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1. Robbery is thought to be a big-city problem, and this is confirmed by the data.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Addressing Some Troubling Questions
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.01 – Explain differential risks.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
2. Incidence rates measure the number of new victims per 1,000 or per 100,000 persons annually and thereby reveal the
risks that average people face.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
POINTS:
REFERENCES:
QUESTION TYPE:
HAS VARIABLES:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
KEYWORDS:
DATE CREATED:
DATE MODIFIED:
3. A key determinant of the murder rate in any country is the proportion of the population made up of young women.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Focusing on Murders and Near-Death Experiences
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.03 – Compare homicide rates around the world.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
4. The highest murder rates occur in Northern Europe and East Asia.
a.
True
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b.
False
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Focusing on Murders and Near-Death Experiences
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.03 – Compare homicide rates around the world.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
5. Aggravated assault results in serious injuries or involves attacks or threats of harm with a deadly weapon.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
POINTS:
REFERENCES:
QUESTION TYPE:
HAS VARIABLES:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
KEYWORDS:
DATE CREATED:
DATE MODIFIED:
6. The Uniform Crime Report (UCR) keeps records of the annual number of aggravated assaults, while the National
Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) does not.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
POINTS:
REFERENCES:
QUESTION TYPE:
HAS VARIABLES:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
KEYWORDS:
DATE CREATED:
DATE MODIFIED:
7. The Investigative Assistance for Violent Crimes Act of 2013 authorizes the U.S. Department of Justice to look into
attempted mass killings in public places.
a.
True
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b.
False
ANSWER:
POINTS:
REFERENCES:
QUESTION TYPE:
HAS VARIABLES:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
KEYWORDS:
DATE CREATED:
DATE MODIFIED:
8. During 2012, 90 people were killed and 118 were injured in mass shootings.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
POINTS:
REFERENCES:
QUESTION TYPE:
HAS VARIABLES:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
KEYWORDS:
DATE CREATED:
DATE MODIFIED:
9. Aggravated or felonious assaults outnumber the other serious interpersonal crimes of violence (murders, rapes, and
robberies) monitored by the UCR every year.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
POINTS:
REFERENCES:
QUESTION TYPE:
HAS VARIABLES:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
KEYWORDS:
DATE CREATED:
DATE MODIFIED:
10. Profiles are developed to show changes that occur over extended periods of time.
a.
True
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b.
False
ANSWER:
POINTS:
REFERENCES:
QUESTION TYPE:
HAS VARIABLES:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
KEYWORDS:
DATE CREATED:
DATE MODIFIED:
11. Sharp increases in crime rates over several consecutive years are commonly known as crime waves.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
POINTS:
REFERENCES:
QUESTION TYPE:
HAS VARIABLES:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
KEYWORDS:
DATE CREATED:
DATE MODIFIED:
12. A continuous drop in the lethality of assaults since 1960 can be primarily attributed to advances in emergency
medicine.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
POINTS:
REFERENCES:
QUESTION TYPE:
HAS VARIABLES:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
KEYWORDS:
DATE CREATED:
DATE MODIFIED:
13. The murder rate varies substantially by geographic location.
a.
True
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b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
A Victimological Investigation of Murders in the United States
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.05 – Describe the profile of a typical murder victim.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
14. Most murders can be characterized as young adults slaying other relatively young persons.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
A Victimological Investigation of Murders in the United States
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.05 – Describe the profile of a typical murder victim.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
15. Lower-income people fall into a low-risk group of murder, while affluent people are in a higher-risk group.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
A Victimological Investigation of Murders in the United States
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.05 – Describe the profile of a typical murder victim.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
16. Almost 45% of victims say the individual who robbed them was a complete stranger.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
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REFERENCES:
Focusing on Robberies
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.06 – Describe the profile of a typical robbery victim.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
17. In order for a theft to be considered a robbery, the offender must be in possession of a weapon.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Focusing on Robberies
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.06 – Describe the profile of a typical robbery victim.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
18. Robbery always results in serious wounds or involves attacks with a deadly weapon.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
False
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Focusing on Robberies
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.06 – Describe the profile of a typical robbery victim.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
