Gamification deals with applying gaming mechanics to non-gaming situations.
The purpose of the design phase is to create a blueprint for the new system.
Throwaway prototyping balances the benefits of well-thought-out analysis and design
phases with the advantages of using prototypes to refine key issues before the system is
built.
“The system should be operational on a 24/7 basis for the users.” This is an example of
the availability and reliability requirements.
One of the earliest models for managing organizational change was developed by Kurt
Lewin. Lewin argued that change is a three-step process: unfreeze, change, refreeze.
Michelle would like the opportunity to increase the experience level of her IS staff by
having them analyze and design a new web-based distribution system. The skills
learned from this project may help with future strategic applications. Since the time
period for the project is very flexible and this is a somewhat unique business need,
Michelle has decided to use packaged software for this project.
In the design phase we address the functional requirements.
Object nodes in an activity diagram are depicted using rectangles.
A contract formalizes the interactions between one client object and other client objects.
Senior management has established the priority for the new system as “user friendly,
and quickly and inexpensively expandable to all part of the organization.” The systems
analyst should recommend a client-server based computing architecture.
A fundamental disadvantage of the JAD sessions is that they are subject to be
dominated by a few. e-JAD attempts to eliminate this disadvantage.
To identify the costs and benefits related to the computer technology for a project the
systems analyst should rely on the business users.
With Turkey conversion, the new system instantly replaces the old one .
The first step in the user interface design process is “interface design prototyping.”
Interaction testing is one type of integration testing. In interaction testing, the entire
system starts as a set of stubs, and each class is added in turn and tested.
The paperless office idea is becoming a reality thanks for widely using of tablet
devices.
Pirate Adventures, Inc., a company that owns and operates hotels in tropical locations,
is interested in replacing the 15-year-old room reservation system in all of its hotels.
Custom development would be the best design strategy.
Textual analysis to aid the analyst in identifying a set of candidate objects for the
structural model is an analysis of the text in the business model.
SCRUM is a type of agile development methodology.
Terms for the index and search engine can come from technical terms the analyst used
in creating the system.
To better understand the As-Is system the project team members can perform document
analysis on existing forms, reports, and business process models.
The analyst that develops ideas and suggestions to improve the application of
information technology is commonly called a systems analyst.
In a behavioral state diagram, an event changes a value(s) that describes an object
which in turn changes the object’s state.
Up until recently, an object-oriented database is mainly used to support multimedia
applications or complex systems involving graphics, video and sound.
Return messages in a sequence diagram are often shown using dashed lines with arrows
labeled with the return value.
System review attempts to understand whether the implementation of the system
resulted in the costs and benefits identified during project initiation.
The project charter describes the qualifications of the people who will work on a project
and the reporting structure of the project team.
The advantage of direct manipulation is that it permits the user to enter extensive data
by keystroke and allows the user to size objects within three keystrokes.
The Unified Modeling Language is a collection of terms and diagrams designed to be
used in process-oriented software projects
A systems analyst is participating in an exchange of services with another organization.
First, the analyst visits the partner organization, studies and evaluates their systems, and
recommends changes and improvements. Then, a team of analysts from the partner
organization visits the analyst’s organization and performs the same service. This
process is an example of benchmarking.
The person or group that funds a project and enthusiastically promotes the project
throughout the organization is the project champion.
Management has several tools for structuring organization work processes. Establishing
standard operating procedures (SOPs) involves establishing behavioral norms and how
processes are actually performed.
Key-value data stores is a type of NOSQL data stores, and they essentially provide a
distributed index (primary key) to where a BLOB (binary, large object) is stored
The symbol – before the name of an attribute on a class diagram represents a private
attribute.
Security concerns are one of the set of obstacles for adopting the cloud.
An analyst that focuses on the technical issues of the organization (hardware, software,
databases and networks) is commonly called a change management analyst.
In a deployment diagram, a communication path represents a communication link
between the nodes of the physical architecture, and communication paths may be
stereotyped.
It can be much more efficient to buy programs that have already been created, tested,
and proven, and a packaged software system can be bought and installed in a relatively
short period of time compared with a custom system.
Low uncertainty cultures need extra attention when asked to adopt a new system.
