Instructor Resource
Northouse, Introduction to Leadership, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
Chapter 9: Embracing Diversity and Inclusion
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. In this chapter, diversity is defined as ______.
a. representation of some groups of individuals
b. incorporating individuals into a group or organization
c. the amount of difference among members of a group or organization
d. valuing differences between groups
2. What are the core dimensions of diversity?
a. age, ethnicity, gender, and race
b. mental/physical abilities and characteristics
c. sexual orientation
d. all of these
3. Communication style, education, family status, military experience, organization role
and level, religion, first language, geographical location, income, work experience, and
work style are all considered ______ dimensions of diversity.
a. primary
b. secondary
c. tertiary
d. quaternary
4. What is the process of incorporating differing individuals into a group or organization?
Instructor Resource
Northouse, Introduction to Leadership, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
a. diversity
b. inclusion
c. compromising
d. none of these
5. Inclusion is about the ______ incorporating the opinions of the ______ and giving
voice to the people who are seldom heard.
a. majority; minority
b. minority; majority
c. oppressors; oppressed
d. oppressed; oppressors
6. According to Schutz (1958), what is the basic human need that everyone experiences
in their interpersonal relationships?
a. control, affection, and inclusion
b. affection and inclusion
c. control and inclusion
d. none of these
7. What time period in which a changing perspective on diversity occurred in the United
States does NOT properly match up with the corresponding metaphor?
a. 1960s to 1980s – Melting Pot
b. 1980s to 1990s – Salad
c. 1990s to present – Salad Bar
d. None of these
8. The Age Discrimination Act (1974) protects workers over ______ years of age from
being discriminated at work because of their age.
a. 35
b. 40
c. 45
d. 50
9. Which of these identities are not protected under the Civil Rights Act (1964)?
a. race
b. sexual orientation
c. religion
d. color
10. What year was the Equal Pay Act made into law?
a. 1963
b. 1964
c. 1965
d. 1974
11. Which metaphor was used when referring to the blending of many into one?
a. salad bar
b. salad
c. melting pot
d. none of these
Instructor Resource
Northouse, Introduction to Leadership, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
12. What is the process where those from different cultures were expected to adapt to
and, in many cases, adopt the customs of the majority group?
a. pluralism
b. differentiation
c. inclusion
d. assimilation
13. A workplace environment that recognizes the holidays of different cultures without
giving up identities, customs, and traditions might be taking this multicultural approach?
a. assimilation
b. differentiation
c. pluralism
d. none of these
14. The current approach to diversity acknowledges differences among people and
values those difference by ______ them into an organization.
a. assimilating
b. segregating
c. integrating
d. none of these
15. What are the opposing needs that social psychologist argued are at the core of
belonging to a group?
a. to assimilate and be included
b. to assimilate and differentiate
c. to assimilate and be included and to assimilate and differentiate
d. none of these
16. How many components are there to the inclusion framework?
a. one
b. two
c. three
d. four
17. ______ describes individuals who feel unique and respected but who also feel left
out and not a part of the in-group.
a. Exclusion quadrant
b. Differentiation quadrant
c. Assimilation quadrant
d. Inclusion quadrant
18. ______ represents people who feel they are insiders and in the organizational in–
group but their unique characteristics are not really valued by the organization.
a. Exclusion quadrant
b. Differentiation quadrant
c. Assimilation quadrant
d. Inclusion quadrant
19. ______ represents individuals in a group or organization who feel left out and
excluded; they do not feel a part of things and they do not feel valued.
a. Exclusion quadrant
b. Differentiation quadrant
c. Assimilation quadrant
d. Inclusion quadrant
20. ______ describes individuals who feel they belong and are valued for their unique
beliefs, attitudes, values, and background.
a. Exclusion quadrant
b. Differentiation quadrant
c. Assimilation quadrant
d. Inclusion quadrant
21. What are the levels of systems of inclusion?
a. societal and interpersonal
b. organization and individual
c. leadership and group
d. all of these
22. Which of these are examples of inclusion at the leadership level?
Instructor Resource
Northouse, Introduction to Leadership, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
a. The city council promotes the installation of a new piece of art that represents the
city’s historical involvement with slavery.
