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1. Categorizing every individual with one of only two gender identities ignores the complex reality of gender
categories in some societies. A number of populations have alternative or:
a.
second genders.
b.
third genders.
c.
first genders.
d.
non-genders.
ANSWER:
b
2. The one characteristic that is not listed as part of the all-American male image is:
a.
he doesn’t recognize bodily cues that may signal danger.
b.
he tends to have many close male friends.
c.
he does not disclose himself to women.
d.
he feels he must be continually active, aggressive, assertive, and striving.
ANSWER:
b
3. A man tends to show his affection by being:
a.
emotionally available.
b.
vulnerable.
c.
androgynous.
d.
a “good provider.”
ANSWER:
d
4. Because a man would find the range of feelings to be terrifying, he has unconsciously sealed off most of his
feelings in an attempt to:
a.
protect his inner self.
b.
be vulnerable.
c.
avoid human contact.
d.
come across to others as mysterious.
ANSWER:
a
5. Traditional male roles:
a.
are completely unhealthy for both men and women.
b.
are a part of the social fabric that will never change.
c.
may be satisfying for some men and may not need to be changed.
d.
must be discarded if men hope to be healthy and happy.
ANSWER:
c
6. __________ has been described as a precarious social status that is difficult to achieve yet can easily be lost
or taken away.
a.
“Macho male”
b.
Manhood
c.
A male role
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d.
Parenthood
ANSWER:
b
7. Concerning men, all of the following are true statements EXCEPT:
a.
Men are more likely than women to engage in more than 50 behaviors associated with an increased
risk of injury, disease, and death.
b.
There is an increased interest in men’s consciousness-raising workshops.
c.
There is a trend for men to cling more steadfastly to traditional male roles.
d.
More men are exploring the impact of their relationship with their father on their current behavior.
ANSWER:
c
8. Typically, if women do strive toward career aspirations, they:
a.
also carry the responsibilities of parent and spouse.
b.
do not feel pressure to carry out family responsibilities.
c.
decide not to marry or to have a family.
d.
are able to hire household help so they can devote the time they need to be successful in their careers.
ANSWER:
a
9. Which of the following is a typical feminine stereotype?
a.
possessing an aggressive and independent spirit
b.
tendency to be rational rather than emotional
c.
decisiveness and tactfulness
d.
passivity and dependent
ANSWER:
d
10. Joan is unhappy in her role as a housewife although she is indecisive about making a change in her life.
When challenged by her husband regarding her unwillingness to explore her options, she becomes emotional
and resorts to tears. Joan’s situation is an example of:
a.
a traditional, feminine gender-role stereotype.
b.
androgyny.
c.
the self-fulfilling prophecy.
d.
the animus.
ANSWER:
a
11. __________ is societal norms for gender ideals that are often contradictory, inconsistent, and unattainable,
and do not prepare a man for developing and maintaining nurturing relationships—something many men miss
all their lives.
a.
Gender-bias
b.
Gender-stereotyping
c.
Gender-role transcendence
d.
Gender-role strain
ANSWER:
d
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12. The changing structure of gender relations has:
a.
altered what women expect of themselves and the role that men play in women’s lives.
b.
made it possible to use previous generations as a model.
c.
led to the conclusion that the traditional division of labor between the sexes is natural and inevitable.
d.
led to the switching of roles.
ANSWER:
a
13. Concerning women and work, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a.
The number of women looking to an occupation outside of the home as a major source of their
identity is decreasing.
b.
Occupational options for women are increasing.
c.
Many women work not only out of choice but also out of necessity.
d.
Several studies have demonstrated that women’s lives are enhanced by employment.
ANSWER:
a
14. Women who make the choice to find their fulfillment primarily through the roles of wife, mother, and
homemaker do so mainly because they:
a.
feel that they cannot enter the world of work.
b.
want to devote most of their time to their family.
c.
are fearful of balancing both a career and family.
d.
have no sense of identity outside of their homes.
ANSWER:
b
15. Ideally, a woman will learn that she:
a.
doesn’t need anyone and can make it entirely on her own.
b.
can achieve independence, exhibit strength, and succeed while at times being dependent and in need
of nurturing.
c.
will hear “inner voices” that will guide her towards total autonomy.
d.
will forfeit marriage and children until her career is on the decline.
ANSWER:
b
16. Traditional gender stereotypes categorize women as having all the following traits EXCEPT for being:
a.
passive.
b.
dependent.
c.
independent.
d.
unaccomplished.
ANSWER:
c
17. The alternative to living according to a stereotype is to:
a.
accept the roles and expectations that have been imposed on us as children.
b.
become totally independent without relying on others for support.