The _____ layer addresses the issues involving the persistence of the objects contained
in the system.
a. foundation
b. system architecture
c. human-computer interaction
d. data management
e. problem domain
One of the rules used for verifying and validating the structural model is to check that
the responsibilities listed on the front of the CRC card must be included as attributes in
a class on a class diagram, and vice versa.
The following are all strengths of a packaged software design strategy EXCEPT _____.
a. it may be bought and installed in a short time
b. many business needs are not unique
c. the package is already tested and generally proven to work
d. there is an exact match of functionality to requirements
e. none of these
There are three different types of constraints typically captured in object-oriented
design: preconditions, postconditions, and _____________.
a. regular conditions
b. guard conditions
c. exception handling
d. invariants
e. contracts
The functional model component of the system proposal includes _______.
a. a activity diagram
b. a set of use case descriptions
c. a use case diagram
d. all of these
e. none of these
Detailed design is important for two reasons. First, preexisting classes and components
need to be understood, organized, and pieced together, and second, _____.
a. it is common for the project team to write some code and produce original classes
that support the application logic of the system
b. it is tempting to jump in without planning
c. modular design is outdated
d. the SDLC continues to be used instead of a more reliable method of analysis for
systems
e. top-down modular approaches are an acceptable method of analysis that must be
performed during the planning phase
An analyst depicts the static view of an information system with _____.
a. use-case models
b. structural models
c. behavioral models
d. interaction diagrams
e. statechart diagrams
In SCRUM, teams organize themselves in a symbiotic manner and set their own goals
for each ______________:
a. phase
b. module
c. week
d. function
e. sprint
Which the following class should be designed in layer Foundation.
a. Date
b. DataInputStream
c. Button
d. Studnent
e. URLConnection
Most NoSQL data stores were created to address problems associated with storing large
amounts of distributed data in __________.
a. SQL Server
b. ORDBMSs
c. OODBMSs
d. RDDBMSs
e. MySQL
What information-gathering strategy enables the analyst to see the reality of the
situation rather than listen to others describe it?
a. document analysis
b. interviewing
c. joint application design (JAD) sessions
d. observation
e. questionnaires
Suppose a proposed new financial reporting system for the AMF Biotech Corporation
must be completed by the start of the next fiscal year in order to comply with new
government regulations. This information should be included as part of the
____________ section of the system request.
a. business need
b. business value
c. business requirements
d. special issues or constraints
e. none of these
Like other problem domain models, the _____________, contracts, and method
specifications in class and method design need to be verified and validated.
a. constraints
b. classes
c. behaviors
d. associations
e. polymorphisms
The focus in a sequence diagram is on __________________
a. How actors interact with objects to realize a given use case
b. Messages sent by actors to other objects
c. when an object is being created
d. when messages are being destroyed
e. time ordering of messages being passed between objects
A(n) _____ is the equivalent to a subsystem.
a. collaboration
b. partition
c. layer
d. factor
e. abstraction
As an addition to a regular report, a(n) _____ report may help the user understand the
change in comparison values over time or show proportions that are relative to the
whole.
a. detailed
b. graph
c. media
d. summary
e. turnaround
Service is another name for _____.
a. attribute
b. class
c. abstract class
d. operation
e. object
The _____ layer contains, among other things, the classes that represent the
fundamental data types.
a. problem domain
b. system architecture
c. human-computer interaction
d. data management
e. foundation
_____ is the type of test performed to assess whether a set of classes that must work
together do so without an error.
a. Acceptance testing
b. Beta testing
c. Integration testing
d. System testing
e. Unit testing
What is one primary problem with server-based computing architectures?
a. As more users place heavier demands on the server, it is expensive to increase server
capacity.
b. Client terminals are no longer made by hardware vendors.
c. It is difficult to maintain security in the server-based environment.
d. Servers are no longer made by hardware vendors.
e. Servers cannot be manufactured quickly by vendors.
