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Jones-Smith, Culturally Diverse Counseling, 1e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
Chapter 20: Social Class, Social Justice, Intersectionality,
and Privilege
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. ______ is defined as “prejudice and discrimination based on social class resulting
from individuals from different perceived social classes.”
A. Classist thinking
B. Classism
C. Social stratification theory
D. Socioeconomic status
2. What is the American Dream?
A. belief that hard work and determination will help a person prosper
B. belief that everyone who is living in the United States will achieve citizenship
C. belief that high educational attainment will lead to global economic prosperity
D. belief that all marginalized groups will someday have equal power to those in the
majority
3. All of the following are included in the most commonly known three-tiered model of
social class in the United States except ______.
A. upper class
B. middle class
C. lower/working class
D. underclass
4. What racial group has the highest level of poverty?
A. Caucasian
B. African American
C. Latinos
D. Asians
5. What age group is most likely to live in poverty?
A. children
B. young adults
C. middle-aged adults
D. elderly
6. ______ is a term used to describe “an acute and/or chronic situation wherein the
individual experiences personal threat to their social status and position.”
A. Classism
B. Classism-based trauma
C. Poverty-based trauma
D. Social stratification trauma
7. Classism-based traumas are connected to messages and reminders of one’s ______
social class.
A. upper
B. working
C. middle
D. lower
Jones-Smith, Culturally Diverse Counseling, 1e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
8. What is a major driving force for the social justice movement in counseling?
A. to reduce social illnesses that are caused by oppression
B. to improve equity for those in marginalized groups
C. to increase harmony
D. to decrease narcissism for those in higher socioeconomic status
9. Counseling in the United States emphasizes meritocracy, standard English language,
the Protestant work ethic, and 50-min therapy sessions. These are examples of ______.
A. microaggressions
B. social inequity
C. classism
D. White, middle-class bias
10. Research has suggested that individuals from lower socioeconomic status have
greater levels of ______, whereas individuals from higher socioeconomic status have
greater levels of ______.
A. helpful behaviors; deceitfulness
B. social networks; engagement during social activities
C. work ethic; intelligence
D. empathy; narcissism
True/False
1. Research has shown that mental health difficulties are only experienced by those in
poverty and low socioeconomic status.
2. Classism is a multicultural issue.
3. A young person’s brain damage that is due to poverty is irreversible.
Short Answer
1. How does poverty affect a child’s developing brain?
2. What is Liu’s social class worldview model? Describe the goals for the client and five
domains of the model.
Ans: Liu’s social class worldview model is one of the few models that have counseling
interventions designed to get at the issue of social class. Goals include insight regarding
the client’s experiences related to classism, the client’s social class worldview, and any
economic pressures that the client might be undergoing; counselor empathy regarding
3. What are the four principles that guide the work of counselors who use social justice
in counseling framework?
