True / False
1. College degrees may have little direct impact on promotion potentials for police officers.
a. True
b. False
2. The average police officer can expect to make between 10 and 15 arrests per month for serious crimes.
a. True
b. False
3. The detective bureau is considered the backbone of policing.
a. True
b. False
4. Creating a feeling of security is one of the major purposes of police patrol.
a. True
b. False
5. Proactive policing is a cornerstone of community policing.
a. True
b. False
Chapter 05 : The Police
6. One reason for investigative ineffectiveness is that there are too many competing interests to solve a case within
the police department.
a. True
b. False
7. Vice squads target violent crime.
a. True
b. False
8. Evaluations of foot patrol indicate that it lowers crime rates.
a. True
b. False
9. Length of investigation is associated with success of investigation operations.
a. True
b. False
10. According to the “broken windows” concept, police need citizen cooperation.
a. True
b. False
Chapter 05 : The Police
11. Most police agencies are administratively conservative due to the time in rank system.
a. True
b. False
12. After assuming their duties, new police recruits are automatically placed in the field to practice what they have
learned in the academy and no additional training is required at that time.
a. True
b. False
13. One of the goals of fusion centers is to create new exams to screen for qualified police applicants.
a. True
b. False
14. Among the most publicized community policing concepts is that of intelligence led policing.
a. True
b. False
15. Crime scene investigation involves the use of complex instruments and of chemical, physical, and microscopic
examining techniques.
a. True
b. False
Chapter 05 : The Police
Multiple Choice
16. As a result of an increase in violent behavior during the 19th Century in America, early Criminal Justice agencies;
a. Rarely worked together in a systematic fashion
b. Worked together to create a seamless process of arrest and punishment
c. Appointed President Lyndon Johnson to the Wickersham Commission
d. Were primarily created in Washington D.C and Virginia
17. Regardless of the size of the policing organization this person has general administrative control and sets policy for
allofthedepartment’soperatingbranches
a. Democratic Appointee b. CompStat
c. Chief of Police d. Chief of Hot Spots
18. How do most municipal police departments determine promotion eligibility?
a. Intelligence testing b. Physical agility
c. Arrest performance d. Time-in-rank
19. The time-in-rank system used in police departments often discourages the:
a. recruitment and hiring of college-educated officers.
b. recruitment and hiring of minority officers.
c. transfer of experienced officers to other departments.
d. use of a military-like organizational structure.
Chapter 05 : The Police
20. More than half of the contact that police officers engage in with civilians is spent?
a. Catching Criminals b. handling traffic related matters
c. Ferreting out drug deals d. Investigating crime
21. UCR data suggests that the average police officer makes less than one felony arrest every ____ months.
a. 2b. 4
c. 6d. 8
22. Which of the following is not one of the major purposes of police patrol?
a. Deter crime through police presence
b. Aid individuals who cannot help themselves
c. Facilitate the movement of traffic and people
d. Issue arrest warrants
23. Jurisdictions that encourage patrol officers to aggressively arrest and detain suspicious persons experience lower
crime rates than other jurisdictions that do not practice this type of policing?
a. Reactive b. Neighborhood Snitching
c. Preventive d. Proactive
24. While there are many goals of patrol, most police experts agree that the majority of police patrol efforts are
devoted to:
a. crime fighting. b. order maintenance.
c. responding to emergencies. d. deterring crime.
Chapter 05 : The Police
25. What was the principle finding of the Kansas City study?
a. It is significant what type of patrol model you implement.
b. There is little evidence that police patrol deters crime.
c. Patrol techniques can have a significant impact on citizens’ attitudes.
d. Patrol techniques can significantly impact citizens’ satisfaction with police.
26. ____ policing is a department policy that emphasizes stopping crimes before they occur rather than reacting to
crimes that have already occurred.
a. Community b. Proactive
c. Deterrent d. Reactive
27. Based on research like the Kansas City study, what is the prevailing wisdom on preventive patrols?
a. The number of patrol cars on the street and their visibility to citizens has little impact on the crime rate.
b. More patrol cars on the street can deter specific types of crime, such as motor vehicle theft and vandalism.
c. Fewer patrol cars on the street results in higher crime rates.
d. Patrol cars should be assigned to a reactive response mode only.
28. Aggressive patrol in New York City during the 1990s has been credited with a reduction in:
a. prostitution b. violent crime
c. drug dealing d. property crime
Chapter 05 : The Police
29. The Kansas City Gun Experiment is an example of:
a. problem-oriented policing.
b. community policing.
c. reactive patrolling.
d. a police crackdown targeting a specific type of crime problem.
