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Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
1. Ethical leaders are often the ones who create envy and separation from other members of the organization.
a.
True
b.
False
2. In a normal situation, officers are looking for leadership characteristics in their managers that will positively influence
them in their police career.
a.
True
b.
False
3. Most government employees at the federal, state, and local levels are managed by a civil service system.
a.
True
b.
False
4. The 4-10 schedule (four 10-hour days on, four 10-hour days off) makes it easier for department managers to schedule
employees.
a.
True
b.
False
5. Police departments in the United States are quasi-military organizations.
a.
True
b.
False
6. When an officer transfers from one department to another, he or she can lose some or all of their investment in their
pension plans.
a.
True
b.
False
7. Reserve officers are not always paid employees; it varies from one department to the next.
a.
True
b.
False
8. Police unions are predominantly local organizations that bargain and communicate with the local police department and
the mayor or chief’s office.
a.
True
b.
False
9. A failed example of shared leadership in a police department was that of the Broken Arrow, Oklahoma Police
Department in 2006.
a.
True
b.
False
10. In most police departments, patrol functions, detective functions, and internal investigative functions are all kept
together in the same unit.
a.
True
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b.
False
11. Most modern police organizations can be considered bureaucracies.
a.
True
b.
False
12. Marine Corps general Smedley Butler organized a "bandit squad" to aggressively raid prostitution houses and
suspected crime dens in Philadelphia.
a.
True
b.
False
13. Shared leadership became popular in police organizations in the 1980s and 1990s after witnessing the success
Japanese industry had with similar empowerment strategies.
a.
True
b.
False
14. Regardless of the size of the department, the chain of command always starts with the Governor of the state in which
the department is established.
a.
True
b.
False
15. A reserve officer in a local police department is not considered to be a sworn personnel.
a.
True
b.
False
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
16. Which of the following service units includes records, property, laboratory, detention, identification, and
alcohol testing, among others?
a.
Personnel processes
b.
Operational procedures
c.
Auxiliary services
d.
Resource functions
17. Who is generally in charge of a squad?
a.
Master patrol officer
b.
Corporal
c.
Lieutenant
d.
Sergeant
18. Shared leadership attained renewed interest in the 1980s and 1990s in response to __________.
a.
the court case of Tennessee v. Garner
b.
New York City’s successful implementation
c.
the riots in Los Angeles
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d.
Japanese industry’s success
19. What is considered a major problem for officers making a lateral transfer to another department?
a.
Pensions may not be transferrable
b.
Differences in philosophies between departments
c.
Differences in policing technology
d.
All of the above.
20. ____________________ is defined as an organizational model marked by hierarchy and promotion based on
professional merit and skill.
a.
Keynesian paradigm
b.
Bureaucracy
c.
Privatization
d.
Monetarism
21. Which group is considered the backbone of police services?
a.
Detectives
b.
Patrol officers
c.
Training officers
d.
Community service officers
22. To avoid the penalties involved in a formal police strike, officers may contract with which of following in
order to protest working conditions or other grievances?
a.
Blue flu
b.
Sit-out
c.
Blackout
d.
Blue-out
23. An example of an auxiliary unit in a police department would be _________.
a.
criminal investigations
b.
communications
c.
community relations
d.
training
24. A majority of female officers prefer a leader who is considered both “transformational” and what else?
a.
Autocratic
b.
Situational
c.
Democratic
d.
Laissez faire
25. What is considered the primary fault of a 12-hour tour system?
a.
Less cost-effective
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b.
Officer fatigue
c.
Fewer total hours
d.
Decrease in officer morale
26. Who is the first supervisor in the police chain of command?
a.
Detective
b.
Captain
c.
Lieutenant
d.
Sergeant
27. Why are police chiefs considered the key figures in the police organization?
a.
They get paid the most.
b.
They appear before local government agencies.
c.
They set the vision and tone for the department.
d.
They work shifts when officers are sick.
28. Which of the following represents the standard order of civil service ranks within a police department, from
lowest rank to highest?
a.
Officer, sergeant, lieutenant, captain, chief
b.
Officer, sergeant, corporal, lieutenant, captain, chief
c.
Captain, officer, sergeant, corporal, lieutenant, chief
d.
Corporal, officer, sergeant, lieutenant, captain, chief
29. Which of the following is an independent body with authority to make binding decisions on a wide range of
policy issues, working conditions, and departmental strategies?
a.
Civilian personnel
b.
Nonsworn officers
c.
The Leadership Team
d.
Community Service Officers (CSOs)
30. In a large urban department, what area often serves as the centerpiece of the precinct, station, or district?
a.
The desk
b.
The police blotter
c.
The holding cell
d.
The command center
31. Which of the following are police activities performed in direct assistance to the public?
a.
Administration
b.
Operations
c.
Auxiliary services
d.
Fraternal procedures
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32. Tradition and civil service rules have established the police officer’s most common working day as
________ hours.
a.
6
b.
8
c.
10
d.
12
33. When is the only time a detective may assume a supervisory role over any officer?
a.
