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Page 1
1. The idea of shared responsibility suggests that there is a possible explanation for why a particular person was a crime
victim.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
How Some Victims Contribute to the Crime Problem
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.01 – Discuss the controversy surrounding the concept of
shared responsibility.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
2. In accounting for repeat victimizations, the theory of boost explanation focuses on the offender.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Repeat and Chronic Victims: Learning from Past Mistakes?
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.01 – Discuss the controversy surrounding the concept of
shared responsibility.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
3. Arguments that the victims of a crime might share responsibility with their offenders for what happened due to
facilitation, precipitation, and provocation have been characterized as victim blaming.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Who or What Is to Blame for Specific Incidents?
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.02 – Summarize victim-blaming, victim-defending, and
system-blaming arguments.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
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Page 2
4. Victim defenders challenge whether it is accurate and fair to try to hold the wounded party accountable in any degree
for his or her own injuries or losses.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Who or What Is to Blame for Specific Incidents?
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.02 – Summarize victim-blaming, victim-defending, and
system-blaming arguments.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
5. The victim blaming process starts when an assumption is made that there is something wrong with the victim.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Who or What Is to Blame for Specific Incidents?
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.02 – Summarize victim-blaming, victim-defending, and
system-blaming arguments.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
6. Offender blaming resists any attempt to shift the burden of full responsibility off lawbreakers’ backs and onto the
victims’ shoulders.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Who or What Is to Blame for Specific Incidents?
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.02 – Summarize victim-blaming, victim-defending, and
system-blaming arguments.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
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Page 3
7. The term “facilitation” refers to those situations in which victims carelessly and unknowingly make it easier for a
criminal to commit a theft.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Mistakes Individuals Make: Victim Facilitation
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.03 – Distinguish between victim facilitation, precipitation, and
provocation.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
8. Provocation accuses the loser of being more responsible than the victor for a fight that occurs.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Victim Precipitation and Provocation
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.03 – Distinguish between victim facilitation, precipitation, and
provocation.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
9. Auto theft and burglary are the property crimes most often cited by victimologists who study the problem of
provocation.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Victim Precipitation and Provocation
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.03 – Distinguish between victim facilitation, precipitation, and
provocation.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
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Page 4
10. The first in-depth investigation of what was deemed to be victim precipitation centered on homicide.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Victim Precipitation and Provocation
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.03 – Distinguish between victim facilitation, precipitation, and
provocation.
CVIV.KARM.20.05.07 – Discuss victim precipitation, victim provocation, victim
blaming, victim defending, and system blaming in relation to murder.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
11. The term “subintentional death” has been applied to situations in which victims played a contributory role in their
own demise.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Victim Precipitation and Provocation
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.03 – Distinguish between victim facilitation, precipitation, and
provocation.
CVIV.KARM.20.05.07 – Discuss victim precipitation, victim provocation, victim
blaming, victim defending, and system blaming in relation to murder.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
12. Out of 36 million alarm activations across the country responded to by the police, about 95% were false alarms.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Mistakes Individuals Make: Victim Facilitation
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.04 – Discuss victim facilitation, victim blaming, and victim
defending in relation to burglary.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Remember
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Page 5
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
13. Steal-to-sell operations alter the registration and title documents and vehicle identification number in what is called
jiggling.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Mistakes Individuals Make: Victim Facilitation
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.05 – Discuss victim facilitation, victim blaming, and victim
defending in relation to vehicle theft.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
14. Auto theft is among several crimes for which organized victim-blaming lobbies have developed.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Mistakes Individuals Make: Victim Facilitation
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.05 – Discuss victim facilitation, victim blaming, and victim
defending in relation to vehicle theft.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
15. “Friendly fraud,” that is, identity theft committed by persons known to their victims, appears to be on the decline
among young adults.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Mistakes Individuals Make: Victim Facilitation
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.06 – Discuss victim facilitation, victim blaming, and victim
defending in relation to identity theft.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
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DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
16. Research in the late 1960s by the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence (NCCPV)
concluded that shared responsibility was the least frequent or relevant contributing factor in robberies.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Victim Precipitation and Provocation
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.08 – Discuss victim precipitation, victim provocation, victim
blaming, victim defending, and system blaming in relation to robbery.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
17. Vulnerability is a dimension that refers to a target’s ability to resist and repel an attack.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
The Importance of Determining Responsibility in the Criminal Justice Process
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.09 – Identify factors explaining victimization rates among
different groups.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
18. The equivalent group explanation holds that crime prevention rests upon interventions that are designed to block
criminal opportunities from developing in a particular time and place.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
The Importance of Determining Responsibility in the Criminal Justice Process
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.10 – Describe the impact of beliefs about shared responsibility
on the operations of the criminal justice system.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
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DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
19. Avoidance strategies are actions people take to limit personal exposure to dangerous people and frightening situations.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
The Importance of Determining Responsibility in the Criminal Justice Process
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.11 – Explain the difference between crime prevention and
victimization prevention.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
20. Locking the car doors, activating an alarm, and parking in a well-monitored area are examples of target hardening.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
The Importance of Determining Responsibility in the Criminal Justice Process
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV. KARM.20.05.11 – Explain the difference between crime prevention and
