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64. A ____ is an institution intended to punish criminals by isolating them from society and from one another so they can
reflect on their past misdeeds, repent, and reform.
a.
jail
b.
penitentiary
c.
reformatory
d.
dormitory
65. Under the ______ system, inmates were "loaned" to contractors who provided the prisoners with food and clothing in
exchange for their labor.
a.
lease
b.
contract labor
c.
exchange
d.
"Good Samaritan"
66. Which of the following is not a principle of the separate confinement system?
a.
Prisoners would not be treated vengefully but should be convinced that
through hard and selective forms of suffering they could change their lives.
b.
Solitary confinement would prevent further corruption inside prison.
c.
Solitary confinement is expensive.
d.
In isolation, offenders would reflect on their transgressions and repent.
67. The __________ is responsible for the punishment of federal offenders.
a.
Federal Bureau of Incarceration
b.
Federal Bureau of Prisons
c.
Federal Bureau of Preventative Crime
d.
Federal Bureau of Crime Displacement
68. _____ and high levels of violence are the hallmarks of many jails.
a.
Murder
b.
Suicide
c.
Theft
d.
Gangs
69. The Bureau of Prisons enters into contractual agreements with cities to provide which of the following services?
a.
Halfway houses
b.
Prerelease programs
c.
Electronic monitoring
d.
All of the above
70. With an estimated 13 million admissions and releases per year, more people directly experience _____ than
experience prisons, mental hospitals, and halfway houses combined.
a.
boot camps
b.
parole
c.
probation
d.
jails
Javier was recently tried and convicted of trafficking cocaine across state lines. He was sentenced to a mandatory 10-year
prison sentence. Javier is a citizen of Mexico; however, he has been living in the United States for the last several years
with his wife and two young children. Javier is serving his sentence in a single cell with little to no contact throughout the
day. The warden seems to believe in old-style punishment.
71. Because Javier is not a legal citizen of the United States, he would be considered a(n)
a.
deported noncitizen.
b.
documented worker.
c.
undocumented worker.
d.
citizen in wait.
72. Javier was convicted of trafficking cocaine across state lines. He is most likely serving his time in which type of
correctional facility?
a.
State prison
b.
Federal prison
c.
Private prison
d.
Jail
73. Javier does not like the fact that the warden likes to keep the inmates separate in order to intensify their punishment,
which is an example of
a.
separate confinement.
b.
the contract labor system.
c.
the congregate system.
d.
the jail system.
74. Once Javier completes his 10-year sentence, the next step is
a.
halfway house placement.
b.
parole.
c.
reformatory placement.
d.
deportation.
75. Javier's conviction was on a non-violent offense, which means he likely would not serve his sentence in a
a.
Level 2 prison.
b.
Level 3 prison.
c.
Level 4 prison.
d.
Level 5 or “supermax” prison.
Wesley is serving a 10-month sentence for driving while impaired. This was Wesley’s second conviction. He has never
served time before and is overwhelmed with his experience so far. He is serving his time with all walks of life and most
inmates say they are not guilty. Wesley cannot believe he is serving time and the manager is someone he supported and
actually voted for. Wesley knows that the next 10 months cannot go fast enough.
76. Wesley is most likely serving his time in a(n)
a.
jail.
b.
state prison.
c.
federal prison.
d.
immigration prison.
77. Wesley is upset that he is managed by someone he voted for. He is referring to the
a.
warden.
b.
sheriff.
c.
chief.
d.
secretary.
78. Which of the following groups of individuals will not be serving time in the same facility as Wesley?
a.
Those charged with misdemeanors
b.
Mentally ill
c.
Substance abusers
d.
Felons
79. Which of the following statements regarding Wesley is correct?
a.
Wesley would not meet any inmates in jail who were arrested for violent crimes like murder.
b.
Wesley could meet inmates while in jail who were arrested for violent crimes like murder.
c.
Wesley has more rights in county jail than those serving time in state prisons.
d.
Wesley is serving with others who have been convicted and sentenced.
Jodi is serving a 5-year sentence for assault with a deadly weapon with intent to kill. She is incarcerated in the only
institution for females in the state. Jodi feels as though her constitutional rights have been trampled on several times,
especially when they search her cell. Jodi feels that the correctional officers do not treat the inmates properly, and she has
had enough. She plans to attempt to file a lawsuit.
80. Jodi is most likely serving her sentence in which of the following facilities?
a.
State prison
b.
Federal prison
c.
Jail
d.
