Yousman, Gender, Race, and Class in Media 6e
SAGE Publications, 2021
Test Bank
PART II: REPRESENTATIONS OF GENDER, RACE, AND CLASS
Multiple Choice
1. Cultural studies insist that culture must be studied within the social relations and
system. This radical hope, triggered by President Barack Obama, ushered in a period of
bi- and transracial art. This probed ______.
a. the possibility that we really had transcended race but also ridiculed this hope with an
acid humor
b. the notion that homophobic ideas were weakening and allowing the country to grow
in new ways
c. the idea that Obama was responsible for a new “renaissance” of art
d. the possibility that we as a country had overcome isolationism but also teased the
idea with a political discourse
2. The “new” Atticus character from “Go Set a Watchman” was a betrayal of White
liberal idealism, feeding a suspicion that idealism was less than absolute. In other
words, the author is saying ______.
a. that Atticus had been secretly racist all along, and people had falsely identified with
him
b. that ideas such as White liberal idealism could be twisted and turned to become
something different as people change
c. that it could suddenly, randomly turn against the people it purported to help
d. that idealism might not be as strong of a position when looked back on
3. In Andrew Solomon’s landmark 2012 book about parenting and how children
differentiate themselves, he makes a distinction between vertical and horizontal identity.
Traits and values you don’t share with parents, sometimes because of genetic mutation,
sometimes through the choice of a different social world, define ______.
a. authentic identity
b. vertical identity
c. asymmetrical identity
d. horizontal identity
4. In this article, the author mentions that ______. The most important economic
function came from television’s role as an instrument of legitimation for transformations
in values initiated by the new economic imperatives of postwar America.
a. ideologies are not the product of individual consciousness or intention
b. ideologies are the by-product of consciousness and authenticity
c. ideologies are often misunderstood as concepts of morality
d. ideologies never offer more than a glimpse at the individuals who make the
statements
5. “Primitivism” is defined by ______.
a. the dynamic closeness of society to the environment
b. the fixed proximity of such people to nature
c. the focus of some cultures on aspects of spirituality and nature
d. society’s view of humans impact on the global ecosystem
6. When the author mentions the apparently naturalized representations of events and
situations relating to race, whether “factual” or “fictional,” which have racist premises
and propositions inscribed in them as a set of unquestioned assumptions, he is referring
to ______.
a. intentional racism
b. ideological based morality
c. underrepresentation of low-income members of society
d. inferential racism
7. The term redskin is a problem, and its lingering presence undermines the pursuit of
______ by American Indians.
a. historical acceptance and acknowledgment
b. respect and understanding
c. equality, inclusion, and empowerment
d. equity
8. The issue has stressed indigenous support, highlighting the importance of public
opinion polls as well as endorsements of the Washington Redskins football team by
Yousman, Gender, Race, and Class in Media 6e
SAGE Publications, 2021
prominent individuals and reservation communities. Importantly, the defense is about
more than Indianness. In particular, it turns in spoken and unspoken ways on ______.
a. Whiteness
b. American culture
c. organized sports
d. religion
9. As the article makes clear, the ongoing struggle lends itself to binary thinking, moral
declarations, and public denunciations. To many, either the moniker is respectful or it is
racist. It is a stereotype or not. Such arguments ______.
a. make the issue easier to understand and therefore more efficient
b. ignore the underlying religious messages of the conflict
c. fail to specify the real issue at hand and instead make it more confusing
d. simplify the conflict and its cultural import
13. Orientalism, Edward Said (1978) wrote, is ______.
a. a conceptualization of the Orient, or East, which places it in opposition to the
Occident or West
b. identifying with Asian countries or cultures
c. being of or from an Asian country, and practicing a culturally authentic lifestyle, but no
longer living there
d. the act of traveling, moving, or otherwise leaving “Western” civilization and immersing
oneself in oriental cultures
14. The tension between accessibility and novelty, or strangeness, can serve as both a
site of resistance for female artists to wage “sex as a weapon” in the fight against
gender stereotyping as well as ______.
a. a space where new ideas about sexual roles and what is not appropriate male sexual
behavior are identified
b. a space where stale ideas about gender roles and what is appropriate female sexual
behavior are reified
c. a space where old ideas about social values are broken down and rebuilt in new
cultural subcategories
d. a space where gender roles are reinforced
15. Katy Perry, the framing of men of color in her video, and her cultural appropriation
matter because they reach a broad audience and serve to reinforce a racist and
prejudicial understanding of the world that only sharpens dichotomies. To overlook the
power of popular media because it is fluff is to ______.
a. dismiss Katy Perry as a pop culture “has–been”
b. decide that what media tells a huge portion of the public is unimportant
c. instill a sense of underlying prejudice when listening to pop music
d. decide that some forms media is more influential on audiences than others
19. People who were, 20 years ago, described as “hermaphrodite” now name
themselves “intersex.” Over time, the language shifted because ______.