19. The likelihood of experiencing a crime in the course of one’s lifetime is known as one’s “cumulative risk.”
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
True
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Addressing Some Troubling Questions
QUESTION TYPE:
True / False
HAS VARIABLES:
False
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.07 – Define cumulative risks.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
20. Lifetime likelihoods are estimates of the differential risks of victimization over a lifetime.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
POINTS:
REFERENCES:
QUESTION TYPE:
HAS VARIABLES:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
KEYWORDS:
DATE CREATED:
DATE MODIFIED:
21. Which of the following kinds of risks indicate the comparative odds of an unwanted event happening to members of
various social demographic groups?
a.
Potential
b.
Differential
c.
Referential
d.
Cumulative
ANSWER:
b
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Addressing Some Troubling Questions
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.01 – Explain differential risks.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
22. Which of the following is recognizable within a victimization rate when one category suffers significantly more than
another?
a.
Correction
b.
Pattern
c.
Correlation
d.
Profile
ANSWER:
b
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POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Addressing Some Troubling Questions
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.01 – Explain differential risks.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
23. Which of the following rates provides the number of new victims per 1,000?
a.
Nonincidence rate
b.
Prevalence rate
c.
Incidence rate
d.
All of these rates are correct.
ANSWER:
c
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Addressing Some Troubling Questions
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.01 – Explain differential risks.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
24. Which of the following provide an estimate of the number of people per 1000 who have ever experienced some
event?
a.
Prevalence rates
b.
Incidence rates
c.
Cumulative rates
d.
Differential rates
ANSWER:
a
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Addressing Some Troubling Questions
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.01 – Explain differential risks.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
25. Which of the following sources published data on international victimization rates publicly in the past but no longer
does?
a.
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Control’s surveys of its member law enforcement agencies
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b.
The European Union’s annual European Sourcebook of Crime and Criminal Justice Statistics
c.
The International Police Organization (Interpol)’s public postings of information on crimes
d.
The International Crime Victim Survey, which generated statistics for most European countries
ANSWER:
POINTS:
REFERENCES:
QUESTION TYPE:
HAS VARIABLES:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
KEYWORDS:
DATE CREATED:
DATE MODIFIED:
26. Which of the following is addressed by a victim-centered analysis of homicide?
a.
Groups of people victimized most often
b.
How the victim was killed
c.
Whether the victim provoked the murder
d.
All of these variables are correct.
ANSWER:
d
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Focusing on Murders and Near-Death Experiences
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.03 – Compare homicide rates around the world.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
27. When murder rates in various countries are analyzed, higher rates tend to be associated with which of the following?
a.
The treatment of women.
b.
Great economic inequality.
c.
The average age of the population.
d.
The country’s climate.
ANSWER:
b
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Focusing on Murders and Near-Death Experiences
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.03 – Compare homicide rates around the world.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
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DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
28. Among the largest United States cities, which one had the distinction of being the homicide capital of the U.S. in
2016?
a.
Boston
b.
Detroit
c.
St. Louis
d.
New York
ANSWER:
POINTS:
REFERENCES:
QUESTION TYPE:
HAS VARIABLES:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
KEYWORDS:
DATE CREATED:
DATE MODIFIED:
29. Killings arising from clashes between rival juvenile gangs accounted for nearly which of the following percentage of
all murders in the United States during 2015?
a.
9%
b.
19%
c.
25%
d.
30%
ANSWER:
POINTS:
REFERENCES:
QUESTION TYPE:
HAS VARIABLES:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
KEYWORDS:
DATE CREATED:
DATE MODIFIED:
30. Which of the following is true about robberies in the United States between 1973 and 2016?
a.
The rate of robberies rose dramatically.
b.