Key-value data stores essentially provide a distributed index (primary key) to where
a(n) __________________ is stored.
a. BLOB (binary, large object)
b. field
c. entity
d. attribute
A class/object should only represent one thing, and a method should only solve a single
task. This principle is often referred to as _____.
a. coupling
b. cohesion
c. connascence
d. multiple inheritance
e. none of these
Explaining “the business capabilities of the information system” is written in the _____
section of the system request.
a. business need
b. business value
c. business requirements
d. project need
e. special issues
Which of the following factors could be included in a technical risk assessment?
a. Cost of a new Web server
b. Cost of hiring a Webmaster
c. No previous experience with Java within the IS department
d. Some fear of job loss among order entry department personnel
e. all of these
Many different approaches have been suggested to aid the analyst in identifying a set of
candidate objects for the structural model. The four most common approaches are
textual analysis, brainstorming, common object lists, and _______________.
a. use cases
b. business models
c. patterns
d. nouns
e. verbs
A Fork Node in an activity diagram is used to __________ behavior into a set of
parallel or concurrent flows of activities (or actions).
a. combine
b. create
c. initialize
d. split
e. represent
_____ assures the interface will act as the users expect, while _____ assures it will look
pleasing.
a. layout, aesthetics
b. aesthetics, consistency
c. consistency, aesthetics
d. consistency, layout
e. aesthetics, layout
A normal system with 400 unadjusted function points would have _____ adjusted
function points when the shortcut method is use to determine the complexity of the
project.
a. 200
b. 260
c. 400
d. 540
e. 600
Each use case describes _____ function(s) in which users interact with the system.
a. one
b. one or more
c. many
d. zero, one, or more
e. all
A(n) _____ can support large volumes of data and support applications that run an
entire company.
a. database
b. database management system
c. end-user database administrative system
d. end-user database management system
e. enterprise database management system
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of current object-relational databases?
a. storage of objects in the relational table structure
b. good support for typical data management operations
c. SQL support
d. support for inheritance
e. all of these are characteristics of object-relational databases
The following are all classic design mistakes EXCEPT _____.
a. feature creep
b. including design time
c. reducing design time
d. silver bullet syndrome
e. switching tools in mid-project
When drawing the use-case diagram, an analyst should do the steps in this order:
_____.
a. draw the use cases on the diagram, identify the system boundary, place the actors on
the diagram, and draw the lines connecting the actors to the use cases
b. identify the system boundary, draw the use cases on the diagram, place the actors on
the diagram, and draw the lines connecting the actors to the use cases
c. place the actors on the diagram, draw the use cases on the diagram, identify the
system boundary, and draw the lines connecting the actors to the use cases
d. identify the system boundary, place the actors on the diagram, draw the use cases on
the diagram, and draw the lines connecting the actors to the use cases
e. none of these gives the correct order of steps
What is cohesion? Is this desirable or undesirable in a system? Why?
What is the purpose of an alternatives matrix? What is the typical content? How will
this tool be used by a project team in the context of design strategy selection?
Why is it important to capture data at the source and how is this process best done?
What techniques are used by project managers during the construction phase for
managing the project schedule?
Explain how the “business need” factor influences the selection of a design strategy for
a project.
Define security requirements. Briefly describe four key areas of performance
requirements.
What is project assessment? What are the goals of project assessment?
Michelle and Tom have been assigned the task of creating the menu system for a new
software package. They have been given the following information about the system
and the prospective users of the system. There are to be only two types of menus used.
The users of the new system are very familiar with Windows applications, but are
considered “novices.” The primary menu items should be just one word that leads to
other menus. The second-level can be multiple words that perform actions. Due to
limited development time image maps and toolbars should be excluded from the
selection process. What types of menus would you recommend Michelle and Tom?
Define each and support your answer.
Explain the concept of timeboxing.
Explain how daily product backlog is used for manage the scope of project.
What is an actor? What is their role in a system?
Briefly describe the benefits of Object-Oriented Systems Analysis and Design
(OOSAD)
For what reason does a project team create a risk assessment? What value is a risk
assessment to the team?
Describe three classic planning mistakes. What would be a solution for each?
Explain the term denormalization.
Briefly summarize the role and contribution of the Business Analyst, Systems Analyst,
Infrastructure Analyst, Change Management Analyst, and Project Manager on a systems
development project team.
What is a CRC card and why should an analyst create them? What are the essential
elements of a CRC card?
Describe the packaged system design strategy. Discuss its advantages and
disadvantages.
What are the three types of interview questions? Define and identify why an analyst
would use each type of question. Include an example of each question type.