victimization prevention.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
21. In accounting for repeat victimizations, which of the following terms focuses on the offender?
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANSWER:
c
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Repeat and Chronic Victims: Learning from Past Mistakes?
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.01 – Discuss the controversy surrounding the concept of
shared responsibility.
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Page 8
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
22. In accounting for repeat victimizations, which of the following terms emphasizes the vulnerability and attractiveness
of the target?
a.
b.
c.
d.
ANSWER:
d
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Repeat and Chronic Victims: Learning from Past Mistakes?
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.01 – Discuss the controversy surrounding the concept of
shared responsibility.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
23. Responsibility for one’s conduct is a changing concept. Which of the following influences its interpretation?
a.
Social conditions
b.
Political conditions
c.
Cultural conditions
d.
These are all correct
ANSWER:
d
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Who or What Is to Blame for Specific Incidents?
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.01 – Discuss the controversy surrounding the concept of
shared responsibility.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
24. Which of the following is defined as a classification scheme that aids in the understanding of what a group has in
common and how it differs from others?
a.
A typology
b.
A trend
c.
A rate
d.
A profile
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ANSWER:
a
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
The Entire Spectrum of Possibilities: Recognizing Complete Innocence and Full
Responsibility
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.01 – Discuss the controversy surrounding the concept of
shared responsibility.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
25. Which of the following arguments characterizes that the victims of a crime might share responsibility with their
offenders for what happened due to facilitation, precipitation, and provocation?
a.
System blaming
b.
Victim defending
c.
Victim blaming
d.
Offender blaming
ANSWER:
c
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Who or What Is to Blame for Specific Incidents?
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.02 – Summarize victim-blaming, victim-defending, and
system-blaming arguments.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
26. Which of these challenges whether it is accurate and fair to try to hold the wounded party accountable to some degree
for his or her own injuries or losses?
a.
The just world outlook
b.
Victim defending
c.
Victim blaming
d.
Offender blaming
ANSWER:
b
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Who or What Is to Blame for Specific Incidents?
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.02 – Summarize victim-blaming, victim-defending, and
system-blaming arguments.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
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Page 10
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
27. Which of the following is the belief that people get what they deserve?
a.
The just world outlook
b.
Victim defending
c.
Victim blaming
d.
Offender blaming
ANSWER:
a
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Who or What Is to Blame for Specific Incidents?
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.02 – Summarize victim-blaming, victim-defending, and
system-blaming arguments.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
28. Which of the following is NOT an example of a “Technique of Neutralization”?
a.
“That guy was asking for it!”
b.
“They are a bunch of crooks themselves!”
c.
“We should get a medal for this!”
d.
“That person did not deserve this!”
ANSWER:
d
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Who or What Is to Blame for Specific Incidents?
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.02 – Summarize victim-blaming, victim-defending, and
system-blaming arguments.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Apply
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
29. Which of the following resists any attempt to shift the burden of full responsibility off lawbreakers’ backs and onto
the victims’ shoulders?
a.
The just world outlook
b.
Offender defending
c.
Victim blaming
d.