30. Which of the following is a method of improving patrol?
a. Aggressive patrol b. Targeting specific crimes
c. Making more arrests d. All of these
31. Thestatement“Aggressivepolicingincreasescommunityperceptionthatpolicearrestmanycriminalsand
thereforemostviolatorsgetcaught”isanexampleofwhat?
a. a deterrent effect b. a proactive effect
c. an aggressive effect d. sheer luck
32. What was a result of the Kansas City Gun Experiment?
a. There was a measurable effect on gun crimes in the target area during the experiment.
b. Assaults on police officers increased in the target area.
c. Gun crimes in the target area marginally increased.
d. Gun crimes were displaced to contiguous beats.
Chapter 05 : The Police
33. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Criminal investigation is a key element of police work.
b. Detectives are often handicapped by limited time, money, and resources.
c. Modern criminal investigators are usually knowledgeable about legal rules of evidence and procedure.
d. All of these statements are true
34. The vice squad specializes in:
a. violent crime b. property crime
c. crimes of public morals d. sex crime
35. What is the term used to describe organized groups of detectives who deceive criminals into openly committing
illegal acts or conspiring to engage in criminal activity?
a. Detective bureau b. Sting operations
c. Community policing d. Proactive patrol
36. InMartinInnes’studyofinvestigationtechniqueshefoundthatpolicerelyheavilyon_________thatincludes
canvas of neighborhoods, interviews with friends/family and constructing victim/suspect timelines to solve a crime.
a. Specific Focus b. General coverage
c. Technology and Crime Mapping d. PERF
Chapter 05 : The Police
37. Which of the following is a commonly cited source of ineffective investigation?
a. Length of investigation
b. Poor sources of information
c. Poor follow-up on initial calls for service
d. All of the above
38. Community policing is often exemplified by which of the following models?
a. Broken windows b. Shattered promises
c. Urban decay d. Urban blight
39. Which of the following is not a fundamental assumption of the broken windows model?
a. Neighborhood disorder creates fear.
b. Neighborhoods can give out crime-promoting signals.
c. Police require citizen cooperation.
d. Reactive patrol is necessary.
40. Which of the following is not a focus of community policing?
a. Order maintenance b. Emergency service
c. Crime fighting d. Problem solving
Chapter 05 : The Police
41. Community oriented policing links police effectiveness to:
a. productive interaction with the community being served.
b. interrelationships between cooperative police agencies.
c. efficient utilization of existing personnel.
d. optimized usage of advanced technology.
42. Which of the following police operations best exemplifies community oriented policing?
a. A sting operation where officers pose as fences of stolen property
b. Creation of a well armed SWAT team trained in hostage negotiation
c. Computerized data terminals installed on the dash of all patrol cars
d. The hiring of bilingual officers to patrol ethnic neighborhoods
43. What have evaluations of foot patrol programs in New Jersey and Michigan demonstrated?
a. The crime rate went down in foot patrol beats.
b. The crime rate went up in foot patrol beats.
c. Officer job satisfaction increased.
d. Citizen attitudes toward the police improved.
44. The concept of hot spots of crime is most closely associated with which model of policing?
a. Community-oriented policing (COP)
b. Neighborhood oriented policing (NOP)
c. Problem-oriented policing (POP)
d. Police-community relations (PCR)
45. What is Operation Ceasefire?
a. A problem-oriented policing program in Boston to get guns off the street
b. A community-oriented policing program in Chicago aimed at auto theft
c. A crime mapping program in Dallas designed to plot gun crimes
d. A civilian review board initiative in New York
Madalyn has just gotten her degree in information systems. After graduation she decides to go to the police
academy. She believes that working for the police and combining her knowledge of computers would be a great
niche field to be in.
46. A job posting for a senior computer technician is posted within the police. With her degree in information systems,
Madalynappliesandissureshewillbewelcomedwithopenarmsintothejob.Themostlikelyreasonshewouldn’t
get the job is because:
a. females are treated differently in policing
b. the time in rank system
c. more women are needed to handle female criminals on the streets
d. patrol is the backbone of the police department
47. Madalyn has always wanted to be police officer. She cannot wait to be on the street and chasing down bad guys. In
her first month on the job, she makes 2 arrests and there were no chases. What is the most logical reason why?
a. females are treated differently in policing
b. police engage in many non-crime related activities
c. investigation is a key role that police officers fulfill
d. according to the UCR, crime rates are decreasing
Chapter 05 : The Police
48. When Madalyn is on patrol, she focuses on stopping motor vehicles and aggressively arresting and detaining suspects
that pose issues to the community. This concept is called;
a. proactive policing
b. selective enforcement
c. full enforcement
d. hot spot policing
49. Madalyn’sdepartmentistryingsomethingnewtofightcrime.Herordersaretomaintainapresenceinthe
community, get to know the business owners and residents and gain their trust. Why would she do this as part of her
police duties?
a. aggressive policing increases crime
b. technology has made the police cold and impersonal
c. police need community cooperation to reduce fear and crime
d. this is the main role of patrol officers
50. What doesn’t Madalyn do as a a patrol officer?
a. arrest suspects
b. ‘handlethesituation’
c. gather evidence
d. order maintenance
Gary is a police officer who is also a forensic scientist. Currently, his job is in the crime lab and includes processing
fingerprints, examining blood spatter evidence and testing evidence for DNA. One day he would like to work for the
civil justice system instead of the criminal justice system.
