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CHAPTER 8
Teenage Pregnancy, STIs, and Risky Sexual Behavior
SUMMARY
The personal, familial, and social challenges related to adolescent sexual activity are
broad-ranging and complex, including pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
including the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome (AIDS), abortion, sexual identity difficulties, childhood molestation and incest,
and sex-related violence. No one chapter can fully attend to the interpersonal,
OUTLINE
The Scope of the Problem: Teen Pregnancy
The Scope of the Problem: HIV and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections
Precursors of Risky Sexual Behavior: Background Characteristics
♦ Adolescent Development
Box 8.1 Daddy’s Girl
Precursors of Risky Sexual Behavior: Media Influences
♦ Television and Other Media
♦ Internet Pornography, Sexual Solicitation, and Sexting
♦ The Positive Potential of Information Technology
Box 8.2 A Sexting Tragedy
Consequences of Early Childbearing
♦ Socioeconomic Consequences
♦ Sexual Antecedent Programs
• Specific Intervention: An Adlerian Model
• Purposiveness of Behavior
• Goals of Misbehavior
o Attention
o Power
o Revenge
Box 8.3 Lying for Revenge
o Assumed Inadequacy
o Summary
♦ Corrective Procedures
o Corrective Procedures for AGMs
o Corrective Procedures for Power
♦ Natural and Logical Consequences
♦ Encouragement
Conclusion
SUPPLEMENTS:
PowerPoint: Chapter 8 Summary Points
ACTIVITIES
1) The summary PowerPoint slides give examples of natural and logical
consequences. Before showing these slides, have students come up with their
own consequences. Have them compare the consequences that they have
identified with the ones on the slides and use that as discussion of logical/natural
consequences.
2) Split students into groups and have them develop a list of media influences on
ESSAY QUESTIONS
1. Explain what influence media has on acceptance of sexual activities. Be sure to
2. How do positive relationships with parents associate with lower teen pregnancy?
3. Explain the three key premises of the Adlerian Model. Illustrate the application of
4. What, if any, are the common elements of the corrective procedures discussed in
this chapter? Illustrate their application by reference to a Case Study from the
text.
5. What are the consequences of early childbearing? Illustrate these by reference to a
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
The following questions conform to the standards required by CACREP, EPAS, and other
accrediting agencies.
1. Teen pregnancy rates declined 18% from 2007 to 2010. This decline is attributed
to:
A. increased use of contraceptives.
B. increased education about STIs and teacher involvement.
C. parental involvement with school programs.
D. higher church attendance amongst youths.
2. What factor does not increase teenagers’ vulnerability to HIV/AIDS?
A. Sporadic condom use
B. Frequent condom use
C. An attitude of invulnerability
D. Multiple sex partners
Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
Answer: B
A-head: The Scope of the Problem: HIV and Other Sexually Transmitted
Infections
3. A 1% chance of acquiring HIV, 30% chance of getting genital herpes, and 50%
chance of getting gonorrhea can happen to a teen girl:
A. with a single act of unprotected sex with an infected partner.
B. having sex with an infected partner using protection.
C. with a sexual partner who has been tested clear for any infections.
D. abstaining from sex.
4. Perceptions of high levels of warmth, love, caring, and connection with parents is
associated with:
A. parents raising their grandchildren.
B. lower teen pregnancy.
C. parents providing teens with contraceptives.
D. teens who feel less stressed about pregnancy.
5. Television and other media are displaying some sort of sexual content what
percentage of the time?
A. One-half
B. Two-thirds
C. One-tenth
D. One-fourth
6. According to Adlerian theory, attention, power, and revenge are often goals of:
A. drop-out students.
B. dominate personalities.
C. teens who feel less significant.
D. misbehavior.
7. A program that focuses on the nonsexual antecedents of teen pregnancy will not
address:
A. poverty.
B. strong vocational aspirations.
C. school detachment.
D. lack of parental connection.
8. Families characterized by poor interpersonal relationships and ineffective
communication often:
A. leave teens with a sense of responsibility.
B. feel that it is the school’s responsibility to provide support and guidance.
C. encourage teens to turn to peers for guidance.
D. are found in lower socioeconomic environments.
9. What percent of teens have sent semi-nude pictures or videos of themselves
online:
A. 50%.
B. 40%.
C. 10%.
D. 25%.
10. School-based interventions for pregnant and parenting adolescents have:
A. significantly decreased the occurrence of repeat births.
B. refused to support parent involvement in intervention programs.
C. stopped funding for programs due to budget cuts.
D. not provided the counselors needed for programs.
11. What is not a nonsexual antecedent of pregnancy?
A. Sexual attitudes
B. Poverty
C. School failure
D. Depression
12. Why does Kirby’s division of intervention programs still have relevance today?
A. The antecedents of teen pregnancy have not changed over the years.
B. His work is still taught.
C. Contraceptives have not improved.
D. Vocational programs are still effective in decreasing sexual activity.
13. Sexual antecedent programs deal with:
A. flirting and pre-sexual behavior.
B. sex itself.
C. alcohol use before sex.
D. drug use before sex.
14. Short, non-interactive videos and computer-based instruction have great effect on
teens’ behavior.
A. True
B. False
15. Purpose is not the same as cause.
A. True
B. False
16. Adler did not develop a concept of:
A. consciousness.
B. mistaken goals.
C. purposive behavior.
D. social interaction.
17. What concept did Dreikurs add to Adler’s analysis?
A. Conscience
B. Consciousness
C. Purposive behavior
D. The goals of misbehavior
18. The purpose of a young person’s attention-getting mechanism is to:
A. attract sexual partners.
B. establish individuality.
C. get adults to pay attention.
D. avoid responsibility.
19. Attention-getting behaviors are always negative.
A. True
B. False
20. What is not a goal that misbehavior may be designed to achieve on the
Adler/Dreikurs model?
A. Power
B. Revenge
C. Sexual appeal
D. Inadequacy
21. Which goal of misbehavior presents the biggest problem?
A. Power
B. Revenge
C. Sexual appeal
D. Inadequacy
22. High school students who identify as gay are:
A. less likely to have engaged in sexual intercourse.
B. more likely to have engaged in sexual intercourse.
C. less likely to have stable partners.
D. more likely to seek revenge on authority figures.
Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
Answer: B
A-head: Precursors of Risky Sexual Behavior: Background Characteristics
23. Students who drop out of school are less likely to:
A. give birth.
B. become pregnant.
C. use contraception properly.
D. start sexual activity early.
24. A close mother-daughter relationship encourages girls to turn to their mothers for
nurturance.
A. True
B. False
25. Girls who are close to their mothers are less likely to abstain from sexual
behavior.
A. True
B. False