b. A new employee training program at a call center fosters acceptance of international
customers.
c. The manager gives a disgruntled female staff member time to voice her opinions to
the predominantly male staff.
d. all of these
23. Employees requesting to change benefit policies to better serve the needs of LGBT
staff is an example of what system of inclusion?
a. organizational
b. leadership
c. group
d. interpersonal
24. A board of trustees at a university approve a decision to allow parental leave
regardless of gender is an example of what system of inclusion?
a. organizational
b. leadership
c. group
d. interpersonal
25. Which of these are NOT components of the inclusion experience?
a. feeling safe
b. feeling respected and valued
c. feeling in charge
d. feeling authentic and whole
26. In looking at the inclusion experience, individuals can ask which of the following
questions when looking at feeling safe?
a. Do I help others feel physically and psychologically safe?
b. Do I help others feel like they are a full member of the group?
c. Do I help others express opposing opinions without fear of negative repercussion?
d. all of these
27. In looking at the inclusion experience, individuals can ask which of the following
questions when looking at feeling involved and engaged?
a. Do I treat others as full participants—as insiders?
b. Do I let others to be truly themselves in the group?
c. Do I treat everyone fairly without discrimination?
d. none of these
28. In looking at the inclusion experience, individuals can ask which of the following
questions when looking at feeling respected and valued?
a. Do I let others know I trust and care about them?
b. Do I let others participate in decision-making?
c. Do I help others feel physically and psychologically safe?
d. Do I encourage others to be honest and transparent?
29. In looking at the inclusion experience, individuals can ask which of the following
questions when looking at feeling influential?
a. Do I help others feel like they are part of our team?
b. Do I treat others like they are a valued group member?
c. Do I let others know they can be completely open with the group?
d. none of these
30. In looking at the inclusion experience, individuals can ask which of the following
questions when looking at feeling authentic and whole?
a. Do I give others access to information and resources to do their work?
b. Do I treat others as I would like to be treated myself?
c. Do I allow others to be truly themselves in the group?
d. none of these
31. In looking at the inclusion experience, individuals can ask which of the following
questions when looking at diversity is recognized, attended to, and honored?
a. Do I treat everyone fairly without discrimination?
b. Do I let others know I trust and care about them?
c. Do I let others participate in decision-making?
d. Do I treat everyone fairly without discrimination and do I let others know I trust and
care about them?
32. A manager that recognizes an employee’s strengths at editing and organization puts
that employee in charge of policy and procedure review for workplace expectations is
an example of this component in the inclusion experience:
a. feeling safe
b. feeling involved and engaged
c. feeling respected and valued
Instructor Resource
Northouse, Introduction to Leadership, 4e
SAGE Publishing, 2018
d. feeling authentic and whole
33. Practicing the Golden Rule—“Treat others as you would like to be treated
yourself”—is at the core of this component of the inclusion experience?
a. feeling safe
b. feeling involved and engaged
c. feeling respected and valued
d. feeling authentic and whole
34. When followers are able to participate in decisions they feel a sense of significance;
they feel ______, which allows them to affect the process, to feel alive, to feel
influential.
a. small
b. useful
c. agency
d. organized
35. As a leader, both on an individual and organizational, level, how many common
barriers can detract from successfully embracing diversity and inclusion?
a. three
b. four
c. five
d. six
36. Which of these statements do NOT apply to ethnocentrism?
a. The tendency for individuals to place their own group at the center of their
observations of others and the world.
b. Judgments we make about others based on previous decisions.
c. The perception that one’s own culture is better or more natural than the culture of
others.
d. Prevents people from fully understanding or respecting the viewpoints of others.
37. Which of these statements apply to prejudice?
a. a largely fixed attitude held by an individual about another individual that is based on
faulty data
b. thought of in the context of race or ethnicity
c. applies in areas such as gender, age, and sexual orientation
d. all of these
38. When an individual labels a group of individuals as the same at the expense of
recognizing the uniqueness of each individual, it is called a ______.
a. ethnocentric view
b. prejudice
c. stereotype
d. none of these
39. Which of these apply to privilege?
a. an advantage held by a person that is based on class which gives those who have it
power over those who do not
b. an unfair advantage that some people have in comparison to others