19. In Reynolds v. Sims, what did the majority of the Court say about Alabama’s plan to follow
the federal model for its bicameral state legislature? What justification did the Court give for its
decision?
20. What are majority-minority districts? How did the majority of the Court rule on the
constitutionality of designing such districts in Shaw v. Reno and Miller v. Johnson?
21. Describe at least three provisions of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 that increased protection
against racial discrimination at the voting booth.
22. How have political strategists attempted to thwart campaign finance laws since the Federal
Election Campaign Act was passed in 1971?
23. What rationale did Chief Justice Roberts use to justify striking down Sections 4 and 5 of the
Voting Rights Act in Shelby County?
24. How did the dissenters respond to the majority argument in Shelby County?
25. Describe how the Court’s jurisprudence in voting rights cases has changed over time. Rather
than simply provide a chronological explanation of these cases, be sure to provide an analysis of
the major cases in this area and how they fit with one another (for example, was a past case
overruled or upheld, and why?). Then explain the Court’s current stance in this area of the law,
including an analysis of how Bush v. Gore fits with existing voting rights precedents. Finally,
based on the makeup of the Court today, how do you see the Court deciding voting rights cases
in the near future and why?
26. In a 2006 lawsuit, McAdams v. Bush, plaintiffs sought to overturn a section of Florida’s
voting law. The section in question, passed 142 years ago, bans voting by people with felony
convictions. Under this law, more than six hundred thousand people are barred from voting, and
one in ten African Americans is barred from voting. McAdams argues that the law violates the
Voting Rights Act and the Constitution. After winning his case at trial, but losing in the state
supreme court, McAdams asked the U.S. Supreme Court to decide the case and ultimately to rule