. (Answer:
15. _________ power is based on the power recipient’s perception that failure to follow
16. Referent power is the identification of the power holder with the power recipient. True or
17. __________power is based on the power recipient’s belief that the power holder has a
A. Coercive
B. Legitimate
C. Expert
D. Referent
18. Having power can be described as the ability to control information essential for
19. _____________________ conformity without internalization of norms. (Answer:
20. _____________________ conformity and internalization of norms. (Answer:
21. Stojkovic (1984) found five types of social power among prisoners, which is not a social
A. Coercive
B. Referent
C. Provisions of resources
D. Language
22. Political behavior may be defined as any action by a criminal justice worker that
23. The political process is used, both legitimately and illegitimately, by criminal justice
24. _________________ is predicated on the ideas of manipulation and deceit. (Answer:
25. _________________ refers to an individual’s ability to control his or her fate within an
26. People with a high ___________________ believe they are able to control and influence
27. Individuals with high propensity for risk taking enjoy taking risks and acting out the
A. The exercise of legitimate, charismatic, and expert power leads to employee
acceptance
B. Reward and coercive power may lead to acceptance if the power is used for some
legitimate purpose
C. Reward and coercive power may lead to two dysfunctional effects learned
helplessness and resistance.
D. All of the above
29. The high turnover in many police departments can be tied to the types of power exercised
30. Effective criminal justice administration means being sensitive not only to the political
demands of external interests, but showing concerns for the constraints and difficulties
