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Chapter 12: Advocacy for Professional Counseling
Multiple Choice
The act or process of supporting a cause is the definition of what?
a. Support
b. Advocacy
c. Petitioning
d. Encouraging
Advocacy efforts that include collaborating and supporting individuals is considered
what level of advocacy?
a. Meso level
b. Micro level
c. Macro level
d. Exo level
Advocacy that addresses legislative decision and policy making is what level of
advocacy?
a. Exo level
b. Micro level
c. Meso level
d. Macro level
Ensuring that war veterans receive timely and adequate mental health services and
launching media campaigns to educate others on the importance of this issue is an
example of:
a. Social advocacy
b. Clinical mental health advocacy
c. Professional advocacy
d. Career advocacy
_______________________ is working with or on behalf of one’s profession.
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a. Career advocacy
b. Professional advocacy
c. Social advocacy
d. Supportive advocacy
Which type of advocacy have counselors engaged in to make changes for individuals,
groups, and the profession, in order to meet the holistic needs of diverse client
populations?
a. Professional advocacy
b. Career advocacy
c. Supportive advocacy
d. Social advocacy
Advocacy in counseling has suffered disagreement on what issue among counselors?
a. Counseling definitions that focused on individuals, families, or couples
b. Counseling definitions that focused on groups, schools, and communities
c. How to best advocate for oppressed individuals
d. Ethical guidelines for advocacy practices
What is an important reason why professional counseling organizations support
professional advocacy?
a. It allows counselors to support issues important to them in the field
b. It promotes meaningful changes for clients and communities
c. It brings attention to the counseling profession
d. It increases funding opportunities for the field
In the 1960’s, advocacy efforts increased because of funding that became available
for counselor education programs as well as:
a. The need for affordable mental health care for veterans
b. An increase in diverse student populations attending public schools
c. Career and guidance counseling for students and employees began
changing
d. Demonstration of social justice issues and interests
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How many divisions are there currently in the ACA?
a. 4
b. 19
c. 32
d. 54
How many ACA regions are there currently?
a. 54
b. 19
c. 32
d. 4
ACA ___________________ provide advocacy efforts supporting members in their
jurisdiction.
a. Divisions
b. Branches
c. Regions
d. Regional associations
What is purpose of ACA divisions?
a. Provide advocacy efforts
b. Increase professional identity for special practice areas
c. Enhance communication and align state and national agendas
d. Offer professional development opportunities
What is one implication of the diversity of addictions counseling as it relates to the
IAAOC advocacy group?
a. There are several subspecialty branches for various addiction behaviors
that counselors treat
b. There has been an increase in IAAOC membership since it is inclusive of all
addictions counselors
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c. There has been a small number of members in IAAOC
d. Advocacy efforts by IAAOC has increased given the impairment addictions
can have on a client’s life
Besides IAAOC, what is the other research and advocacy addictions group that the
textbook describes?
a. CACREP
b. SAMHSA
c. NIMH
d. NCDA
Which of the following statements regarding career counseling
certification/licensure is true?
a. Career counseling certification is one of the most difficult specialty
certifications to obtain
b. Career counseling licensure and certification is regulated at the state level
c. Career counseling certification is one of the easiest specialty certification to
obtain
d. Career counseling is not licensed or certified at the state level
Seiler and Messina (1976) indicated that ___________________ counseling was an
interdisciplinary process of the promotion of healthy life styles, identification of
individual stressors and personal levels of functioning, and preservation or
restoration of mental health.
a. Mental health
b. Rehabilitation
c. Clinical
d. Career
_____________________ counseling assists individuals with cognitive, mental,
developmental, physical, and emotional disabilities to attain their individual,
occupational, and self-determined living goals.
a. Rehabilitation
b. Career
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c. School
d. Clinical mental health
Which of the following is not an organization that advocates for the profession of
rehabilitation counseling?
a. Commission on Rehabilitation Counselor Certification
b. National Council on Rehabilitation Education
c. National Rehabilitation Association
d. American Rehabilitation Counselors Association
Why has there been discussions at the national level regarding the development of a
single rehabilitation counseling organization, rather than maintain multiple
organizations?
