Jones-Smith, Culturally Diverse Counseling, 1e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
Chapter 18: Culturally Responsive Strengths-Based Therapy
for Immigrants and Refugees
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. A(n) ______ is a person outside one’s country of nationality who is unable or
unwilling to return to their country because of persecution or well-founded fear of
persecution.
A. migrant
B. refugee
C. asylee
D. nationalist
2. A(n) ______ is a person who meets the definition of refugee and is already present in
the United States or seeking admission at a port of entry.
A. migrant
B. asylee
C. nationalist
D. alien
3. What is the difference between immigrants and refugees?
A. Immigrants made a location change voluntarily; refugees made a location change to
escape persecution, terror, or other life-threatening situation.
B. Refugees made a location change voluntarily; immigrants made a location change to
escape persecution, terror, or other life-threatening situation.
C. Immigrants are able to remain in the United States without going through immigration
procedures, refugees are not.
D. Refugees are able to remain in the United States without going through immigration
procedures, immigrants are not.
4. What mental health disorder is important to assess, given immigrants and refugees’
possible chronic exposure to stress?
A. generalized anxiety disorder
B. post-traumatic stress disorder
C. depression
D. acute stress disorder
5. All of the following are types of forced migration except ______.
A. politically induced displacement
B. disaster-induced displacement
C. conflict-induced displacement
D. development-induced displacement
6. Which of the following is not one of the stages of the migration process?
A. premigration
B. migration
C. postmigration
D. post-citizenship
7. Cultural bereavement is likely to be reduced if the immigrant or refugee ______.
A. slowly assimilates into the new country
B. is able to maintain ties to the culture of origin
Jones-Smith, Culturally Diverse Counseling, 1e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
C. has strong social networks in the new country
D. quickly assimilates into the new culture
8. Stress during what part of the migration process could have far-reaching health
effects?
A. premigration
B. migration
C. postmigration
D. post-citizenship
9. What is the Triple Trauma Paradigm?
A. describes the three phases of traumatic stress that apply to torture survivors
B. the model of the migration process for trauma survivors
C. the pathway to U.S. citizenship for immigrants
D. mental health treatment for refugees and immigrants who have experienced torture
10. What skill is particularly important for counselors who work with refugees and
immigrants?
A. cultural humility
B. empathy
C. knowledge of trauma and citizenship
D. trustworthiness
11. ______ is when a mental health practitioner begins to feel the effects of being
exposed to trauma indirectly through others.
A. Primary trauma
B. Secondary trauma
C. Cultural burden
D. Emotional toll
True/False
1. The term ‘illegal immigrant’ is a legal term meaning that a person moved from their
country of origin to another country and did not go through the established immigration
procedures.
2. Immigrants are disproportionately represented in both high-skilled and lower-skilled
jobs.
3. Compared to other marginalized groups, undocumented immigrants are rarely targets
of physical and emotional harassment or prejudiced practices.
4. Cultural humility denotes a willingness to accurately assess oneself, assess one’s
limitations, and acknowledges that it is impossible to adequately be knowledgeable
about cultures other than one’s own.
Short Answer
1. List at least three important considerations that clinicians need to think about when
working with immigrants, migrants, and/or refugees.
2. What is acculturative stress, what factors contribute to acculturative stress, and how
does it affect one’s mental health?
Ans: Acculturative stress is that stress that immigrants face as a result of resettlement
from their country of origin to their host culture. Immigrants must learn about the
American educational system; they must develop proficiency in English; and they must
3. Describe the Triple Trauma Paradigm.
4. List the skills that are designed a mental health practitioner can use to explore trauma
and loss while identifying culturally appropriate methods to help the client heal.