The rate of robberies fell dramatically.
c.
Conflicting definitions of “robbery” make it impossible to define trends.
d.
There was virtually no change in the rate of robberies.
ANSWER:
POINTS:
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REFERENCES:
QUESTION TYPE:
HAS VARIABLES:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
KEYWORDS:
DATE CREATED:
DATE MODIFIED:
31. The UCR’s Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR) does NOT include information about which of the following?
a.
How the victim was killed
b.
What the victim’s age, sex, and race were
c.
Whether the offender was convicted or not
d.
Whether the victim knew the offender or not
ANSWER:
c
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
A Victimological Investigation of Murders in the United States
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.05 – Describe the profile of a typical murder victim.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Apply
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
32. SHR statistics indicate which of the following victim demographics as a crucial determinant for the risk of being
murdered?
a.
Age
b.
Sex
c.
Race
d.
Socioeconomic status
ANSWER:
b
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
A Victimological Investigation of Murders in the United States
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.05 – Describe the profile of a typical murder victim.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
33. In lone-offender/single-victim killings solved in 2016, which of the following percentage of black victims were killed
by black offenders?
a.
72%
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b.
83%
c.
91%
d.
99%
ANSWER:
c
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
A Victimological Investigation of Murders in the United States
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.05 – Describe the profile of a typical murder victim.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
34. In the United States, which of the following are the peak years of risk for being a victim of homicide?
a.
The teenage years
b.
The early 20s
c.
The early 30s
d.
The late 50s
ANSWER:
b
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
A Victimological Investigation of Murders in the United States
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.05 – Describe the profile of a typical murder victim.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
35. In the United States, about how many individuals out of every 1,000 over the age of 11 were robbed in 2013?
a.
2
b.
20
c.
200
d.
39
ANSWER:
a
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Focusing on Robberies
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.06 – Describe the profile of a typical robbery victim.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
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36. Robbers may hurt their victims for a number of reasons. Which of the following is true?
a.
They are seeking to intimidate the victim.
b.
They are showing off to accomplices.
c.
They experience a loss of self-control.
d.
They may do so for any of these reasons.
ANSWER:
d
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Focusing on Robberies
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.06 – Describe the profile of a typical robbery victim.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
37. Approximately which of the following percentage of robbery victims were wounded in 2016?
a.
25%
b.
40%
c.
15%
d.
50%
ANSWER:
b
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Focusing on Robberies
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.06 – Describe the profile of a typical robbery victim.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Remember
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
38. How is family income correlated with risks of being robbed?
a.
Positively
b.
Negatively
c.
Inconsistently
d.
Not correlated
ANSWER:
b
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Focusing on Robberies
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.06 – Describe the profile of a typical robbery victim.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.
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DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
39. Which of the following groups experiences robbery at a higher rate than any other demographic group?
a.
Affluent elderly women
b.
White middle-aged men
c.
Single white males
d.
Young black men
ANSWER:
d
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Focusing on Robberies
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.06 – Describe the profile of a typical robbery victim.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
40. From 1993 to 2016, how did differences in victimization rates for robbery relate to economic status?
a.
Increased slightly
b.
Increased dramatically
c.
No changes at all
d.
Narrowed considerably
ANSWER:
d
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Focusing on Robberies
QUESTION TYPE:
Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES:
False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.06 – Describe the profile of a typical robbery victim.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
41. If you wanted to calculate a projection of your lifetime likelihood of experiencing a crime, which of the following
would you be estimating?
a.
Incidence rates
b.
Prevalence rates
c.
Cumulative risks
d.
Differential risks
ANSWER:
POINTS:
REFERENCES:
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QUESTION TYPE:
HAS VARIABLES:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
KEYWORDS:
DATE CREATED:
DATE MODIFIED:
42. Statistics project that roughly three out of every four people will probably be assaulted at least once in their lifetime.
However, this prediction may seem less alarming when we consider which of the following?
a.
