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Chapter 8: Test Bank
1. Mass media effects
@ Section Location: Media Effects Are Constantly Occurring; Learning Objective: 1
2. If we have a narrow perspective of what media effects are, we will be
@ Section Location: Media Effects Are Constantly Occurring; Learning Objective: 1
3. Media effects that we easily observe, such as people cheering for a team when watching a
football game on TV, are known as
@ Section Location: Media Effects Are Constantly Occurring; Learning Objective: 1
a. process effects.
4. The media constantly influence our thoughts and feelings, whether or not this influence is
apparent to others. The effects are called
@ Section Location: Media Effects Are Constantly Occurring; Learning Objective: 1
5. On which types of effects are the public and media critics fixated?
@ Section Location: Media Effects Are Constantly Occurring; Learning Objective: 1
d. All of the above
6. According to the text, the timing dimension of a media effect refers to
@ Section Location: Timing of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
a. a viewer’s maturity level when experiencing the effect.
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7. When you are influenced by a media message during exposure, you experience
@ Section Location: Timing of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
d. an exposure effect.
8. Long-term effects manifest
@ Section Location: Timing of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
a. immediately and last for a long time.
9. Which of the following is true about the timing of media effects?
@ Section Location: Timing of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
10. Perhaps the most pervasive yet overlooked media effect is
d. the emotional-type effect.
11. By observing role models such as famous athletes and musicians, we gather information
about what it takes to by happy and successful. This is an example of
@ Section Location: Types of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
a. an attitudinal-type effect.
12. All of the following are types of media effects, except
@ Section Location: Types of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
a. belief-type effect.
13. Media effects on attitudes
@ Section Location: Types of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
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14. The fact that some people judge others based on the impossible beauty standards set by the
media is an example of
d. an emotional-type effect.
15. The effect of gradually losing the ability to feel sympathy for victims both in media
portrayals and in real life after years of exposure to media violence is called
@ Section Location: Types of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
a. desympathization.
16. Rebecca listens to classical music to relax (i.e., reduce her heartbeat and rate of breathing).
The intended media effect here is
@ Section Location: Types of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
17. Physiological-type media effects
@ Section Location: Types of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
18. A macrotype effect refers to an effect that
@ Section Location: Types of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
a. influences more than one person at the exact same time.
19. All of the following are true about media and the institution of family, except
@ Section Location: Types of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
a. divorce rates have been climbing since television penetrated our culture.
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20. The valence of an effect refers to whether it is
d. None of the above
21. When the goals of the media are in conflict with your goals, it typically results in
@ Section Location: Types of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
a. intentional effects.
22. Intentional media effects refer to those effects that
@ Section Location: Types of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
d. have a positive valence.
23. Unintentional media effects
@ Section Location: Types of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
24. Sandra reads The New York Times every day to stay informed about recent world affairs.
Thus, for Sandra, the effect of becoming informed is
@ Section Location: Types of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
d. cognitive type and unintentional.
25. Nicholas starts playing video games because he is bored over Christmas break. Eventually,
he becomes addicted to the games and spends less and less time on his homework. This
effect on his dedication to school work is
@ Section Location: Types of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
a. intentional and emotional type.
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26. Which of the following factors influence the media effects process?
@ Section Location: Factors Influencing Media Effects; Learning Objective: 3
27. Which of the following factors influence the media effects process?
@ Section Location: Factors Influencing Media Effects; Learning Objective: 3
28. Allison’s parents taught her from an early age that happiness is not dependent on financial
success. Because of this, her belief in the meaning of happiness is resistant to change. This is
an example of which influence that can contribute to the media effects process?
@ Section Location: Factors Influencing Media Effects; Learning Objective: 3
29. What can we do to expand our media literacy regarding media effects?
@ Section Location: Increasing Media Literacy; Learning Objective: 4
a. Understand that effects are constantly occurring
30. To increase your media literacy you need to
@ Section Location: Increasing Media Literacy; Learning Objective: 4
a. recognize immediate effects.
31. If we limit our attention to only manifested effects, we will greatly overestimate the degree of
influence the media exert on us.
@ Section Location: Media Effects Are Constantly Occurring; Learning Objective: 1
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32. The public and media critics are fixated on manifested effects.
@ Section Location: Media Effects Are Constantly Occurring; Learning Objective: 1
33. An immediate effect lasts only for a short period of time.
34. Long-term effects happen only after many exposures to media messages.
35. Physiological-type effects are within our conscious control.
36. Media only seem to exert a negative influence on society.
37. You can experience intentional and unintentional effects at the same time.
@ Section Location: Intentionality of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
38. We are always in a process of being influenced by mass media messages.
@ Section Location: Factors Influencing Media Effects; Learning Objective: 3
39. Cognitive abilities have no influence on the way in which a person is affected by the media.
@ Section Location: Factors Influencing Media Effects; Learning Objective: 3
40. It is possible to control the process of media effects in your life.
@ Section Location: Increasing Media Literacy; Learning Objective: 4
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41. Define and exemplify manifested media effects and process effects.
@ Section Location: Media Effects Are Constantly Occurring; Learning Objective: 1
42. Define and exemplify immediate effects and long-term effects.
@ Section Location: Timing of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
43. Name, explain, and exemplify three types of media effects.
@ Section Location: Types of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
44. Define and exemplify unintentional and intentional media effects.
@ Section Location: Intentionality of Effects; Learning Objective: 2
45. Name and discuss three characteristics about a person that constitute influences on the media
effects process.
@ Section Location: Factors Influencing Media Effects; Learning Objective: 3