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Chapter 3: Professional Roles, Functions, and Consultation with Other Professionals
Multiple Choice
Which of the following are not common areas of overlap between professional
counseling and other mental health professions?
a. Multiculturalism
b. Crisis management
c. Assessment and diagnosis
d. All of above are areas of overlap
What is a common term used among many mental health professions, including
professional counseling, to mean “a service provided to clients”?
a. Assessment
b. Counseling
c. Therapy
d. Treatment
What is a challenge of the general use of the term ‘counseling’ as a process that all
mental health practitioners utilize for the field of professional counseling?
a. The overuse of the term prevents the professional counseling from
differentiating itself from other professions
b. Clients often have a misunderstanding of the term counseling
c. Counseling is a term that other mental health professionals use
d. The term counseling has a negative stigma and clients are hesitant to seek
services
What does is the AASCB?
a. American Association of State Counseling Boards
b. Advanced Association of State Counseling Boards
c. Association of Acting State Credentialing Boards
d. Act for Americans with Significant Counseling Boards
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The purpose of the collaborative effort by the ACA and AASCB entitled 20/20 – A
Vision for the Future of Counseling was to:
a. Create professional counseling ethical guidelines
b. To strengthen the identity and unify professional counselors
c. Set training standards for professional counselors
d. To strengthen the divisions of ACA
“…a professional relationship that empowers diverse individuals, families, and
groups to accomplish mental health, wellness, education, and career goals” is the
definition of which term?
a. Individual counseling
b. Group counseling
c. Rehabilitation counseling
d. Professional counseling
Which of the following factors can contribute to counselor burnout?
a. Job dissatisfaction
b. Interpersonal conflict
c. Poor boundaries
d. All of the above
According to Emerson’s (2010) review of the literature, counseling philosophy
comprises of which of the following components?
a. Wellness, developmental perspective, prevention, and empowerment
b. Helping, developmental perspective, treatment, assistance
c. Positivity, guidance, rehabilitation, empowerment
d. Cognitive, affective, behavioral, systematic
Which of the following is not considered an event that took place during the “golden
age of psychology”?
a. Opening of the VA clinical psychology training program
b. Opening of NIMH
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c. Deinstitutionalization of severely mentally handicapped individuals
d. Development of the GI Bill
The profession of applied psychology is primarily focused on:
a. Understanding and treating psychological pathology
b. Implementing evidence-based treatment to a diverse range of clients
c. Research of psychological pathology
d. Empowering individuals with psychological pathology
What event is believed to have led to the development of contemporary American
social work?
a. Veterans returning home to America from WWII
b. Mass migration and overcrowding in eastern American cities
c. Need for additional supports beyond counseling for adults
d. All of the above
Responsibilities of social workers may include all of the following except:
a. Consultation with community organizations
b. Clinical practice in hospitals
c. Social advocacy
d. Diagnosis of psychopathology
Who is credited with developing the concept of family psychology?
a. Nathan Ackerman
b. Richard Clarke Cabot
c. Sigmund Freud
d. Stanley G. Hall
In what way did Marriage and Family Therapists assist veterans following WWII?
a. Provided veterans with treatment for psychological disorders
b. Assisted veterans and their families assistance in seeking public
assistance and housing
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c. Advocated equality for veterans and their families
d. Helped families reunite
The textbook lists several common areas of overlap between professional
counseling and the Society of Counseling Psychology (APA’s Division 17). These
include all of the following except:
a. Ethical codes
b. Founders
c. Chartered divisions
d. Education
Compared to professional counselors, counseling psychologists must complete an
educational minimum of:
a. A doctoral degree
b. Training in a variety of counseling formats
c. A professional and supervised internship
d. Graduate courses in family and development
Professional counselors have a distinct professional identity from other mental
health fields. One of the reasons is because professional counselors:
a. Utilize a deficit model when assessing a client
b. Emphasize the importance of social and contextual factors that contribute
to a client’s current functioning
c. Spend most of their time diagnosing clients
d. Incorporate holistic and wellness-oriented techniques with clients
What is the central professional organization for professional counselors?
a. APA
b. CACREP
c. ACA
d. CSWMFT
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______________________ is “the possession of a core set of values, beliefs, and
assumptions about the unique characteristics of one’s selected profession that
differentiates it from other professions.”
a. Personal ideology
b. Professional morals
c. Ethics code
d. Professional identity
________________________ is described as “a helping relationship in which human service
professionals work with individuals and/or groups in a variety of settings.”
a. Collaboration
b. Counseling
c. Consultation
d. Assessment
________________________ involves a process where two or more parties work together to
assist another individual or group toward some desired outcome.