Immigration court
81. As an inmate, Jodi would not have always had the right to sue for constitutional rights violations. Which court case
gave Jodi this right?
a.
Procunier v. Martinez (1974)
b.
Cooper v. Pate (1964)
c.
Theriault v. Carlson (1977)
d.
Cruz v. Beto (1972)
82. Jodi feels that her Fourth Amendment rights have been violated due to the searches of her cell. According to ____,
Jodi does not have a case.
a.
Hudson v. Palmer (1984)
b.
Cooper v. Pate (1964)
c.
Fulwood v. Clemmer (1962)
d.
Gittlemacker v. Prasse (1970)
83. In which case did the Supreme Court rule that parolees have a right to an attorney and a two-step revocation hearing
process?
a.
Monell v. Department of Social Services for the City of New York (1978)
b.
Morrissey v. Brewer (1972)
c.
Samson v. California (2006)
d.
Cooper v. Pate (1964)
84. Which would be a reason for the growth in the prison population?
a.
The increased number of private prisons
b.
The increased number of criminal justice programs
c.
The three-fold increase in the parole population
d.
Fewer offenders being sentenced to the community
85. Which of the following is not a feature of the community model of corrections?
a.
Reintegration as a goal.
b.
Get-tough polices
c.
A challenge to conventional governmental powers.
d.
Outgrowth of the civil rights movement.
86. ______ is the formal government removal of an alien from the United States.
87. An institution intended to punish criminals by isolating them from society is called a(n) ______.
88. Under the _____ system, inmates’ labor was sold to private employers.
89. An institution for young offenders emphasizing training is called a(n) ______.
90. The _____ model of corrections is based on the assumption that criminal behavior is caused by biological influences.
91. The _____ was created by Congress in 1930, and currently operates a system of prisons located throughout the nation.
92. The correctional responsibilities of the federal government are divided between the _____ and the Administrative
Office of the U.S. Courts.
93. The administration of prisons is part of the _____ branch of government.
94. _____ prisons are managed by nongovernmental bodies.
95. ______ are secure facilities in which inmates stay for less than 1 year.
96. Though a majority of the population in the United States, ______ form only a small minority of the country's prison
population.
97. The racial identity of nearly half of the hails population is ______.
98. The U.S. Supreme Court has determined that cruel and unusual punishment must be based on the _____ in the
institution.
99. Under the ______ system, inmates benefited from continued recordings of good behavior, which increased their grade
toward release.
100. President Reagan’s crusade against illegal narcotics was called the _______.
101. ______ is a model of corrections based on the goal of reintegrating the offender into the community.
102. The _____ model of corrections emphasizes the need to restore a convicted offender to a constructive place in
society through some form of vocational or educational training or therapy.
103. Designed for first-time felons aged 16 to 30, the approach at Elmira incorporated a(n) _____ of classification,
indeterminate sentencing, and parole.
104. People on ____ under community supervision now make up 57% of the correctional population, yet budgets and
staffing have not risen accordingly.
105. In the past three decades, the states and the federal government have passed laws that _____ sentences for most
crimes.
106. The U.S. Supreme Court decision in _____ signaled the end of the hands-off policy.
107. _____ courts are an alternative to criminal courts as they can help those with emotional and developmental issues.
108. Deportation hearings are conducted by ______.
109. Get-tough polices are associated with the ____ model of corrections.
110. _____ are non-citizens who are in the United States legally but have been convicted of a crime.
111. What were the main criticisms of the separate confinement and congregate systems? Why did the United States move
away from these methods of incarceration?
112. Which model of corrections do you think would be most successful in reducing criminal behavior following
incarceration?
113. What challenges do female prisoners face during incarceration? How do these differ from those faced by male
prisoners?
114. Discuss two landmark cases in which constitutional rights were extended to prisoners? Do you think that prisoners
have too many rights (after all, once incarcerated, you lose many rights along with your freedom)?
115. Discuss the pros and cons of prison privatization.
116. Describe the direction of community corrections.
117. How does the use of segregation affect prisoners, especially during their initial confinements?
118. How has the use of technology affected prisoners? How has it challenged guards?
119. What is the future of corrections? What can we do to prepare for this new horizon? Will we see new crimes? New
prison construction?
120. Cooper v. Pate (1964) ended the hands-off doctrine, allowing inmates to be able to sue. Was this a wise court
decision? Why or why not? Can we limit the endless, frivolous lawsuits that this ruling encouraged?
121. Discuss the law of corrections and how it is applied to offenders and correctional personnel.
