True / False
1. Public order crimes are outlawed because they threaten the general well-being of society and challenge society’s
accepted moral principles.
a. True
b. False
2. Some acts that cause enormous amounts of social harm are perfectly legal.
a. True
b. False
3. Regardless of circumstance, it would be a crime to ignore a drowning child.
a. True
b. False
4. Moral crusaders seek to shape the law toward objective, universal standards of right and wrong.
a. True
b. False
5. When those engaged in paraphilic behaviors do so in the privacy of their homes, they remain outside the law’s
reach.
a. True
b. False
6. Exhibitionism is the deriving of sexual pleasure from rubbing against a non–consenting person in a crowd, elevator, or
other public place.
a. True
b. False
7. The earliest record of prostitution appears in ancient Mesopotamia, where priests engaged in sex to promote fertility
in the community.
a. True
b. False
8. Today, the act of prostitution includes three elements: activity that has sexual significance for the prostitute,
economic indifference, and emotional attachment.
a. True
b. False
9. Bar girls are the aristocrats of prostitution, charging customers thousands of dollars per night.
a. True
b. False
10. The free choice view is that prostitution, if freely chosen, expresses women’s equality and is not a symptom of
subjugation.
a. True
b. False
11. When governments legalize prostitution, it leads to a massive expansion of the trade, both legal and illegal.
a. True
b. False
12. Evidence indicates that child pornography is not linked to child abuse.
a. True
b. False
13. The Supreme Court has ruled that material is obscene if it has prurient sexual content and is devoid of social value.
a. True
b. False
14. The subcultural view of drug abuse causation has an environmental basis.
a. True
b. False
15. Source control strategies, such as dissuading coca cultivation in Peru and Colombia, can undermine the economies
of third world nations.
a. True
b. False
16. Public order crimes that violate the moral order but has no specific victim oter than society as a whole is called a
victimless crime.
a. True
b. False
17. Substance abuse is an ancient practice dating back more than 4,000 years.
a. True
b. False
18. The cause of substance abuse is related to a single reason.
a. True
b. False
19. Sexual abuse of girls may later lead some of those girls into prostitution.
a. True
b. False
20. Most prostitutes face little or no danger in their lives.
a. True
b. False
Multiple Choice
21.
are behaviors outlawed because they are a threat to the general well-being of society and challenge
accepted moral principles.
a. Moral order crimes
b. Civic deviances
c. Public order crimes
d. Ethical deviances
22. According to legal scholar, Morris Cohen, why should victimless crimes be criminally prohibited?
a. Because then moral crusaders would not get to define the law.
b. Because victimless crimes are highly immoral just like “street crimes.”
c. Because one of the functions of criminal law is to express the public’s shared sense of morality.
d. Because victimless crimes cause social harm and all acts that cause social harm are criminally prohibited.
23. According to the theory of social harm, immoral acts can be distinguished from crimes on the basis of the
cause.
a. social outrage
b. injury
c. financial loss
d. depravity
they
24. People who seek to control or criminalize deviant behaviors in accordance with their own way of thinking are called
a. moralists.
b. moral entrepreneurs.
c. power seekers.
d. social activists.
25. The movement to ban gay marriage in California that led to the passage of Proposition 8 is an example of a/an
a. moral crusade.
b. religious policy.
c. ethical mandate.
d. social campaign.
26. Which of the following statements is accurate?
a. Societies usually encourage behaviors, and thus finds itself in conflict with lawmakers, who consider those
acts dangerous.
b. The line between behaviors that are immoral and those that are criminal are often blurred.
c. People with strong moral beliefs are less likely to engage in moral crusades than people absent strong moral
beliefs.
d. Most behaviors, such as murder and theft, were declared criminal by government before they were deemed
immoral by society.
27. refers to the rubbing against or touching of a non-consenting adult in a crowd.
a. Exhibitionism
b. Frotteurism
c. Pedophilia
d. Voyeurism
28. Of all the commonly practiced paraphilias, which causes the general public the most concern?
a. pedophilia
b. frotteurism
c. sadomasochism
d. exhibitionism
29. Your neighbor obtains sexual pleasure from spying on strangers while they disrobe. This neighbor is a/an
a. exhibitionist.
b. frotteurist.
c. pedophile.
d. voyeur.
30. Attaining sexual pleasure through sexual activity with prepubescent children is referred to as
a. frotteurism.
b. pedophilia.
c. voyeurism.
d. sadomasochism.