When a sergeant is absent
b.
During an officer’s first year
c.
At a crime scene
d.
During an arrest
34. The police strike of 1919 occurred in which U.S. city?
a.
New York
b.
Pittsburgh
c.
Chicago
d.
Boston
35. The process of removing sworn officers from nonenforcement jobs and replacing them by nonsworn
personnel is called ________.
a.
rationalization
b.
lateral transfer
c.
upgrading
d.
civilianization
36. Which of the following did the Pendleton Act establish after the 1881 assassination of President James
Garfield?
a.
The Secret Service
b.
The civil service system
c.
The system of civilianization
d.
Police unions
37. What is the management concept that says each individual in an organization is supervised by one
immediate supervisor or boss who in turn reports to a higher supervisor?
a.
Ladder of command
b.
Effective level of supervision
c.
Span of control
d.
Chain of command
38. By which method are officers most typically promoted to detective?
a.
Civil service exam
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b.
By appointment from leadership
c.
By specialized degree
d.
Nepotism
39. A __________ system is one in which personal ability is stressed above all other considerations.
a.
nepotism
b.
favoritism
c.
reward
d.
merit
40. Using a traditional three-tour system (one officer per beat per shift), about how many officers actually must
be available to cover each beat?
a.
2
b.
3
c.
4
d.
5
41. The police structure in the United States is considered to be ________.
a.
military
b.
civilian
c.
quasi-military
d.
hemi-military
42. The concepts of total quality management, quality circles, job involvement, participative management, and
employee empowerment are all forms of ________.
a.
bottom-up leadership
b.
top-down leadership
c.
shared leadership
d.
theory X leadership
43. Which of the following is a record, in chronological order, of all police activities occurring in a precinct
each day?
a.
Desk
b.
Post
c.
Police blotter
d.
Central booking
44. What is an example of an administrative unit within a police department?
a.
Records
b.
Holding cell
c.
Personnel
d.
Community relations
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45. Unless an emergency exists or speed is necessary, a patrol officer should always report to his or her
___________.
a.
department
b.
sergeant
c.
platoon
d.
precinct
46. The number of officers or subordinates a supervisor can supervise effectively is called __________.
a.
chain of command
b.
organizational index
c.
span of control
d.
effective level of supervision
47. The President’s Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice recommended which of the
following actions?
a.
Hiring lateral police officers
b.
Developing a national police retirement system
c.
Hiring more women
d.
Forming permanent police reserve units
48. A ________ is the collection of all officers working a particular shift.
a.
cohort
b.
precinct
c.
platoon
d.
staff
49. A ________ is the smallest geographic area that a patrol unit can patrol effectively.
a.
district
b.
beat
c.
neighborhood
d.
precinct
50. The power of police is limited by state laws and the ________.
a.
Pendleton Act
b.
district attorney
c.
Bill of Rights
d.
state governors
Enter the appropriate word(s) to complete the statement.
51. The ability and opportunity to transfer from one police department to another is called __________.
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52. The unit that examines and classifies seized evidence, including drugs, weapons, and fibers, is called the
_____________.
53. The number of officers or subordinates that a supervisor can supervise effectively is called the __________.
54. Chain of command may be disregarded in two situations. They are __________ and __________.
55. Another name for chain of command is __________.
56. The process of removing sworn officers from noncritical or nonenforcement tasks and replacing them with civilians or
nonsworn employees is called __________.
57. A _______________ tour schedule is known to raise officer morale, but can be a scheduling difficulty for department
managers.
58. No matter the size of the agency, the chain of command starts with the __________.
59. A __________ is generally the entire collection of beats in a given geographic area.
60. __________ is the process of running an organization so that the organization can accomplish goals.
61. The concept of dividing the tasks of an organization according to personnel, area, time, and function or process is
called __________.
62. Discuss the basic paradox of police discretion and control-oriented management.
63. How does the presence or absence of ethical leadership impact the officers in a police department?
64. What are the pros and cons of organizing a police department by 8-hour, 10-hour, and 12-hour tours?
65. What are the advantages and disadvantages of organizing a police department by area?
66. What are the advantages and disadvantages of organizing a police department by function or purpose?
67. Do the strengths of the civil service system outweigh its weaknesses? Why or why not?
68. Discuss the benefits and drawbacks of hiring a lateral transfer into an agency. If you were the Chief/Sheriff of your
agency, would you want to hire lateral transfers and why or why not?
69. Compare and contrast the terms manager and leader. Can the roles be combined? Why or why not?
70. Describe the differences in police powers given to sworn and nonsworn members of a police department.
71. Describe the benefits of civilianization in police departments.
72. Explain the concept of shared leadership and how it has been applied in police departments.
73. Discuss the factors that led police departments to adopt Taylor's Four Scientific Management Principles and whether
these principles are still valid today.
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74. Discuss how belonging to a union benefits police officers.
75. Create an organizational chart that shows the ranks in the police hierarchy and explain the responsibilities of each
rank.
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Answer Key
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