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31. __________ escort the listener through the speech, connecting ideas while simultaneously
reinforcing those ideas.
A) Supporting materials
B) Preview statements
C) Main points
D) Transitions
32. Irina is presenting a problem-solution speech where she has just noted the problem NASA is
facing with funding, and she is moving into an area discussing viable solutions. Which
sentence(s) best fulfill the requirements of an effective transition for that speech?
A)
B)
C)
the space station because we are so far behind schedule. NASA also is working with less money
than ever before due to competition with other government agencies and programs. But we can
find money in any number of places, and specifically through taxes, cuts in military funding,
D) NASA is strapped for cash and the space station project is in
jeopardy. This need not be the case. As I will suggest, there are three funding alternatives that
33. A(n) __________ reviews information and reinforces ideas, before moving on to the next
part of the message, to help keep the audience mentally on track.
A) signpost
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B) verbal marker
C) internal preview
D) internal summary
34.
way to farm. As she articulates the reasons for her position, she says,
__________.
A) signposts
B) a preview
C) a summary
D) a categorical device
35. Your local chapter of Women in Communications has invited a very distinguished
businesswoman to address your group at its annual awards banquet. During her introduction,
she tells the group about how she spent most of her formative years in a community near your
school, earned some college credits from your school while in high school, and has many fond
memories of those years. By sharing this story, the speaker is __________.
A) providing a preview to orient her listeners
B) establishing common ground with the audience
C)
D) provid
36. Jessica beg
this campus hundreds of times. And some of those hundreds of times have been at night. You
know the pathways in front of the main mall? They can be a little dark, but campus is generally
a safe place, right? Guess again. Last week, on those same paths we have all walked hundreds
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of times, a female student was followed by a group of male students. The men shouted catcalls
at her and one even got close enough to grab at her clothing. And although the men did not steal
anything from her or harm her physically, they took away her sense of safety on this
sense of safety
introduction did Jessica achieve with this introductory statement?
A) attention and purpose
B) attention and credibility
C) credibility and preview
D) attention, credibility, purpose, and preview
37.
about American involvement in World War II. He begins his presentation like this:
From the time I was very young, I wanted to learn to fly. My family was very poor and so
flying lessons were out of the question. But, when America became involved in the War, I
immediately enlisted in the Air Force. There I learned to fly and during the course of the
war I flew 56 bombing missions. I was honored to receive the Distinguished Flying Cross,
and it was an even greater privilege to have played a small role in freeing those who had
suffered at the hands of the Nazis.
Which of the following is Aqissiaq doing in this part of his introduction?
A) establishing the purpose of his speech
B) showing his respect for the audience
C) establishing his credibility
D) adapting the topic to the audience
38. In the introduction of his persuasive speech on the advantages of geothermal energy, José
A) establishing his credibility
B) clarifying his purpose by advancing his thesis
C) g
D) previewing his main points
39. In the introduction of his persuasive speech on the use of drone attacks in warfare, Bernardo
A) establishing his credibility
B) clarifying his purpose by advancing his thesis
C) g
D) previewing his main points
40. A __________ introduces your main ideas, offering a roadmap so that listeners can more
easily follow your speech.
A) thesis statement
B) specific purpose
C) preview
D) summary
41. Kiera is drafting the conclusion of her speech a speech advocating that elderly drivers be
tested annually to determine their ability to operate a vehicle safely. What would be an
appropriate and powerful way to conclude this speech which calls for important change?
A) Review statistics stating the likelihood that an older driver will cause an accident.
B) Quote law officers who have cited older drivers as being at fault in an accident.
C) Quote elderly persons who admit that they have no business behind the wheel.
D) Visualize how the elderly persons, themselves, will be safer, as will others.
42. Which of the following is sound advice to follow when you develop the conclusion of any
speech?
A) The conclusion is an excellent place to mention any information that you neglected to
provide earlier.
B) The conclusion can be short or fairly long, depending on what you need to cover.
C) The conclusion should be relatively brief.
D) Some speeches do not need formal conclusions; rather, it might be best to just stop speaking
and go directly to questions.
True/False Questions
43.
retention but have little impact on credibility.
44. Organizing a speech is very important to achieving the specific purpose of the speech. Most
topics can be appropriately organized using only one pattern.
45. Jasmine is composing a speech in which she will discuss how the trend of more women
earning degrees will yield profound changes in the world of business and politics. Her basic
pattern of organization is the categorical order.
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46. The spatial pattern organizes a speech around geography or space of some kind.
47. In climactic organizational patterns, as in literature, your first main body point should be a
build-up, the second should reach the climax, and the third body point should be a resolution.
48. The Motivated Sequence is a form of persuasion and would therefore be considered a form
of climactic arrangement.
49. In the body of her speech, Jackie will offer three main points to support her thesis. She
wishes to emphasize one point more strongly than the rest. She should place it as her first or last
point in order to give it special emphasis.
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choice, it means you should select the pattern of organization your instructor most favors and
execute it well.
51. It is most preferable to have a less width and more depth of main points.
52.
inconvenience to smokers and to people around them. There is a third disadvantage, however,
evidence.
53
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55. Even when an audience finds a speech interesting, they will wonder about its relevance to
them. Therefore, you should establish the significance of your topic in the introduction.
56. The challenge, one of the most common techniques used in the conclusion of a speech,
reinforces your ideas and reminds the audience of your most important points. It is especially
important when the speech is complex or rather long.
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means repeating your thesis statement and preview of main points.
Essay Questions
58. on three general principles. What are they? Give
at least one piece of advice for each principle that a speaker might use to achieve successful
organization. Use examples, if necessary.
59.
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60. Blanca plans to give her speech on the harmful effects of littering and the importance of
proper waste disposal. She wants to discuss the following points: Litter makes our community
look bad, physically; Recycling is easier than ever; Litter has negative effects on the
order in which you would advise Blanca to organize her speech. Explain which organizational
pattern(s) Blanca should use to present these points in the body of her speech. Finally, choose 1
part of the outline and write a transition statement, using an internal summary and internal
preview, to get you from that point to the next point.
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61. The textbook advises us that a relevant quotation that is particularly profound and, often,
from a famous individual can be a strong way to hook an
with gusto. Why must we be cautious, however, when using famous quotations in speech? Give
examples, if necessary.
62. Why might a speaker want to come back to the introduction in the conclusion of a speech?
Give an example of a way a speaker might achieve such parallelism.