It includes failed attempts to inflict physical injury.
b.
It does not include unfulfilled threats of bodily harm.
c.
It refers to serious injuries rather than minor scuffles.
d.
It does not apply to violent assaults within families.
ANSWER:
POINTS:
REFERENCES:
QUESTION TYPE:
HAS VARIABLES:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
KEYWORDS:
DATE CREATED:
DATE MODIFIED:
43. Which of the following are typically the most attractive dwellings for burglars?
a.
Apartments
b.
Single-family homes
c.
Condominiums
d.
Multi-family homes
ANSWER:
POINTS:
REFERENCES:
QUESTION TYPE:
HAS VARIABLES:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
KEYWORDS:
DATE CREATED:
DATE MODIFIED:
44. Which of the following is true about the crime of motor vehicle theft?
a.
It does not include attempted vehicle thefts.
POINTS:
1
b.
It is a more common crime than larceny.
c.
It is a more common crime than burglaries.
d.
It is commoner than serious violent crimes.
ANSWER:
POINTS:
REFERENCES:
QUESTION TYPE:
HAS VARIABLES:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
KEYWORDS:
DATE CREATED:
DATE MODIFIED:
45. Research has projected cumulative risks of over 70% for one burglary or break-in attempt per home. This statistic is
better informed by considering which of the following?
a.
These were based on relatively low burglary rates in the 1990s and 2000s.
b.
These were based on relatively high burglary rates in the 1970s and 1980s.
c.
These were based on crimes over a lifetime of 60 years starting at age 12.
d.
These were based on crimes against individuals, not against households.
ANSWER:
POINTS:
REFERENCES:
QUESTION TYPE:
HAS VARIABLES:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
KEYWORDS:
DATE CREATED:
DATE MODIFIED:
46. Data from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program and the US Bureau of Justice Statistics’ National
Crime Victimization Surveys (NCVS) confirm long-held suspicions that certain groups of people are much more likely to
be victimized. Characterize the groups that are more likely to be a victim of murder, aggravated assault, and robbery.
ANSWER:
There are differential risks involved with being a victim of murder, aggravated assault, and
robbery. With regard to homicide, most victims know their offender. The offender is more
often than not a family member, friend, or acquaintance. Most murders are situational,
meaning they arise from a certain circumstance. The typical murder is carried out with a
firearm. Most homicide victims are young, black males living in urban areas. Robbery
victims mostly experience crimes by male strangers. Most robberies involve a weapon but
represents roughly 25 of every 1,000 homes, or a prevalence rate of c. 2%. Also in 2016,
the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program received a total of more than 1.5
REFERENCES:
Addressing Some Troubling Questions
QUESTION TYPE:
Essay
HAS VARIABLES:
False
STUDENT ENTRY MODE:
Basic
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.04 – Identify trends in murders, aggravated assaults, and
robberies in the United States according to official statistics.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Analyze
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
47. Contrast annual victimization rates with lifetime likelihoods and explain how this contrast affects perceptions, both of
individual risk and of crime as a social problem. Also, distinguish between prevalence rates and lifetime likelihoods. What
is one variable that can affect the accuracy of lifetime likelihood projections?
ANSWER:
People may develop a false sense of security from considering only annual victimization
rates, which make crimes appear rare and unlikely to happen to most individuals.
However, lifetime likelihoods, which project the cumulative risks of victimization over 60
years or more (starting at age 12), make crimes appear much more likely to happen to
individuals. They also present a view of crime today as a much more serious social
problem than annual rates show. Prevalence rates reflect past and current victimization,
referring only to those in the population who have already experienced it, whereas lifetime
likelihoods estimate what the total of past, current, and future victimization might be,
referring to the whole population. One variable that can affect the accuracy of lifetime
projections is that they are based on current or recent rates, which could go up or down
over time.