a. Collaboration
b. Counseling
c. Consultation
d. Assessment
Michael, a professional counselor, has been seeing Katelyn about some difficulties
that she is experiencing in school. To get a better understanding of what is going on
for her, Michael maintains contact with Sue, the school psychologist at Katelyn’s
school. What process is Michael and Sue engaged in?
a. Counseling
b. Mental health consultation
c. Organizational consultation
d. Collaboration
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Mary is building a relationship with Sarah and assisting Sarah in understanding one
of her clients. Mary is assessing the situation, diagnosing the client, and providing
recommendations to Sarah about the client. What term would be used to describe
this process?
a. Organizational consultation
b. Behavioral consultation
c. Mental health consultation
d. Professional collaboration
What is the main goal of organizational consultants?
a. Restructure an organization with or without the assistance of employees
b. Improve the effectiveness of an organization
c. Improve the mental health and well-being of employees in an
organization
d. Provide organizational strategies to individual employees to maximize
their resources
What is the main goal of mental health consultants?
a. Provide counseling to clients
b. Assist personnel and/or administrators to understand work-related
problems
c. Provide counseling to personnel and administrators to improve their own
mental health
d. Collaborate with other mental health practitioners to best serve the client
In what settings might professional counselors find themselves having a
consultation role?
a. For-profit community organization
b. Elementary school
c. Non-profit organization
d. All of the above
What is an important advantage of providing group consultation?
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a. Cost-effective
b. Guarantees that all consultees receive the same information
c. Allows consultees to participate in consultation together
d. Group consultation has not been found to have any advantages over
individual consultation
There are several factors that have contributed to the increased demand and scope
of practice for school consultation. Which of the following is not mentioned in your
textbook as a factor contributing to this?
a. Implementation of federal initiatives such as No Child Left Behind
b. Increased pressure students and parents experience as a result of more
students applying to college each year
c. New scholastic standards and school reform movement
d. Revisions in special education eligibility
One example of postsecondary consulting include:
a. Consulting with faculty about interpersonal issues
b. Consulting with students about study strategies
c. Consulting with administration about recruiting students
d. Consulting with faculty about fair grading practices
A middle school administrator asked Ann, a professional counselor, to assess
student behavior and recommend school-wide behavioral supports to improve
overall behavior. Ann begins the process by collecting information on how many
detentions and expulsions students have received over the past three years. Ann is
providing ______________________ services as part of school-based consultation.
a. Direct
b. Indirect
c. Support
d. Expert
Which of the following is an example of a direct service activity that a professional
counselor who is conducting school-based consultation might engage in?
a. Systems-wide assessment
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b. Consulting with a teacher about a specific student
c. Case conceptualization
d. Providing trainings to teachers
True/False
Professional counselors and the field of professional counseling has clearly
differentiated itself from other mental health professionals and fields.
Role ambiguity, caused by a lack of understanding of professional role expectations,
is one of the reasons contributing to counselor burnout.
The history of psychology dates back to ancient times.
The only subdivision that emphasizes applied psychology is clinical psychology.
Marriage and family therapy is one of the counseling specializations.
There are many important differences between the counseling profession and the
American Psychological Association’s Society of Counseling Profession.
ACA is the central professional organization for counselors and APA is the main
professional organization for counseling psychologists.
ACA and APA have the same ethical codes and chartered divisions.
One unique aspect of the professional identity of counselors is the humanistic and
developmental philosophical lens that they view the world through.
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Counseling professionals work independently from other mental health
professionals.
Consultation and collaboration are terms to describe the same process that
professional counselors often engage in.
If a consultant provided consultation and assisted the consultee in implementing
part of the recommended plan, this would be considered reciprocal consultation.
Recent evidence has found that professional counselors are adequately trained in
the consultation process.
A trend in mental health consultation is the use of nonprofessionals within the
consultation process.
The costs of using group consultation outweigh the benefits therefore it is rarely
utilized.
In recent years, there has been a decreased need for consultation at the
postsecondary level.
Short-Answer/Essay
Describe reasons the counseling profession has a difficult time distinguishing itself
from other mental health professions.
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What are common factors associated with counselor burnout and impairment?
Describe how applied psychology, social work, and marriage and family therapy are
different from one another in terms of their focus and work with clients.
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While a similarity between professional counseling and other mental health
professions is the required graduate education on the family unit and development,
differences may emerge when actually working with a client due to the macro
values instilled in a profession. Give an example of a specific client problem and the
various ways a professional counselor, applied psychologist, social worker, and
marriage and family therapist might approach it.
Besides their focus and work with clients, professional counselors and counseling
psychologists have differences between the two professions that differentiate them.
Describe the major differences.
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