Offender blaming
ANSWER:
d
POINTS:
1
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Page 11
REFERENCES:
Who or What Is to Blame for Specific Incidents?
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.02 – Summarize victim-blaming, victim-defending, and
system-blaming arguments.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
30. Neither the offender nor the victim is the real culprit, according to which of the following?
a.
The just world outlook
b.
System blaming
c.
Victim blaming
d.
Offender blaming
ANSWER:
b
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Who or What Is to Blame for Specific Incidents?
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.02 – Summarize victim-blaming, victim-defending, and
system-blaming arguments.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
31. Which of the following are operations that dismantle stolen cars and sell the parts as if they came from legitimate
salvage and recycling pipelines?
a.
Theft rings
b.
Chop shops
c.
Pawn shops
d.
All of the above are correct.
ANSWER:
b
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Mistakes Individuals Make: Victim Facilitation
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.03 – Distinguish between victim facilitation, precipitation, and
provocation.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
32. Which of the following terms refers to those situations in which victims carelessly and unknowingly make it easier for
a criminal to commit a theft?
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Page 12
a.
Provocation
b.
Precipitation
c.
Facilitation
d.
Curiosity
ANSWER:
c
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Mistakes Individuals Make: Victim Facilitation
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.03 – Distinguish between victim facilitation, precipitation, and
provocation.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
33. Auto theft and burglary are the property crimes most often cited by victimologists who study which of the following
problems?
a.
Provocation
b.
Precipitation
c.
Facilitation
d.
Curiosity
ANSWER:
c
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Mistakes Individuals Make: Victim Facilitation
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.03 – Distinguish between victim facilitation, precipitation, and
provocation.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
34. Which of the following terms is applied to those cases wherein the person killed had been the first to use force by
drawing a weapon, striking the first physical blow during an argument, or in some way initiating violence to settle a
dispute?
a.
Provocation
b.
Precipitation
c.
Facilitation
d.
Penal couple
ANSWER:
b
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Victim Precipitation and Provocation
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
Page 13
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.03 – Distinguish between victim facilitation, precipitation, and
provocation.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
35. Which of the following implies that the loser is more responsible than the victor for the victimization that occurred?
a.
Provocation
b.
Precipitation
c.
Facilitation
d.
Penalization
ANSWER:
a
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Victim Precipitation and Provocation
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.03 – Distinguish between victim facilitation, precipitation, and
provocation.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
36. Which of the following terms has been applied when those who get killed play contributory roles in their deaths by
exercising poor judgment, taking excessive risks, or pursuing a self-destructive lifestyle?
a.
Provocation
b.
Boost explanation
c.
Facilitation
d.
Subintentional death
ANSWER:
d
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Victim Precipitation and Provocation
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.03 – Distinguish between victim facilitation, precipitation, and
provocation.
CVIV.KARM.20.05.07 – Discuss victim precipitation, victim provocation, victim
blaming, victim defending, and system blaming in relation to murder.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
37. By definition, victim-facilitated burglaries are not break-ins, but are which of the following acts?
a.
Robbery
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Page 14
b.
Trespass
c.
Criminal mischief
d.
Vandalism
ANSWER:
b
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Mistakes Individuals Make: Victim Facilitation
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.04 – Discuss victim facilitation, victim blaming, and victim
defending in relation to burglary.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
38. The National Crime Victimization Surveys (NCVS) keep track of categories of household burglaries, including which
of the following?
a.
Unlawful entries
b.
Attempted forcible entries
c.
Forcible entries
d.
All of these categories are correct.
ANSWER:
d
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Mistakes Individuals Make: Victim Facilitation
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.04 – Discuss victim facilitation, victim blaming, and victim
defending in relation to burglary.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
39. Which of the following demographics of the head of household is the most important determinant of whether or not
someone is likely to facilitate a burglary?
a.
Socioeconomic status
b.
Race
c.
Age
d.
Gender
ANSWER:
c
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Mistakes Individuals Make: Victim Facilitation
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.04 – Discuss victim facilitation, victim blaming, and victim
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Page 15
defending in relation to burglary.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
40. Which of the following bear no responsibility because they tried to protect themselves by scrupulously following
crime prevention tips suggested by security specialists to protect personal data?
a.