31. is a disturbing behavior whereby men travel overseas to places such as Thailand in order to engage in
illicit sexual behavior with young girls who have been sold into prostitution.
a. Pedophilia tourism
b. Pedophilia trafficking
c. Sex tourism
d. Sex trafficking
32. Modern commercial sex appears to have its roots in ancient
BC.
a. Rome
b. Greece
c. Mesopotamia
d. Persia
where Solon established licensed brothels in 500
33. Which of the following is NOT a condition present in a strictly commercial sexual transaction?
a. activity that has sexual significance for the customer
b. economic transaction
c. felonious violence
d. emotional indifference
34. Which category of prostitute is believed to be responsible for the recent upsurge in prostitution?
a. bar girls
b. skeezers
c. call girls
d. ehookers
35. The arrest rate for prostitution reveals that the gender ratio is female to male.
a. 1:1
b. 1:2
c. 2:1
d. 3:1
36. International trafficking in prostitution flourishes. Hundreds of thousands of children and women, primarily from
, are abducted or lured by the promise of good jobs and, instead, end up in the sex trade in industrialized
countries including the United States.
a. Southeast Asia and Eastern Europe
b. Western Europe and South Africa
c. South Africa and Southeast Asia
d. Eastern Europe and South Africa
37. The aristocrats of prostitution are who charge customers thousands of dollars per night and who may net
over $200,000 per year.
a. streetwalkers
b. circuit travelers
c. Ehookers
d. call girls
38. Which category of prostitute is considered the least attractive, lowest paid, and most vulnerable, regardless of
whether the prostitute is male or female?
a. brothel prostitutes
b. streetwalkers
c. escorts
d. circuit travelers
39. After World War I, prostitution became associated with , and the desire to protect young servicemen from
harm helped to end all experiments with legalization in the United States.
a. organized crime
b. immorality
c. violence
d. disease
40. Prostitution is illegal in all states except Nevada where licensed and highly regulated brothels can operate as business
enterprises in
a. rural counties
b. hotel casinos
c. Las Vegas and Reno
d. private residences
41. What does research indicate about the effects of legalizing prostitution?
a. Legalization leads to zoned areas where prostitution is cordoned off from suburban neighborhoods.
b. Legalization results in lower pay but increased freedom for prostitutes.
c. Legalization protects women from violence, verbal abuse, and physical injuries.
d. Legalization leads to massive expansion of the trade, both legal and illegal.
42. Feminists’ sexual equality view considers the prostitute a victim of
a. child sexual abuse
b. economic circumstances
c. male dominance
d. personal choices
43. Which of the following is a contention of opponents of pornography?
a. Pornography has increased racism in the United States.
b. Pornography is allowable if sold only in adult book stores.
c. Pornography serves to encourage women to enter pornographic industries.
d. Pornography degrades both the people who are participants and the public who are sometimes forced to see
it.
44. Obscenity is derived from the Latin word caenum that means
a. perversion.
b. filth.
c. illegal.
d. twisted.
45. The Amendment right to free speech makes legal control of pornography quite difficult.
a. First
b. Second
c. Fourth
d. Sixth
46. Tying drug use to factors such as racial prejudice, low self-esteem, poor socioeconomic status, and the high levels of
mistrust, negativism, and defiance found in impoverished areas describes whish causal explanation of drug use?
a. social learning
b. psychological view
c. subcultural view
d. problem behavior syndrome
47. Problem behavior syndrome contends that
a. genetics hold the key to addiction.
b. the neighborhood is the primary determinant of substance abuse.
c. substance abuse is linked to impaired cognitive functioning.
d. substance abuse is just one of many problem behaviors.
48. Border patrols are examples of strategies aimed at stopping drug use.
a. rehabilitation
b. interdiction
c. restorative
d. diversion
49. Which issue presents an obstacle to controlling drugs via source control strategies?
a. The drug trade is an important source of foreign revenue and source control undermines third world
economies.
b. The amount of foreign grown narcotics is so vast that even if 75 percent of the opium market were
destroyed, the United States would still require only 10 percent of the remainder to sustain its drug trade.
c. Even if the government of one nation were willing to cooperate in vigorous drug suppression efforts, other
nations would be eager to cash in on the drug trade void.
d. These are all issues that present obstacles to controlling drugs via source control strategies.
50. Ethan Nedelmann argues that drugs should be legalized because
a. legalization will increase the price of drugs making it too costly for people to use drugs.
b. the use of mood-altering substances is customary in almost all human societies.
c. taxes the government could charge on drugs would help pay for drug prevention and treatment.
d. if mood–altering drugs were legal, juveniles would be less likely to use them.
Two days after three women missing at least a decade were freed from a home in downtown Cleveland, details
about the victims and the suspect began to emerge. Police said Amanda Berry, Gina DeJesus and Michelle Knight
were all held captive in a home owned by local musician and bus driver Ariel Castro. Neighbors said they had no
idea anyone else was inside Castro’s home on Seymour Avenue. They only knew him as a “nice guy” who liked
to attend barbecues, listen to Spanish music and ride a four–wheeler. But police say his home was a prison, where
the three women were tied down in order to keep from escaping.
