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Jones-Smith, Culturally Diverse Counseling, 1e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
Chapter 4: Strengths-Based Development, Culture, and
Clinical Practice
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. ______ helps a person cope with life or that which makes life more fulfilling for
oneself and others.
A. Optimism
B. Protective factor
C. Strength
D. Resilience
2. What does “use it or lose it” mean?
A. Neural connections and pathways that are frequently activated are retained.
B. A therapist must effectively build strengths for a client, otherwise the client may not
return to therapy.
C. An individual’s strengths must be utilized, otherwise they will deteriorate.
D. Once a critical period in a person’s development closes, those neural connections
and pathways can never be retrieved.
3. The main purpose of the attachment relationship between an infant and caregiver is
______.
A. psychological and physical
B. social and behavioral
C. physical and biological
D. emotional and relational
4. ______ can be conceptualized as the degree to which an individual has an
attachment relationship to the culture in which he or she has been raised.
A. Environmental attachment
B. Community attachment
C. Cultural attachment
D. Parent–child attachment
5. In what way would the strength perspective be viewed differently by American and
Chinese culture?
A. American culture would be more likely to dismiss the strengths perspective, whereas
the Chinese culture would accept it.
B. Chinese culture would be more likely to dismiss the strengths perspective, whereas
the American culture would accept it.
C. American culture would view individual’s strengths as an individual’s ownership,
whereas Chinese culture would view individual’s strengths as a collective group’s
ownership.
D. Chinese culture would view individual’s strengths as an individual’s ownership,
whereas American culture would view individual’s strengths as a collective group’s
ownership.
6. Carol Dweck maintains that people develop mindsets as they age. What are these
two mindsets?
A. fixed; growth
B. positive; negative
C. strengths-focused; deficit-focused
D. open; closed
7. According to strengths-based therapy (SBT), a strengths mindset is ______
awareness and a deficit mindset is ______ awareness.
A. fixed; growth
B. positive; negative
C. strengths-focused; deficit-focused
D. open; closed
8. Which of the following is considered the mantra for SBT?
A. disregard weaknesses as it only perpetuates negativity
B. teach client strengths reflective of their own culture
C. promote strengths and eliminate weaknesses
D. promote strengths and manage weaknesses that may sabotage strengths
9. What might be different about a culturally responsive interview compared to a
traditional interview?
A. The therapist in a culturally responsive interview will be aware of and discuss cultural
differences with the client and listen to client statements about culture.
B. The therapist in a culturally responsive interview will be aware of their own culture
and discuss these differences with the client to ensure that the client feels comfortable
working with the therapist.
C. The therapist in a culturally responsive interview will implement before meeting with
the client face to face to ensure that the client feels comfortable and free to share their
answers to the client’s questions.
D. There are no differences.
True/False
1. Strengths are fixed personality traits.
2. Attachment relationship changes an infant’s brain.
3. Strengths-based therapy (SBT) provides a strong theoretical framework and is most
appropriate for counseling individuals from Western cultures, rather than Eastern
cultures.
Short Answer
1. According to the textbook, strengths development is a three-prong process. Describe
this process.
2. What is the main difference between a strengths approach and deficit approach to
counseling?
Ans: Strengths-based therapy asserts that we are the heroes of our own lives.
Individuals with a deficit mindset focus on what is missing in themselves and in other
3. Describe how a therapist could create a culturally responsive strengths-building
therapy environment.
4. There are a number of clinical intervention skills a culturally responsive strengths-
based therapist may have. List at least four skills.
Ans: Varies, but the 12 skills listed in the textbook are: asks clients about their
strengths; helps clients to see their strengths and positives in themselves; focuses on
clients’ strengths as a therapeutic way of increasing client motivation; helps clients to