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c.
realize that we can actively define our own standards of what we want to be like as women or as men.
d.
acquire all the characteristics of the opposite sex.
ANSWER:
c
18. George is able to exhibit high levels of characteristics generally associated with both males and females.
This is an example of:
a.
synergy.
b.
androgyny.
c.
animus.
d.
anima.
ANSWER:
b
19. Androgyny refers to:
a.
a reversal of roles.
b.
a person’s flexibility in gender-role behaviors.
c.
one’s sexual orientation.
d.
people who are low in both stereotypical masculine and feminine traits.
ANSWER:
b
20. According to Jung, the notion that accounts for the masculine dimension of a woman’s personality is the:
a.
persona.
b.
shadow.
c.
anima.
d.
animus.
ANSWER:
d
21. Jung developed the notions of the animus and the anima, which refer to:
a.
the masculine and feminine psychological characteristics.
b.
achieving individuation.
c.
the dark side of personality, which is thought to contain the basic and primitive instincts.
d.
the collective unconscious.
ANSWER:
a
22. Monica McGoldrick maintains that traditional gender roles will not change until:
a.
men are willing to become more feminine.
b.
men move toward an androgynous model for living.
c.
we have worked out new equilibriums in relationships that are not based on the patriarchal family
hierarchy.
d.
women become more assertive in refusing to act as they have been socialized.
ANSWER:
c
23. The gender-role transcendence model implies that:
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a.
gender is an efficient means of characterizing traits.
b.
gender is a function of social approval or disapproval.
c.
personality traits should be separated from the individual’s biological sex.
d.
gender-role identity is biological andtherefore difficult to change.
ANSWER:
c
24. Therapy is often viewed by men as:
a.
something that is foreign to the male psyche.
b.
a welcome opportunity for personal growth and self-exploration.
c.
an experience that is reminiscent of their early socialization.
d.
an important journey in life
ANSWER:
a
25. Which of the following statements is NOT true with regard to men’s groups?
a.
Men’s groups can counteract the negative side of male gender-role socialization.
b.
Men’s groups can help members become more stoic in the face of pain.
c.
Men’s groups can help men to modify some of the ways in which they feel they mustlive.
d.
Men’s groups can help members restructure some of the beliefs they have long held.
ANSWER:
b
26. __________, is/are an invisible barrier that prevents many women, and especially ethnic minority women,
from advancing to the highest professional levels.
a.
Unexpressed emotions
b.
Inner judges
c.
Fear of abandonment
d.
Glass ceiling
ANSWER:
d
27. ___________________________ are widely accepted beliefs about females’ and males’ abilities,
personality traits, and behavior patterns.
a.
Sexual values
b.
Sexual discrimination practices
c.
Gender stereotypes
d.
Gender preferences
ANSWER:
c
28. _______________ are considered to be higher in _______________, which suggests they are concerned
with self-interests such as competition and independence.
a.
Women; agency
b.
Men; agency
c.
Women; communion
d.
Men; communion
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ANSWER:
b
29. ________________ are considered to be higher in __________________, which suggests they are
concerned about relationships with other people.
a.
Women; agency
b.
Men; agency
c.
Women; communion
d.
Men; communion
ANSWER:
c
30. __________ include task-oriented behaviors such as assertiveness, rationality, and self-reliance.
a.
Instrumental traits
b.
Expressive traits
c.
Homosexual traits
d.
Heterosexual traits
ANSWER:
a
31. Men are frequently shut off from their emotional selves because:
a.
their partners/spouses drive them to shut down.
b.
they see the subjective world of feelings as being essentially feminine.
c.
they resent their mothers.
d.
they are incapable of accessing their emotions at a deep level.
ANSWER:
b
32. In order to define who they want to be for themselves, men:
a.
may need to conform to or reject traditional gender roles.
b.
will need to embrace traditional gender roles.
c.
will need to reject traditional gender roles.
d.
should not think about gender roles at all and leave the factor of gender out of the equation.
ANSWER:
a
33. Age-old gender roles stemmed from:
a.
the biological need of men to feel a sense of entitlement.
b.
fairy tales.
c.
a need for a division of labor in society.
d.
women’s innermost desires to stay at home.
ANSWER:
c
34. __________ pertain to emotional and social skills, including characteristics such as compassion, empathy,
warmth, and sensitivity to others.
a.
Expressive traits
b.
Instrumental traits
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c.
Homosexual traits
d.
Heterosexual traits
ANSWER:
a
35. __________ involves going beyond the rigid categories of masculine and feminine to achieve a personal
synthesis that allows for flexible behaviors in various situations.
a.
Gender-bias
b.
Gender-stereotyping
c.
Gender-role strain
d.
Gender-role transcendence
ANSWER:
d