a. scientists and doctors decided “intersex” was a more accurate term
b. members of the intersex community wanted to name themselves rather than being
named by the medical profession
c. members of the intersex community became tired of the term “hermaphrodite” and
thought “intersex” was a more modern term
d. the English language become more nuanced, and the meaning of words shifted, so
researchers decided to create a new term that was more specific
20. The Digital Age has obliterated the transqueers who embrace the borderlands of
gender fluidity and replaced it with ______.
a. “gender as religion”
b. “gender as industry”
c. “gender as consumption”
d. “gender as ideology”
21. The populist scorn Real Housewives provokes is not gender-neutral; its sights are
set on the rich, to be sure, but only rich women, especially ______.
a. those who transgress the traditional gender roles
b. those who embody traditional family roles
c. those who reject modern gender roles
d. those who embrace the idea of gender as consumption
22. The housewives’ home lives and social lives are framed as ______, rearticulating
postfeminist tensions in leisure-class terms.
a. open ideals
b. religious choices
c. economic choices
d. forced choices
23. Choose the sentence below that best exemplifies Laura Mulvey’s concept of ‘the
gaze’ in Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema:
a. The audience is male but the film camera is female creating a synergsitic blend of
infinite gazer and gazed throughout the course of the entire film.
b. The audience and the film camera are positioned as heterosexually male looking at
the female on screen who is there for the purposes of being looked at.
c. The entire apparatus of cinema is feminine and therefore subverts the phallocratic
heritage that plagues other art forms.
d. The audience members are considered passive voyeurs who do not gaze at the film
in truth but are subjected the cinema’s captivated aural possession.
24. Much of the feminist media criticism that came out of the 1970s and 1980s was
written by and about ______ women because ______.
a. White; Black women had no interest in engaging with film criticism
b. Black; Black women had found a voice in the important journal Cahiers du Cinema
c. White; Black women were rarely represented on television and film and when they
were, were subjected to stereotypes.
d. LatinX; the exploitation cinema of the 1970s and the civil rights movement had given
them a voice to explore the Latin American experience in media.
25. Why are sports considered a good outlet in which to study gender inequality?
a. There is a dearth of data on women’s progress in other industries.
b. The Sports Illustrated Swimsuit issue is the magazine’s best-selling edition.
c. Women’s tennis matches have historically proven more popular than those of their
male counterparts.
d. Sport is historically a male-dominated market and one that has massive worldwide
penetration.
26. Anna Kournikova, Monica Seles, and Jennifer Capriati are all female professional
tennis players who achieved great success during the 1990s. Media coverage of
Kournikova’s bra size, Seles’ outfit on the court, and Capriati’s sex life and legal
troubles would be considered:
a. Typical of how women in sport are covered in the mainstream media due to the
obsession of female athlete’s bodies and personal lives.
b. Simple human-interest stories.
c. On par with the coverage of their male counterparts like Boris Becker and Andre
Agassi.
d. Part of the way professional tennis is covered due to its intense emotional nature.
27. The 2016 album Lemonade was released by ______.
a. Nikki Minaj
b. Beyoncé
c. Cardi B
d. Lauryn Hill
28. According to Edgar and Toone, one of the most important aspects of Lemonade for
fans was the ______.
a. quality of the musicianship
b. intense surreal visuals that were inspired by Southern gothic and voodoo imagery
c. embrace of Black pride and non-Eurocentric bodily features
d. roster of guests who perform on the album including Kendrick Lamar, The Weeknd,
True/False
1. The digital world has opened up communities for transgender people where none
have existed before. There is less isolation and perhaps less struggle because of the
resources, social networks, and virtual communities provided on the Internet.
2. The author describes how in Real Housewives conflict is always a prelude to greater
interpersonal connectedness; it is the basis of their relationships.
Yousman, Gender, Race, and Class in Media 6e
SAGE Publications, 2021
3. Despite the stereotype, soap operas, romance novels, and melodramas have actually
upended the social order empowering women to be liberated and break free from their
domestic shackles.
4. Compared to the men’s iteration, the FIFA Women’s World Cup draws in as many
viewers and sponsors, and players are paid at parity with their male counterparts.
5. Beyoncé’s navigation of her own persona in the media can be dichotomous
alternating between Blackness and Whiteness; embracing sexuality and being
objectified; displaying conventional standards of beauty yet supporting body positivity.
Essay
1. Describe how a transgender person occupies the borderlands between communities
and identities.
2. How is gender performative?
3. Describe “Orientalism” and its representations.
4. What is symbolic annihilation and can you provide an example of it?
5. Other than the Olympics, media coverage of women’s sports has been abysmal in the
last several decades. Why do you think this is? Why should women’s sports get the
same level of coverage as their male counterparts? Do you think there is less interest in
women’s sports as there is in men’s sports, and, if so, why?
6.What do you think bell hooks meant when she called Beyoncé “a terrorist, especially
in terms of the impact on young girls?”