51. Which duty would Gary perform in civil justice more often than what he does as a criminal forensic scientist?
a. handwriting analysis
b. toxicology
c. trace evidence
d. study law enforcement tactics
52. Although Gary currently works in the crime lab, he has noticed that the role of policing is changing in his
department. He has seen his fellow officers do more patrolling, problem solving and there has been a shift from the
traditionaltopdownmanagementapproach.Whatishisdepartment’sfocusnow?
a. getting back to patrolling as a central function
b. community oriented policing
c. problem oriented policing
d. watchman style policing
53. Gary has been re-assigned to a patrol unit that is focused on reducing youth crime by saturating the area with police
officers. What type of policing has Gary become part of?
a. community oriented policing
b. hot spot policing
c. aggressive policing
d. problem oriented policing
Chapter 05 : The Police
Mackenzie is familiar with the street life. She was a drug dealer who spent time in jail and prison and then cleaned
up her act after she was busted the 3rdtime.Whenshewasin‘thejoint’shelearnedalotfromherfellowinmates.
Now, She spends most of her time hanging out with her friends, some of whom are dealers still. This gives her a
chancetobe“intheknow”butnotintrouble.
54. Mackenzie has been in contact with the police again but this time they want her help. They want to know about a
particular inmate she served time with and the crimes that that inmate committed. What type of policing aligns best
with what Mackenzie will tell the police?
a. order maintenance
b. intelligence led policing
c. problem oriented policing
d. street level drug enforcement
55. Mackenzie has seen with her own eyes how a nice neighborhood can go downhill into disorder and chaos. She is a
product of a neighborhood that once was ok and now is full of deteriorated housing. What would be one lesson that
she has learned from growing up where she did?
a. neighborhood disorder creates fear
b. hot spot policing works in reducing crime
c. Improving response time reduces crime
d. directed policing creates mistrust
56. Most promotions in policing have ____________________ requirements.
57. Designated police patrol areas are called ____________________.
Chapter 05 : The Police
58. ____________________ is another term for the order maintenance function of police.
59. Begun in New York City __________is/was a means of directing police efforts in a more productive way.
60. One aggressive patrol program, known as the ____________________, was directed at restricting the carrying
of guns in high-risk places at high-risk times.
61. ____________________ is an aggressive law enforcement style that emphasizes attacking crimes head-on and in
advance rather than waiting for calls for service.
62. ____________________ are groups of police officers who enforce morality-based laws such as prostitution.
63. A(n) ____________________ is an operation designed to encourage and observe criminal behavior so the
officers can make an arrest.
64. ____________________ policing strategies require police agencies to identify particular long-term community
issues and to develop strategies to eliminate these issues.
65. Forensic means __________________
66. Thestatement“Neighborhoodsgiveoffcrimepromotingsignals”isapointmadeby___________________in
the Broken Windows model.
67. A_________________ involves organized groups of detectives or patrol officers working in plain clothes who
deceive criminals into openly committing illegal acts or conspiring to engage in criminal activity.
68. _________________integrates information from different jurisdictions into a single database that detectives can
access when working on investigations.
69. A well know program, __________________, is a problem oriented policing intervention aimed at reducing youth
homicide and youth firearms violence in Boston.
70. There is empirical evidence that _________ community-oriented policing efforts can reduce disorder and impact the
crime rate.
71. Is the time-in-rank system of police promotion an antiquated practice? What are its advantages and
disadvantages?
72. How does the Hollywood version of policing differ from reality? Can you think of some movies and television
programs which most accurately portray the police?
73. Explain the major purposes of patrol and how patrols can be improved.
74. Elaborate on three reasons why investigations are often ineffective. What can be done to improve investigations?
75. For many years, preventive patrol has been considered one of the greatest deterrents to criminal behavior.
Discuss what the research from the Kansas City study tells us about the relationship between prevention patrol
and crime deterrence.
76. Explain the three key points to Wilson and Kelling’s broken windows model. Elaborate on how the move to
community policing reflects the move from a purely crime-control model to one that encompasses elements of
rehabilitation and restorative justice.
77. Discuss the concept of community policing. How effective have these programs been in reducing crime and
improving community-law enforcement relations?
78. Compare and contrast problem-oriented policing and community policing.
79. Discuss the major problems of community policing strategies.
80. Define forensics and discuss what forensic experts can contribute to police agencies and investigations.