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Chapter 16- Case Illustration: An Integrative Approach to
Working with Stan
MULTIPLE-CHOICE TEST ITEMS
1. How would a psychoanalytic therapist view Stan’s drinking problem?
a. as a means of working though his Oedipal complex
b. as a personal power issue associated with early trauma experienced in the anal stage
c. as an oral fixation
d. as a result of the ego-defense mechanism of introjection
e. as a manifestation of his collective unconscious
2. Which of the following is not true when viewing Stan’s problems from the standpoint of self-
psychology and the object-relations theory?
a. On some levels, he is stuck in the symbiotic phase.
b. The focus would be on Stan’s developmental sequences.
c. He is unable to get confirmation of his worth from himself.
d. He had accomplished the task of individuation.
e. He is repeating patterns he formed with his mother during infancy.
3. Which of the following would not be part of an Adlerian approach to working with Stan?
a. giving homework assignments
b. gathering data about his dreams
c. examining his private logic
d. exploring his family constellation
e. confronting the ways he is seeking to escape his freedom through drugs and alcohol
4. An Adlerian therapist would interpret Stan’s depression as:
a. a sickness that needs to be cured.
b. discouragement that can be helped by encouragement.
c. a feeling that leads to his faulty thinking.
d. related to unfinished business.
e. internalized anger and guilt.
5. Which therapeutic approach is likely to use interventions with Stan such as pre-therapy change,
exception questions, scaling questions, and the miracle question?
a. Adlerian therapy
b. rational emotive behavior therapy
c. existential therapy
d. solution-focused therapy
e. none of the above
6. Which therapeutic approach would focus on gender-role analysis and gender-role socialization with
Stan?
a. strategic family therapy
b. Adlerian therapy
c. feminist therapy
d. existential therapy
e. narrative therapy
7. There are several issues in Stan’s life that would interest an existential therapist. Which of the
following is not one of these?
a. his use of alcohol and drugs
b. his suicidal thoughts
c. his persistent feelings of guilt
d. his feelings of isolation
e. his positive experience with his summer camp supervisor
8. How might an existential therapist work with Stan’s depression and suicidal thoughts?
a. by examining his faulty belief system
b. by confronting Stan with the issue of finding meaning and purpose in his life
c. by using active listening and reflection as Stan talks about his feelings
d. by determining the nature of his shadow
e. both (a) and (b)
9. The therapy approach most likely to focus directly on helping Stan to stop using alcohol and drugs
would be:
a. person-centered therapy.
b. Gestalt therapy.
c. behavior therapy.
d. existential therapy.
e. psychoanalytic therapy.
10. Stan’s person-centered therapist would see Stan as a man who:
a. needs help in setting goals.
b. has unresolved issues from his past.
c. must face the fact that he is ultimately alone.
d. needs to learn to live with his anxiety.
e. possesses the necessary resources for personal growth.
11. According to a person-centered therapist, the most important aspect of therapy with Stan will be:
a. the therapeutic relationship.
b. the exploration of his past.
c. putting insights into action.
d. teaching him to think in new, positive ways.
e. active listening.
12. Which therapeutic approach would place the least emphasis on having Stan explore his feelings about
his ex-wife?
a. psychoanalytic therapy
b. behavior therapy
c. Gestalt therapy
d. person-centered therapy
e. both (b) and (c)
13. Which therapeutic approach would work to help Stan recognize, claim, and embrace his personal
power?
a. narrative therapy
b. rational emotive behavior therapy
c. reality therapy
d. feminist therapy
e. existential therapy
14. What are some Gestalt techniques that would help Stan deal with the unfinished business concerning
his ex-wife?
a. having him “speak” to her in the present
b. “staying with the feeling”
c. the rehearsal experiment
d. all of the above
15. The Gestalt approach to helping Stan resolve issues from his past would involve:
a. asking him to bring these significant people to future therapy sessions.
b. talking in detail about past experiences.
c. interpreting his dreams by using universal symbolism.
d. reliving and reexperiencing painful scenes.
e. examining Stan’s stages of development for fixations.
16. Which one of the following approaches to therapy would pay the least attention to Stan’s thought
processes?
a. rational emotive behavior therapy
b. Adlerian therapy
c. Gestalt therapy
d. reality therapy
e. cognitive-behavioral therapies
17. Which of the following approaches would ask Stan to focus on systemic issues?
a. family therapy
b. Gestalt therapy
c. psychoanalytic therapy
d. person-centered therapy
e. solution-focused therapy
18. What technique(s) from behavior therapy might help Stan with his fear of women?
a. systematic desensitization
b. assertion training
c. modeling
d. social skills training
e. all of the above
19. What would a rational emotive behavior therapist say about Stan’s difficulties in life?
a. He will feel better if he learns to think more rationally.
b. He continually reindoctrinates himself with self-defeating sentences.
