Counseling Chapter 5 Cacrep Epas And Other Accrediting Agencies Resiliency The Capacity Effectively Manipulate Your

CHAPTER 5

Individual Characteristics of High-Risk and Low-Risk Children and Youth

SUMMARY

In this chapter we highlight an important issue that we emphasize throughout this book:

The problems faced by children and youth are mediated not only by their social, family,

and school environments but also by the skills the children possess—skills they can

develop to overcome their difficulties. One way we can assist young people is by

OUTLINE

 Resiliency

 Factors that Contribute to Resilience

♦ Social Environment

♦ Family Milieu

♦ Individual Characteristics of Resilient Youth

 Skills that Characterize High-Risk Versus Low-Risk Youth: The Five Cs of

Competency

♦ Critical School Competencies

♦ Connectedness

o Communication With Others

o Perspective Taking

o Solving Relationship Problems

♦ Coping Ability

♦ Control

o Decision-Making Skills

 Mindfulness

 Things to Do Chart: Increasing the Five Cs

 Conclusion

SUPPLEMENTS

PowerPoint: Chapter 5 Summary Slides

ACTIVITIES

1) Have students pair up and discuss a habit they have tried to change. How long

did it take for them to make a change? What were the steps involved in this

ESSAY QUESTIONS

1. Explain how resiliency is influenced by both internal and environmental factors.

2. List and describe the five Cs of competency and how they relate to the individual

characteristics of resiliency. Provide an account of how these five Cs could be

3. List and describe each stage of change and explain how this model can help

4. What is meant by “mindfulness”? Drawing on an instance in which you exhibited

5. Outline the three factors that contribute to a person’s having control over his or

her life. What environmental effects might lead to at-risk youth lacking these

three factors? How might they be aided in developing them?

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

The following questions conform to the standards required by CACREP, EPAS, and other

accrediting agencies.

1. Resiliency is the capacity to:

A. effectively manipulate your social environment.

B. give “just enough” at school to pass.

C. adapt and function successfully despite chronic stress and adversity.

D. maintain family responsibilities while still fulfilling your needs.

Answer: C

A-head: Resiliency

2. Family factors that influence resiliency include all but which of the following?

A. Effective parenting strategies

B. Healthy communication patterns

C. Strict rules regarding behavior (such as obedience)

D. Strong parental monitoring

3. Sense of humor, ability to delay gratification, and a future orientation are

examples of:

A. microsystemic characteristics.

B. academic survival skills.

C. protective shields.

D. family stress management.

4. Which of the following is not one of the five Cs of competency?

A. Critical school competencies

B. Concept of self/self-esteem

C. Coping ability

D. Critical of deviant peers’ values

5. Relationship skills of humor, empathy, and the ability to join/leave a group are

part of:

A. connectedness.

B. academic skills.

C. social environment.

D. resiliency.

6. A good outcome in spite of high risk, sustained competence under stress, and

recovery from trauma are all examples of:

A. tipping point.

B. resilience.

C. positive attitudes about self.

D. invulnerable.

7. Decision making skill, ability to delay gratifications, and purpose-in-life skills

(educational, job/career related and life goals) are examples of:

A. control.

B. coping ability.

C. connectedness.

D. concept of self/self-esteem.

8. What are the two important skills in problem solving?

A. Learning family social rules and community interaction

B. Thinking of alternative solutions and understanding the consequences of

behavior

C. Connection with family and group-interaction

D. Developing adequate communication skills and peer relationships

9. The ability to understand the perceptions, thoughts, feelings, and actions of others

is called:

A. integration of social skills.

B. interpersonal problem solving ability.

C. perspective taking.

D. social reasoning.

10. Young people develop individual characteristics of likes and dislikes, talents and

limitations, strengths and weaknesses from within:

A. their unique family and community ecology.

B. interactions with family members.

C. involvement within a sports activity.

D. maintaining church membership.

11. Resilience is:

A. a static trait.

B. influenced by internal factors only.

C. influenced by environmental factors only.

D. influenced by both internal and environmental factors.

12. What is likely a mediating milieu for children who experience many risk factors?

A. The school environment

B. The natural environment

C. Their kinship network

D. Their peers

13. What prevails in the homes of resilient children?

A. Resistance to racism

B. Resistance to oppression

C. Healthy communication patterns

D. Kindship antagonism

14. Self-efficacy relates to:

A. concept of Self alone.

B. critical School Competencies alone.

C. control and Concept of Self.

D. critical School Competencies and Concept of Self.

15. If one has a negative view of one’s self, one has a:

A. negative critical competencies.

B. low self-efficacy.

C. negative self-concept.

D. difficulty with authority.

16. When Allie Andrews becomes distant from her step-father she adjusts her:

A. self-concept.

B. sense of entitlement.

C. sense of kin.

D. expectation of marriage.

17. Communication with others could be subsumed under the concept of:

A. self-concept.

B. critical competencies.

C. connectedness.

D. embeddedness.

18. Humor and altruism can be:

A. genetically modified.

B. taken for weakness.

C. coping skills.

D. exhibited only by children not at risk.

19. Control is related to:

A. personal autonomy.

B. personal heteronomy.

C. aggressive behavior.

D. connectedness.

20. The lack of purpose in life is not connected with:

A. boredom.

B. futility.

C. release.

D. pessimism.

21. Mindfulness originates from Eastern teachings.

A. True

B. False

22. Adult caring relationships are the key to developing resilience in children.

A. True

B. False

23. Increased self-esteem is necessarily linked to academic success.

A. True

B. False

24. The concept of the “tipping point” could be just as useful as that of resiliency.

A. True

B. False

25. Low self-esteem causes low achievement in school.

A. True

B. False