Counseling Chapter 11 Restriction Movement Confiscating Passports Visas And Identification

CHAPTER 11 – TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME

Multiple Choice

1. La Cosa Nostra refers to groups of organized crime within which ethnicity?

A. Italian

B. French

C. Japanese

D. Spanish

2. Which of the following is an example of the provision of illicit goods and services?

A. Fraud

B. Extortion

C. Illicit arms trafficking

D. Corruption using intimidation

3. The infiltration of business or government is not characterized by the following?

A. Business and consumer fraud

B. Extortion

C. Corruption

D. Stolen property

4. What enforces contracts within organized crime circles?

A. Written documents

B. Verbal agreements

C. Threats of violence

D. Threats of incarceration

5. Triads and Tongs are examples of organized crime groups within which ethnicity?

A. Japanese

B. Chinese

C. Vietnamese

D. Russian

6. What does “Yakuza” refer to within Japanese popular culture?

A. An expensive pair of shoes

B. The bad kids out in a school yard

C. The best possible hand in a popular Japanese card game

D. The worst possible hand in a popular Japanese card game

7. Which of the following is not one of the structures and organizations that the United

Nations survey found?

A. Rigid hierarchy

B. Core criminal group

C. Loose criminal association

D. Hierarchical conglomerate

8. Which of the following is the most significant reason that organized crime has become an

international problem?

A. Globalization of the world economy

B. Corruption has spread

C. Glorification of organized crime groups in the international media through popular

culture

D. Lax legislation on organized crime

9. Which of the following countries has been identified by the Child Soldiers Prevention

Act as using child soldiers?

A. China

B. Libya

C. Chile

D. South Africa

10. Which of the following countries has not been identified by the Trafficking in Persons

Act as a Tier 3 country?

A. Congo

B. Israel

C. Yemen

D. Saudi Arabia

11. Which of the following is the most common example of cybercrime?

A. Fraud

B. Extortion

C. Stolen intellectual property

D. Threats

12. Which of the following reports the lowest levels of Fraud?

A. Mexico

B. United States

C. Japan

D. United Kingdom

13. Which of the following has the highest corruption?

A. Australia

B. New Zealand

C. Finland

D. Venezuela

14. What is the best example of international cooperation against organized crime, which is

the first international instrument of its kind?

A. Combined Forces Special Enforcement

B. The Serious Organized Crime Agency

C. Internet Fraud Complaint Center

D. United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime

15. An underground paperless banking system in which money is deposited in one country

with a trusted broker and withdrawn the same day from a broker in another country is

called:

A. Hawala

B. Fraud

C. Bank of America

D. Western Union

Sentence Completion

1. ______________________ is a continuing criminal enterprise that rationally works to profit

from illicit actives that are often in great public demand.

2. There has been an evolution from traditional prostitution to ___________________, in which

victims are moved using fraud or coercion to make them forced laborers or sexual slaves.

3. ________________ syndicates provide goods and services.

4. __________________ syndicates are involved in social control and efforts to rule through

intimidation and fear of sanctions.

5. The use of ethnicity to explain organized crime is called the __________________.

6. The Mafia and Yakuza groups are good examples of organized crime of the ____________

type, which means they have ongoing hierarchical structures.

7. The misuse of computer and the internet to carry out criminal activity is called

___________________.

8. _________________ and ________________ often occurred transnationally using email

contacts with prospective victims.

9. ______________ is defined as abuse of a position of power for illegitimate private gain.

10. The______________________ produced by Transparency International examines the

perceptions of businesspersons and analysts both inside and outside of 180 countries worldwide.

11. The _________________ in Colombia was one of the largest cocaine- trafficking

organizations in history.

12. _________________________________________ entered into force in 2005 and, as of this

writing, 160 nations have ratified it, representing more than three-fourths of the world’s nations.

The Corruption Convention has provisions that focus on prevention, criminalization,

international cooperation, and asset recovery.

13. ___________________________________________________ has been ratified by 168

countries, more than three-fourths of the world’s nations, requiring them to adopt a series of

measures that include criminalizing participation in a criminal group, money-laundering laws,

extradition laws, mutual legal assistance, specific victim protection measures, and law

enforcement provisions.

14. It has been observed that the rise of ________________________ is an unfortunate by-

product of globalization, through which technological advances and lower barriers to trade have

created seamless electronic environment and empowered new classes of actors which bypass

nation-states.

15. __________________ occurs when individuals searching for companionship or romance

online were targeted as victims of cybercrime.

True/ False

1. There has been an evolution from fencing stolen televisions to stealing intellectual property.

2. Trafficking in persons is an example of Infiltration of legitimate businesses.

3. Power indicates are more common today, because organized criminals find that the big profits

are in providing illicit commodities.

4. A United Nations survey found 40 different organized criminal groups in 16 countries, but

only one-third were ethnically based.

5. Yakuza gangs in Japan engage primarily in extortion.

6. A hierarchical conglomerate is a horizontal structure of core individuals who describe

themselves as working for the same organization.

7. A devolved hierarchy has a single boss with strong internal discipline within several divisions.

8. One of the main reasons organized crime has evolved from a local problem to an international

issue is because of globalization.

9. Human trafficking usually occurs as a three-step process in which victims are recruited,

transported, and then exploited.

10. Child soldiering involves the unlawful recruitment or use of children as combatants or other

forms of labor.

11. There is currently no legislation in Europe that is focused on stopping human trafficking.

12. The objective of most cybercrimes is illicit financial gain.

13. FBI related scams are one of the top five crimes reported to the Internet Fraud Complaint

Center.

14. Romance scams result in an annual reported loss of more than $50 million.

15. Corruption and organized crime are inextricably linked. They rely on each other to maintain

their power, influence, and profitability.

Short Answers

1. Discuss what distinguishes organized crime from most other forms of criminal behavior.

2. Discuss the two main activity groups of organized crime, discuss the traditional nature of the

activities, give a contemporary example of each, and discuss the harm associated with the

activity.

3. Describe the three tiers that the U.S. State Department uses to evaluate the world human

trafficking situation. Also indicate what types of sanctions Tier 3 countries may receive

and give an example of a Tier 3 country.

4. What are the top five crimes reported to the Internet Fraud Complaint Center?

Essays

1. Define corruption and also discuss some factors that may contribute to corruption. Also,

discuss the four initiatives the United Nations has implemented in order to reduce corruption.

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2. Define power and enterprise syndicates. Be sure to acknowledge which type is more popular.

Also, discuss the gradual distinctions between the structure and organization of organized

criminal groups that is cited by the United Nations survey in the text.

3. Define human trafficking and discuss in detail the three methods of controlling human

trafficking victims.