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Predicting the Chances of Becoming a Victim Someday: Projecting Cumulative
Risks
QUESTION TYPE:
Essay
HAS VARIABLES:
False
STUDENT ENTRY MODE:
Basic
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.08 – List the strengths and weaknesses of statistical
projections related to differential and cumulative risks.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Evaluate
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
48. Discuss the prevalence of burglaries in general and residential burglaries in particular, including their psychological
impact and recent statistics and their interpretation. Summarize the overall trend in burglaries from the 1970s–1980s to
2016, including statistics.
ANSWER:
Among all serious index crimes tracked by the FBI, burglaries are the most common.
Although there are more larcenies, that is, all types of thefts, more than half of those are
petty larcenies incurring only minor losses, whereas burglaries tend to be more upsetting,
especially residential ones. Victims feel their personal space has been violated, and often
of 60 years. About 5% of these victims are projected to be robbed twice, while 1% of them
will be robbed three or more times. In terms of differential risks, 37% of males are likely
to be robbed at least once in their lifetimes, whereas 22% of females are. Further, 51% of
million burglaries. While about 30% of those were not residential but business and
government buildings, Karmen points out that many residential burglaries, both completed
and attempted, were not reported to police, which should have a counterbalancing effect.
The NCVS and the UCR reported data from 1973 to 1980 that are interpreted differently.
However, since 1981, data from both systems have the same overall interpretation that
burglary has decreased continuously and substantially, from nearly 1,685 per 100,000
persons in 1980 to c. 470 per 100,000 in 2016 (UCR), or from c. 112 per 1,000 households
in 1974 to c. 25 per 1,000 in 2016 (NCVS).
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Focusing on Burglaries
QUESTION TYPE:
Essay
HAS VARIABLES:
False
STUDENT ENTRY MODE:
Basic
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.09 – Describe the suffering of people whose homes are
burglarized.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Analyze
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
49. Motor vehicle thefts impact nearly 5 out of 1,000 households in the United States, according to the NCVS. Some
people consider this a “happy crime” with no losers. Why do they think this? Are they correct?
ANSWER:
Their argument proposes that the thief makes money and that the owner is reimbursed by
the insurance company and then enjoys the pleasure of shopping for a new car.
Meanwhile, the manufacturer gains a customer who wasn’t only going to purchase a car so
soon and the insurance company gets a chance to raise premiums. Actually, most victims
of auto theft are quite upset because of the great deal of time, effort, and care they put into
keeping their vehicles in good shape. The shock of discovering that the vehicle has
vanished touches off a sense of violation and insecurity. Also, not all owners purchase the
best insurance coverage, usually because they cannot afford it. This results in higher out-
of-pocket expenses.
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Focusing on Motor Vehicle Theft
QUESTION TYPE:
Essay
HAS VARIABLES:
False
STUDENT ENTRY MODE:
Basic
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.10 – Explain why it is complicated to rank which motor
vehicles are stolen at the highest rates.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Understand
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
50. What is the projected estimate for future robberies in the US population? How is this broken down by number of
times a victim will be robbed? What are the differential risks by sex and race? Provide percentages and a general
interpretation.
black people are projected to be robbed one or more times in their lives, whereas 27% of
white people are. Therefore, being robbed once in one’s life is more common than being
robbed twice, and twice is more common than three times. Males and black people are
more likely to be robbed than females and white people are. The largest difference in
projections is by race, with close to twice as many black as white people being expected to
get robbed in their lives.
POINTS:
1
REFERENCES:
Predicting the Chances of Becoming a Victim Someday: Projecting Cumulative
Risks
QUESTION TYPE:
Essay
HAS VARIABLES:
False
STUDENT ENTRY MODE:
Basic
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CVIV.KARM.20.04.11 – Identify the groups that face the greatest risks of
becoming victims of robberies and burglaries.
KEYWORDS:
Bloom’s: Evaluate
DATE CREATED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM
DATE MODIFIED:
1/2/2019 7:57 AM