51. Of the many criminal acts perpetrated by Ariel Castro, which offense was he not likely to have committed?
a. paraphilias
b. frotteurism
c. sadomasochism
d. assault and battery
52. Which category of crime best fits this case?
a. prostitution
b. paraphilias
c. pornography
d. substance abuse
53. Since the youngest of the three women was 14 years old at the time of her abduction, Castro would not be
considered a
a. pimp
b. pedophile
c. sexual predator
d. sadomasochist
54. Castro’s abduction and rape of these three women when some were minors makes this case a offense.
a. pedophilia
b. sex-related
c. sex trade
d. paraphilias
55. Of the many criminal acts perpetrated by Ariel Castro, which offense was he likely to have committed from the list
below?
a. pedophilia
b. frotteurism
c. sadomasochism
d. exhibitionism
The Emperor’s Club VIP, as discussed in the introduction to the chapter, was really a prostitution ring that had as
one of its clients then governor of New York, Eliot Spitzer. Known as Client 9, Spitzer paid about $80,000 for the
services of the women who worked there, and resigned in disgrace once the scandal hit the media. One of those
women who worked as a prostitute and was a favorite of Spitzer, Ashley Dupre’, who went on to become both
famous and rather wealthy, with assets worth more than $1.4 million. This was rather a surprising outcome for a
homeless, broke, high school dropout.
56. Ashley Dupre’ would be considered what type of prostitute?
a. streetwalker
b. brothel prostitute
c. call girl
d. bar girl
57. Which of the following was not a factor in Dupre’ becoming a prostitute?
a. unemployed
b. low education level
c. substance abuse
d. homeless
58. The textbook labels the Dupre‘s type of prostitution as the of prostitution.
a. “unfortunates“
b. “lowest level“
c. “aristocrats”
d. “sex–slaves”
59. Eliot Spitzer, in this case, would be considered a
a. moral offender only
b. bill
c. john
d. victim
60. The one trait shared by all of the clients of the Emperor‘s VIP Club was their
a. poverty
b. anonymity
c. wealth
d. history of substance abuse
Navy Lt. Cmdr. Rebecca Dickinson, 38 years old and a divorced mother of three, worked for a prostitution ring run
by a California businesswoman known as the D. C. Madam, but then filed for bankruptcy. In a criminal trial that
exposed and embarrassed the influential clients of the large sex-for-hire business, the early days of the trial were
remarkable for the public humiliation of an accomplished but financially desperate Navy officer who was paid $130 a
90–minute session.
61. Based on the information in the preface, Lt. Cmdr. Dickinsin would be considered what type of prostitute?
a. streetwalker
b. brothel prostitute
c. call girl
d. bar girl
62. The likely motivation for Dickinson to become a prostitute was for reasons.
a. political
b. professional
c. economic
d. personal
63. Dickinson does not fit the usual typography of a “first-time” prostitute because of her
a. need for money
b. divorced status
c. age
d. personal likability
64. Based on the information in the preface, Dickinson‘s pathway into prostitution, unlike many others‘ who become
prostitutes, did not include a history of
a. severe financial distress
b. disruption in their personal life
c. sexual abuse
d. unemployment
65. Dickinson stopped as a prostitute for a while, but when her financial situation deteriorated, she emailed the head of
the call girl ring and asked about coming back to work. Dickinson‘s experience as a prostitute likely did not include
which of the following?
a. a better class of client
b. good pay
c. physical abuse
d. good working conditions
Essay
66. Why is it that the legislation of moral issues continuously frustrates lawmakers? How do public order crimes differ
from other types of offenses?
67. Explain the concept of social harm and discuss the contention by some scholars that public order crimes are not
necessarily victimless offenses.
68. Using anti-smut or anti-gay marriage campaigns as your example, explain how moral crusaders seek to shape the
law.
69. Some sexual practices cause social harm and are outlawed and subject to state control. Identify and discuss these
outlawed forms of deviant sexuality.
70. Describe the conditions necessary in a commercial sexual transaction (i.e., prostitution) and the current trend in
arrests for prostitution.
71. The term “prostitute” encompasses a variety of categories. Identify and discuss the various types of prostitute that
exist in the United States today.
72. Discuss the issue of legalized prostitution, presenting the viewpoints of advocates for and against legalization.
73. Explain the origin of the words “pornography” and “obscenity” and discuss the current legal meanings of these
terms.
74. There are many different views on the cause of drug use. Explain the subcultural and psychological views of
substance abuse causation.
75. A number of different drug control strategies have been tried with varying degrees of success. Discuss these various
strategies and their effectiveness.
76. A person who creates a unique moral rule is referred to as a .
77. marriage is one example of a current moral crusade.
78. is the word used to describe bizarre or abnormal sexual practices that may involve nonhuman objects,
humiliation, or children.
79. Deriving sexual pleasure by exposing genitals to the shock or surprise of a stranger is called .
80. is the payment to a prostitute in return for a sexual act.
81. are prostitutes who work the street in plain sight of the police.
82. are materials that violate community standards of morality or decency and has no redeeming social value.
83. The Amendment guarantees free speech.
84. The effort in the early 1900s to remove alcohol from the public and private sphere and culminated in Prohibition was
called the .
85. Having five or more drinks on a single occasion is the definition of .