Conscientious victims
b.
Conventionally cautious victims
c.
Carelessly facilitating victims
d.
Precipitative victims
ANSWER:
a
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Transcending Victim Blaming and Victim Defending: System Blaming
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.06 – Discuss victim facilitation, victim blaming, and victim
defending in relation to identity theft.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Apply
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
41. According to police expert recommendations, in the event of being robbed, which of the of the following should you
do?
a.
Make every attempt to resist the attack.
b.
Do not follow the robber’s instructions.
c.
Voluntarily cooperate more than asked.
d.
Observe the appearance of the robber(s).
ANSWER:
d
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Victim Precipitation and Provocation
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.08 – Discuss victim precipitation, victim provocation, victim
blaming, victim defending, and system blaming in relation to robbery.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Apply
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
42. One theory explaining why some groups suffer higher victimization rates than others calls attention to exact locations,
rather than to the general lifestyles of particular individuals. Which of the following refers to this theory?
a.
The deviant place factor
b.
The equivalent group explanation
c.
The subculture of violence theory
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Page 16
d.
The social ecology of victimization
ANSWER:
a
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
The Importance of Determining Responsibility in the Criminal Justice Process
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.09 – Identify factors explaining victimization rates among
different groups.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
43. Which of the following refers to making an offender’s task more difficult through threat assessment and advanced
planning?
a.
Avoidance strategies
b.
Risk management
c.
Crime prevention
d.
Crime resistance
ANSWER:
d
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
The Importance of Determining Responsibility in the Criminal Justice Process
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.11 – Explain the difference between crime prevention and
victimization prevention.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
44. The number of offenses committed will not drop when targets are hardened because criminal activity simply will be
displaced. This is according to which of the following theories?
a.
The typology of crime facilitation
b.
The valve theory of crime shifts
c.
The carelessly facilitating victims theory
d.
The theory of precipitative initiators
ANSWER:
b
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
The Importance of Determining Responsibility in the Criminal Justice Process
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.11 – Explain the difference between crime prevention and
victimization prevention.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Who or What Is to Blame for Specific Incidents?
QUESTION TYPE:
Essay
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.02 – Summarize victim-blaming, victim-defending, and
system-blaming arguments.
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
45. Which of the following refers to minimizing the chances of being harmed when exposure is unavoidable?
a.
Situational crime prevention
b.
Crime control
c.
Target hardening
d.
Risk-management tactics
ANSWER:
d
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
The Importance of Determining Responsibility in the Criminal Justice Process
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.11 – Explain the difference between crime prevention and
victimization prevention.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
46. Arguments that the victims of crime might share responsibility with their offenders are common in victimology.
Outline and discuss the concepts of victim blaming and victim defending.
ANSWER:
If a victim has taken steps to reduce the risk of victimization, s/he is considered blameless
in the crime. In situations where the crime is a ruse, either for financial gain or to cover up
another crime, the “victim” would be considered responsible. Victim blaming incorporates
those crimes wherein the victim is seen as being somehow involved with the offender in
the commission of the crime. Victimologists describe a three-stage through process with
victim blaming. First, there is the idea that there is something wrong with the victim in
terms of behavior or attitude. Second, these differences are considered the reason for their
victimization. Third, victims are assumed to want to avoid future victimization through
changing their behavior or attitude. The underlying belief to this thought process is a
justification for others in society, a reasoning for why crime would not happen to them:
“She was a victim because she acted carelessly. I don’t act carelessly; therefore, it won’t
happen to me.” The idea of a just world reduces fear of victimization. Victim defending
argues that those who blame victims are overstating the extent to which victims are
generally involved in the crime. In addition, they argue the advice given to reduce
victimization is not realistic given the conditions of, for example, inner-city neighborhoods
HAS VARIABLES:
False
STUDENT ENTRY MODE:
Basic
blaming, victim defending, and system blaming in relation to murder.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Apply
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Analyze
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
47. The notions of victim facilitation, precipitation, and provocation have been derived from the broader theme of shared
responsibility. Outline and discuss each of these concepts. Compare and contrast them.
ANSWER:
Victim facilitation refers to when victims help offenders due to their own carelessness.
