Instructor Resource
Duck, Communication in Everyday Life: The Basic Course Edition With Public
Speaking, 3e
SAGE Publishing, 2021
Chapter 8: Groups and Leaders
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. A group’s culture is reflected in its members’ ______.
a. intrapsychic communication
b. language and special terms
c. individual values
d. task
2. Informal power is ______.
a. always held by the designated leader
b. sometimes based on communication competence
c. based only on roles
d. decided by majority rule
3. A leader who focuses on getting the job done, keeps members on track, and follows
a strict agenda is identified as a ______.
a. socioemotional leader
b. team leader
c. task leader
d. motivational leader
4. A leader who pays attention to members’ feelings, comfort, and satisfaction with
outcomes is identified as a ______.
Instructor Resource
Duck, Communication in Everyday Life: The Basic Course Edition With Public
Speaking, 3e
SAGE Publishing, 2021
a. socioemotional leader
b. team leader
c. task leader
d. motivational leader
5. The punishments for violating group norms are called ______.
a. in-grouping
b. wagon-circling
c. sanctioning
d. emancipating
6. A part that fits in with the parts other people play in a performance is a ______.
a. sanction
b. role
c. disruption
d. assimilation
7. A role that functions to encourage group members and to develop and maintain
positive communication and relationships among group members is a ______.
a. task role
b. subrole
c. disruptive role
d. social role
8. A shared pattern of interactions that reflects and guides beliefs, values, and attitudes
Instructor Resource
Duck, Communication in Everyday Life: The Basic Course Edition With Public
Speaking, 3e
SAGE Publishing, 2021
of the group is known as a ______.
a. group role
b. group cohesiveness
c. group culture
d. group assessment
9. A networking group is distinguished from other types of groups in the chapter
because membership is ______.
a. restricted
b. invited
c. specific
d. not defined
10. Cells of disgruntled group members who feel undervalued, mistreated, disrespected,
not included, or overlooked are referred to as ______.
a. out-groups
b. in-groups
c. shunnees
d. sanctions
11. A formal group is distinguished from other types of groups because it ______.
a. focuses on advising, comforting, and raising consciousness on issues
b. evaluates or creates new concepts or products
c. produces a best solution for a problem
d. helps to run an organization
12. An advisory group is distinguished from other types of groups because it ______.
a. focuses on advising, comforting, and raising consciousness on issues
b. evaluates or creates new concepts or products
c. produces a best solution for a problem
d. builds or sustains relationships
13. A creative group is distinguished from other types of groups because it ______.
a. focuses on advising, comforting, and raising consciousness on issues
b. evaluates or creates new concepts or products
c. produces a best solution for a problem
d. builds or sustains relationships
14. Which of the following is NOT representative of both Tuckman’s and Fisher’s
models of group development?
a. Development and decision making is a linear process.
b. Communication is frequently taken for granted.
c. Relationships tend to be absent altogether.
d. The models contain four stages.
15. Group commitment is most evident when group members ______.
a. are not dedicated to their shared goal
b. demonstrate concern for each others’ well-being
c. strive for individual recognition
d. disrespect each other
16. Group expectations about behavior ______.
a. always require mutual respect
b. never break down individuality
c. set norms for how members interact
d. never involve punishment
17. Group roles that function in opposition to group productivity and cohesion are
referred to as ______ roles.
a. counteractive
b. disruptive
c. informal
d. social
18. Professor Johnson is known to be the chair of the faculty promotions committee.
Professor Johnson possesses which kind of power based on this information?
a. Legitimate
b. Coercive
c. Referent
d. Renown
19. Irving Janis identified groupthink as a phenomenon that occurs in groups that are
______.
a. more concerned with making good decisions than with getting along
b. equally concerned with making good decisions and getting along
c. more concerned with getting along than with making good decisions
d. more concerned with making good decisions than with making money
20. Cohesiveness, or the ability of group members to work in unison, is ______.
a. always desirable in a group
b. desirable if it does not lead to groupthink
c. desirable if it helps members create romantic relationships
d. never desirable in a group
21. Examples of ______ groups include congressional committees, debate clubs, and
shareholder meetings.
a. advisory
b. formal
c. creative
d. networking
22. Examples of ______ groups include chat rooms and social media outlets like Twitter
and Facebook.
a. advisory
b. formal
c. creative
d. networking
23. Examples of ______ groups include focus groups and test-bed groups for
developing specifications and criteria for complex projects.
a. advisory
b. formal
c. creative
d. networking
24. Examples of ______ groups include sorority and fraternity social affairs committees,
homecoming committees, and juries.
