Instructor Resource
Duck, Communication in Everyday Life: The Basic Course Edition With Public
Speaking, 3e
SAGE Publishing, 2021
b. They cannot be too large or people won’t be able to fully contribute.
c. They require at least three people.
d. They are more than just a collection of people.
8. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Of the following events, which ones are examples of
instances groupthink occurred?
a. Watergate Scandal
b. Mistakes at Pearl Harbor
c. The 1990 decision to invade Iraq
True/False
1. Creative groups are groups made up solely of writers, artists, and performers.
2. One evident norm or rule in a prison organization is the expectation of hierarchy.
3. Groupthink refers to group members placing a higher priority on keeping the process
running smoothly than on voicing opinions that contradict the majority opinion or that of
the leader.
4. Any collection or assembly of people can be defined as a group, according to your
text’s authors.
5. Interdependence means that everyone in a group works in a solitary fashion and only
is concerned with his or her part of a project.
6. Certain types of groups are less structured and less formal than others.
7. The purpose of support groups is to help run an organization.
8. Networking groups always use face-to-face communication.
9. Socioemotional leaders focus on group member satisfaction and well-being.
10. Shunning or excluding people from participation in the group, or not even
acknowledging their presence, is a very powerful social, relational, and communicative
punishment.
11. Group culture reflects shared patterns of interactions both indicating and guiding
beliefs, values, and attitudes of the group.
12. Sometimes a group requires more task leadership and sometimes a group requires
more socioemotional leadership.
13. Out-group members can be either disruptive or constructive.
14. Leadership is a relational process, not a personal trait.
15. Leadership is embedded not in a person but in communication and relationships
between people.
16. French and Raven teach that these designated leader powers can be undermined
by the existence and use of other kinds of relational power.
Short Answer
1. How are groups differentiated?
2. What factor, though important, is missing from Aubrey Fisher’s model regarding
groups?
3. What determines the success of a group?
4. Why do people prefer their leaders to be visionaries?
5. ______ roles are those functioning in opposition to group productivity and cohesion.
6. Group roles are generally placed within five categories. What are those categories?
7. ______ roles are specific functions to which members are assigned and that they are
expected to perform within that group.
8. With ______ roles, the group members have not been officially assigned to these
roles but are recognized as performing them through repeated patterns of interaction.
9. In ______, members place a higher priority on keeping the process running smoothly
and agreeably than they do on voicing opinions that contradict the majority opinion.
Instructor Resource
Duck, Communication in Everyday Life: The Basic Course Edition With Public
Speaking, 3e
Essay
1. When does a group come into being?
2. Provide a definition of a group consistent with the definition given in Duck and
McMahan.
3. Explain the similarity and difference between formal and advisory groups.
4. Identify the five phases of group development named by psychologist Bruce
Tuckman and note which comes first in group formation.
5. Explain the concept of group cohesiveness.
6. Explain how language may be used within a group culture.
7. Explain how groups have relationships inside and outside of their meetings.
8. Explain how leadership style differs across all possible domains.
9. What is the main problem regarding leadership ethics?
10. When can the transaction of leadership be confirmed?
11. Explain group sanctions and why groups might sanction members.
12. What are group norms and how are they established?
13. Describe why communicating culturally within a group accomplishes some important
things.
14. Discuss the difference between disruptive communication and counteractive
communication.
15. Explain promotive communication.
16. Explain the difference between task leaders and socioemotional leaders.
17. How is leadership transacted?
18. Explain what happens when a group member is shunned.
19. Explain the function and importance of social roles.
20. What is groupthink?
21. What are disruptive roles?
22. Explain the concept of coercive power and provide an example.
23. Explain the concept of referent power and provide an example.
24. Can a single group member possess multiple types of power at once? Explain and
provide an example.