a. It is more difficult to manage multiple organizations
b. Multiple organizations dilute the voice of counselors and the profession
c. Organizations are often in competition with one another for resources and
recognition
d. All of the above
What changes occurred after the release of The ASCA National Model: A Framework
for School Counseling Programs?
a. Advocacy became a key role for school counselors
b. Standards were set for school counselors graduate training programs
c. Administrative duties became part of school counselors’ responsibilities
d. Increased collaboration among school counselors and school personnel
What does ASCA stand for?
a. Association for School Counselor Administrators
b. American School Counselor Association
c. American Society for Career Advancement
d. Association for School and College Advisement
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ASCA engages in several advocacy activities. Which of the following is not one of the
activities mentioned in the textbook?
a. Ethical code
b. Publications
c. Annual national conference
d. All of the above
In which specialty area of counseling are the two main organizations separate,
causing limited voice unification and competition rather than sharing?
a. School counseling
b. Rehabilitation Counseling
c. Student affairs counseling
d. Career counseling
Why do counselors disagree with the broad definition of counseling?
a. It does not fit well with all specialty practice areas
b. Not all members of the governing council voted on the definition
c. It is too general
d. It does not take into account the variety of settings counselors work in
Which of the following beliefs that distinguish the counseling profession from other
professions is described as the “recognition that many challenges people face are
transitory and part of a regular progression of human experience”?
a. Use of a wellness model
b. View that personal and emotional issues are developmental
c. Use of prevention and early intervention methods
d. Empowering clients
What type of accreditation is granted by regional and national accrediting
commissions?
a. Institutional accreditation
b. CACREP accreditation
c. Specialized accreditation
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d. Counseling accreditation
What type of accreditation is awarded to professional programs within institutions
or to occupational schools offering specific training, skills, and knowledge?
a. Institutional accreditation
b. CACREP accreditation
c. Specialized accreditation
d. Counseling accreditation
___________________ represents integration of professional training and personal
characteristics influenced by intrapersonal and interpersonal experiences.
a. Counseling
b. Advocacy
c. Supervision
d. Professional identity
One of the easiest and most important steps that a counselor can engage in to
advocate for the profession is to:
a. Joining professional associations
b. Engaging in public relations in the digital age
c. Conducting needs assessments
d. Collaborating with other helping professionals
True/False
Professional advocacy is one way professional counselors have made changes in
response to historical forces for individuals, groups, and the profession to meet the
holistic needs of diverse client populations.
Most professional counselors view social advocacy as a “fifth force” within the
counseling profession.
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The 2009 CACREP standards require that advocacy be taught to graduate students
in every counseling specialty area.
Currently, many professional counseling organizations support advocacy, however
some continue to discourage counselors for advocacy activities.
The purpose of ACA divisions, branches, and regions allow specific advocacy efforts
to be specialized for particular areas of practice and populations.
Within some ACA divisions there are regional associations.
There are 100 chartered branches in the United States, Europe, and Latin America.
Efforts have been made to increase IAAOC membership and professional activities
by engaging in activities such as providing new organizational structure to meet the
needs of members and increase technology use to provide member services.
The NCDA an NECA are the two divisions of ACA that focus on career and
employment counseling.
CACREP is the only organization that accredits master’s, doctoral, and postgraduate
degree training programs in marriage and family therapy.
The American Mental Health Counselors Association voted to keep a professional
division connection with ACA and became financially and administratively separate.
Membership has been increasing in national rehabilitation counseling organizations.
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In the early 2000’s ASCA voted against staying an ACA division and is completely
independent.
In 2011, NASPA and ACPA had a vote that fell 3 percentage points short of
unification.
The term ‘counseling’ is a broad term that is used by many other professional
associations.
Short-Answer/Essay
What is the definition of advocacy? What are the characteristics of advocacy?
What are the six key areas of ACA’s advocacy competencies?
What is the purpose of ACA divisions, regions, and branches?
What are the seven core specialty areas in professional counseling?
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What is professional identity? Give examples of components of professional identity
What are the four beliefs that distinguish the counseling profession from other
professions?
Answer –
List strategies that you can engage in to advocate for the counseling profession.