c. He will feel better when he simply gains insight into the past roots of his problems.
d. all of the above
e. all but (c)
20. According to rational emotive behavior therapy, what will bring about actual changes in Stan's life?
a. doing the hard work of challenging and changing irrational beliefs
b. recognizing ways his faulty beliefs affect what he does and how he feels
c. understanding the A-B-C theory
d. acknowledging the “shoulds” and “oughts” he has accepted
e. all of the above
21. Stan’s reality therapist would focus on all of the following, except:
a. Stan’s positive experiences with his camp supervisor.
b. Stan’s negative experiences during his childhood.
c. Stan’s wants and perceptions.
d. Stan’s future goals.
e. Stan’s evaluation pertaining to his drinking.
22. Stan’s reality therapist would:
a. explore Stan’s quality world.
b. ask him to engage in the process of self-evaluation of his behavior.
c. encourage Stan explore past experiences that might have contributed to his present problems.
d. none of the above
e. both (a) and (b)
23. Which of the following therapeutic approaches would place some emphasis on helping Stan with the
future?
a. narrative therapy
b. Adlerian therapy
c. reality therapy
d. solution-focused therapy
e. all of the above
24. Stan has completed his experience in counseling. Which of the following approaches would be
concerned with evaluating the outcomes of therapy?
a. existential therapy
b. behavior therapy
c. Gestalt therapy
d. rational emotive behavior therapy
e. the postmodern therapies
25. Stan has a tendency to relate external events to himself, even when there is no basis for making this
connection. He blamed himself for the incident in which a female classmate did not show up for a
lunch date. He agonized over this and convinced himself that she would have been humiliated to be
seen in his presence. This is an example of which form of cognitive distortion?
a. arbitrary inferences
b. overgeneralization
c. personalization
d. labeling and mislabeling
26. Stan frequently engages in thinking and interpreting in all-or-nothing terms. Through this process of
dichotomous thinking, Stan has self-defeating labels and boxes that keep him restricted. This is an
example of which form of cognitive distortion?
a. arbitrary inferences
b. overgeneralization
c. personalization
d. labeling and mislabeling
e. polarized thinking
27. Stan makes conclusions without supporting and relevant evidence. He often engages in
catastrophizing, which involves thinking about the worst possible scenario and outcome for a given
situation. This is an example of which form of cognitive distortion?
a. arbitrary inferences
b. overgeneralization
c. personalization
d. labeling and mislabeling
e. polarized thinking
28. Stan presents himself in light of his imperfections and mistakes. He allows his past failures to define
his total being. This is an example of which form of cognitive distortion?
a. arbitrary inferences
b. overgeneralization
c. personalization
d. labeling and mislabeling
e. polarized thinking
29. Stan acquired his beliefs on the basis of a single incident and applied them inappropriately and
broadly in many contexts of his life. This is an example of which form of cognitive distortion?
a. arbitrary inferences
b. overgeneralization
c. personalization
d. labeling and mislabeling
e. polarized thinking
30. Which of the following therapists would accept Stan’s drinking as the problem and help him
deconstruct his alcohol-saturated story and reauthor a new life story?
a. solution-oriented therapy
b. reality therapy
c. person-centered therapy
d. narrative therapy
e. rational emotive behavior therapy
31. Using an narrative approach to Stan’s therapy, the therapist would have the general goal of:
a. exploring the causes of his current problems with women.
b. assisting Stan in the process of reauthoring his life story.
c. uncovering Stan’s basic mistakes in his thinking.
d. focusing on eliminating the presenting problem and finding solutions.
e. attempting to restructure the family dynamics.
32. In working with Stan, a solution-focused therapist would most likely utilize the following
technique(s):
a. bibliotherapy
b. assertiveness training
c. cognitive restructuring
d. exception questions
e. none of the above
33. A counselor using an integrative approach to working with Stan would be most concerned with:
a. holding Stan accountable for his problems.
b. conducting a comprehensive assessment as a basis for determining which techniques to
use with Stan.
c. finding a theoretical model that best explains Stan’s condition.
d. understanding Stan from multiple perspectives and developing a thoughtful and flexible
treatment plan tailored to his unique characteristics.
34. Which type of therapist would view the multitude of Stan’s concerns as the result of the choices he
has made in his life?
a. Gestalt therapist
b. reality therapist
c. feminist therapist
d. psychoanalytic therapist
e. person-centered therapist
35. Stan is a man who is quite concerned about what others think of him. He worries that his peers and
family thinks he’s a “loser”. What type of therapist would have Stan participate in shame-attacking
exercises to conquer his fear of negative evaluation of others?
a. Gestalt therapist
b. behavior therapist
c. rational emotive behavior therapist
d. reality therapist
ANSWER KEY FOR CHAPTER 16
MULTIPLE-CHOICE TEST QUESTIONS