a. advisory
b. formal
c. creative
d. networking
25. Examples of ______ groups include Alcoholics Anonymous, breast cancer
survivors, and study groups.
a. advisory
b. formal
c. support
d. networking
26. The group establishes its procedures to move more formally toward a solution in the
______ stage of group development.
a. storming
b. forming
c. norming
d. performing
27. The group determines leadership and roles of its members in the ______ stage of
group development.
a. storming
b. forming
Instructor Resource
Duck, Communication in Everyday Life: The Basic Course Edition With Public
Speaking, 3e
SAGE Publishing, 2021
c. norming
d. performing
28. The group comes into existence and seeks direction from a leader about the nature
of its tasks and procedures in the ______ stage of group development.
a. storming
b. forming
c. norming
d. performing
29. Having established how it will perform its task, the group now does so in the ______
stage of group development.
a. storming
b. forming
c. norming
d. performing
30. In the ______ stage of Fisher’s Model of Group Progression, the group explicitly
consolidates consensus to complete the task, or the leader may do it for the group by
thanking everyone.
a. orientation
b. reinforcement
c. emergence
d. conflict
31. In the ______ stage of Fisher’s Model of Group Progression, the group argues
about possible ways of approaching the problem and begins to seek solutions.
a. orientation
b. reinforcement
c. emergence
d. conflict
32. In the ______ stage of Fisher’s Model of Group Progression, group members get to
know one another and come to grips with the problems they have convened to deal
with.
a. orientation
b. reinforcement
c. emergence
d. conflict
33. The ______ stage of Fisher’s Model of Group Progression occurs when some
daylight of consensus begins to dawn, and the group sees the emergence of possible
agreement.
a. orientation
b. reinforcement
c. emergence
d. conflict
34. According to French and Raven’s power bases, ______ power is created by a
person’s office rank or official status.
a. legitimate
b. coercive
c. referent
d. renown
35. According to French and Raven’s power bases, ______ power is created through
special knowledge of a particular topic.
a. legitimate
b. coercive
c. referent
d. expert
36. Examples of behaviors related to ______ roles include encouraging quiet group
members to speak, praising the contributions of group members, relieving tension, and
managing conflict among group members.
a. counteractive
b. disruptive
c. informal
d. social
37. Examples of behaviors related to ______ roles include withdrawing from the group
or avoiding discussions, calling attention to oneself, and getting the group off-topic by
discussing unrelated matters.
a. counteractive
b. disruptive
c. informal
d. social
38. ______ communication works toward moving the agenda along and keeping people
on track.
Instructor Resource
Duck, Communication in Everyday Life: The Basic Course Edition With Public
Speaking, 3e
SAGE Publishing, 2021
a. Disruptive
b. Counteractive
c. Prosocial
d. Promotive
39. ______ communication does not help the group at all, except in the sense that it
may raise morale or lower tension in the group; nor does it push the group forward
toward achieving its goals.
a. Disruptive
b. Counteractive
c. Prosocial
d. Promotive
40. ______ communication gets the group back on track by reminding its members of
its purposes or boundaries.
a. Disruptive
b. Counteractive
c. Prosocial
d. Promotive
41. ______ refers to everyone relying on everyone else to do a specific part of the
overall job well.
a. Commitment
b. Groupthink
c. Cohesiveness
d. Interdependence
42. A person helping the group focus by telling a story about how someone solved a
similar problem is an example of ______ communication.
a. disruptive
b. counteractive
c. prosocial
d. promotive
Multiple Response
1. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. What are the problems with the concept that leadership
involves a formal position and that its activities include similar activities?
a. Leadership differs across domains.
b. All levels of leadership are the same.
c. Different groups employ various levels of formality.
d. People progress through leadership roles in various ways.
2. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. These features do NOT exist in creative groups.
a. The assignment of a leader
b. Criticism of other group members
c. Focus on a task
d. A formal structure
3. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Select the phases in Aubrey Fisher’s model.
a. Emergence
b. Conflict
c. Confusion
d. Supplementing
Instructor Resource
Duck, Communication in Everyday Life: The Basic Course Edition With Public
Speaking, 3e
SAGE Publishing, 2021
4. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. The key components in the study of leadership are
______.
a. leadership ethics
b. leadership vision
c. leadership division
d. leadership power
5. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. In addition to information and formal leadership power,
what are the more specific types of leadership power?
a. Illegitimate
b. Coercive
c. Referent
d. Reward
e. Expert
6. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. What are some of the characteristic elements of
groups?
a. Cultures
b. Norms
c. Independence
d. Cohesiveness
7. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. What are the requirements of a group?
a. They require fewer than three people.