People who do not guard their possessions carefully are more apt to be partially blamed for
the crime. For example, leaving a purse completely unattended at a bar provides an
opportunity for a would-be thief to take it and run. This is different from victim
precipitation, wherein a victim is believed to contribute significantly to the crime. This is
common in crimes of violence where there is no clear-cut explanation for how the crime
was ignited. Precipitation stepped up a notch is called provocation. This is a stronger term
of condemnation than the former. Here the injured party is thought to have contributed to
the responsibility of the crime through either challenging the offender or inciting the
violence that ensued in some way. Precipitation and provocation have been used
interchangeably in victimology, which is unfortunate as they are two distinct terms
indicating shared responsibility.
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Victim Precipitation and Provocation
QUESTION TYPE:
Essay
HAS VARIABLES:
False
STUDENT ENTRY MODE:
Basic
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.03 – Distinguish between victim facilitation, precipitation, and
provocation.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
48. Assume a scenario wherein a husband has a long history of physical abuse toward his wife and children. The wife’s
order of protection and previous complaints to the police have not stopped the abuse. One night, the wife shoots the
husband in his sleep. Examine this scenario from the perspectives of “victim blaming,” “victim defending,” and “system
blaming.”
ANSWER:
Victim blaming would argue the wife should have left him when the abuse began. She
facilitated the crime by staying with her abusive husband. Victim defending would argue
no one is to blame for having violent crimes committed against them. System blaming
would take the angle of arguing the criminal justice system did not do its job of protecting
the wife, noting the wife did attempt to stop the violence through the orders of protection
and the complaints to the police.
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Who or What Is to Blame for Specific Incidents?
QUESTION TYPE:
Essay
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
The Importance of Determining Responsibility in the Criminal Justice Process
QUESTION TYPE:
Essay
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
49. Why are some people chronically victimized? How does this tie into the concept of shared responsibility?
ANSWER:
Often the focus for shared responsibility is with victims who have had many experiences
with falling prey to crime. It is not uncommon for offenders to target the same victims
multiple times over a period of time. In fact, being a victim in the past is one of the best
predictors of whether an individual will be harmed again, by the same offender or another
one. The more victimizations one experiences, the higher the probability of future
victimization. Individuals who are chronically victimized tend to hang out in “hot spots,”
which are areas with high crime rates. People who have experienced multiple
victimizations are also those who tend to not learn from past mistakes and routinely do the
same things that made them prone to high risk for victimization to begin with. Analysts
offer two reasons for repeat victimizations. These are boost and flag explanations. The first
looks at offender behavior and how successful crimes tend to dictate the location and
person for the second attempt. For example, a house successfully burglarized is one likely
to be targeted again. Flag explanations focus on victims and refer to vulnerable or
attractive opportunities and targets. For example, taxi drivers are often mugged because
they are an attractive opportunity, as they carry good sums of cash.
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Repeat and Chronic Victims: Learning from Past Mistakes?
QUESTION TYPE:
Essay
HAS VARIABLES:
False
STUDENT ENTRY MODE:
Basic
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.05.09 – Identify factors explaining victimization rates among
different groups.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Analyze
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
50. Briefly define deterrence theory and summarize arguments for and against it regarding offenders. Then summarize
parallel arguments for and against it regarding victims. What is the status of victimology research regarding the questions
raised by these arguments?
ANSWER:
Deterrence theory is based on the premise that swift, sure punishment will deter further
crime. The reasoning is that punishment will dissuade offenders from repeating crimes,
and by their example will also warn would-be offenders not to commit crimes. Arguments
by proponents and opponents of deterrence theory center on whether offenders really do
learn lessons from punishment—for example, imprisonment can actually just educate them
further in criminal behavior—and whether would-be offenders really do learn from
example and avoid crime rationally after considering the possible consequences, or
whether they commit crimes impulsively more often.
This debate addresses victims as well. Experts want to know whether victims learn
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Page 20
HAS VARIABLES:
False
STUDENT ENTRY MODE:
Basic
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV. KARM.20.05.10 – Describe the impact of beliefs about shared
responsibility on the operations of the criminal justice system.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Evaluate
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:58 AM