Introductory Chemistry: Atoms First, 5e (Russo/Silver)
Chapter 4 The Modern Model of the Atom
4.1 Multiple-Choice Questions
1) The units of h (Planck’s constant) are ________.
A) J.s
B) J/s
C) m/s
D) J/nm
2) Which color light is composed of photons having the largest energy?
A) blue
B) green
C) yellow
D) red
3) Which type of electromagnetic radiation is composed of photons having the largest energy?
A) microwaves
B) radio waves
C) x rays
D) gamma rays
4) Which color light is composed of photons having the longest wavelength?
A) blue
B) green
C) yellow
D) red
5) What is the wavelength (in meters) of radio waves that have a frequency of 89.9 MHz?
(wavelength × frequency = speed of light; speed of light = 3.0 × 108 meters/sec.)
A) 3.3 centimeters
B) 2.7 × 1016 millimeters
C) 0.30 meters
D) 3.3 meters
6) Calculate the energy in joules of microwave radiation of wavelength 12.7 centimeters.
(E = hν, h = 6.63 × 10-34 J.sec; speed of light = wavelength × ν, speed of light = 3.0 × 108
meters/sec.)
A) 4.9 × 1019 J
B) 7.3 × 10-19 J
C) 3.6 × 10-18 J
D) 1.6 × 10-24 J
7) What is the main difference between “classical physics” and “quantum physics”?
A) Quantum physics requires the speed of light to be a constant value.
B) Classical physics requires that only certain, allowed values for energy be used.
C) Quantum physics requires that only certain, allowed values for energy be used.
D) Quantum physics can only describe the behavior of very small objects, like atoms and
molecules.
8) Which feature of Bohr’s atomic model is no longer accepted as true by today’s scientists?
A) Most of an atom’s mass is located within the nucleus.
B) Electrons have only certain, allowed energy values.
C) Electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed circular paths.
D) Each principal quantum level can hold a maximum of 2n2 electrons.
9) In a single atom, what is the maximum number of electrons that can have quantum number n
= 4?
A) 10
B) 14
C) 18
D) 32
10) For the electron of a hydrogen atom, which of the following quantum “jumps” requires the
most energy?
A) from n = 3 to n = 4
B) from n = 2 to n = 3
C) from n = 4 to n = 5
D) from n = 1 to n = 2
11) Which of the following subshells does not appear in the third shell?
A) s
B) p
C) d
D) f
12) Which of the following subshells appear in the second shell?
A) s
B) s, p
C) s, p, d
D) p
13) The correct order of increasing energy in the following subshells is:
A) 2p, 3s, 4s, 3p, 3d
B) 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d
C) 2p, 3s, 3p, 3d, 4s
D) 2p, 3s, 3d, 3p, 4s
14) What is the maximum number of electrons in an 4f subshell?
A) 14
B) 10
C) 7
D) 28
15) What is the maximum number of electrons in a 3p subshell?
A) 10
B) 3
C) 6
D) 5
16) Which is the correct electronic configuration for Se (atomic number 34) in the ground state?
A) 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p4
B) 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s04p6
C) 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p4
D) 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s03p6
17) Which is the correct electronic configuration for Fe (atomic number 26) in the ground state?
A) 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d6
B) 1s22s22p63s23p63d8
C) 1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2
D) 1s22s22p63s23p64s24p6
18) Which of the following elements has the electronic configuration: 1s22s22p63s23p3?
A) Al
B) P
C) S
D) Si
19) What is the number of outer shell electrons in fluorine?
A) 2
B) 5
C) 7
D) 9
20) How many valence electrons are in silicon?
A) 2
B) 4
C) 5
D) 7
21) The total number of electrons that can be accommodated in 3d is ________.
A) 5
B) 2
C) 6
D) 10
22) 9) A metal is an element that tends to ________ valence electrons in chemical reactions,
becoming a(n) ________ in the process.
A) lose; cation
B) gain; anion
C) lose; anion
D) gain; cation
23) A non-metal is an element that tends to ________ valence electrons in chemical reactions,
becoming a(n) ________ in the process.
A) lose; cation
B) gain; anion
C) lose; anion
D) gain; cation
24) The size of boron is ________ than that of oxygen and ________ than that of aluminum.
A) smaller; larger
B) larger; larger
C) smaller; smaller
D) larger; smaller
25) What is the trend in atomic size in the series of Group IIA elements Be through Ra?
A) Atomic size increases in this series.
B) Atomic size decreases in this series.
C) Atomic size remains unchanged in this series.
D) Atomic size increases at first, then decreases in this series.
26) Which of the following elements is the smallest size chalcogen?
A) H
B) N
C) O
D) F
27) Which of the following cations will have the electronic configuration 1s22s22p63s23p6?
A) Co2+
B) Ca2+
C) Sc1+
D) Cl1+
28) Which of the following anions will have the electronic configuration 1s22s22p63s23p6?
A) K1-
B) Cl1-
C) S2-
D) Br1-
29) The likely formula of the compound formed between Al and S is ________.
A) Al2S
B) AlS2
C) Al2S3
D) Al3S2
30) The likely formula of the compound formed between Ca and O is ________.
A) Ca2O
B) CaO2
C) Ca2O3
D) CaO
31) Which of the following elements never obeys the octet rule?
A) hydrogen
B) nitrogen
C) carbon
D) chlorine
32) Which of the following ions does not match the electronic configuration
1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p6?
A) Br1-
B) Sr2+
C) As3-
D) Se2+
33) Which of the following ions have electronic configuration: 1s22s22p63s23p6?
A) F–
B) Mg+2
C) P-3
D) S–
34) Which of the following ions does not have the neon electron configuration?
A) S4+
B) Mg2+
C) O2-
D) Al3+
35) Which of the following ions does not include [Kr] in its shorthand electron configuration?
A) Sr2+
B) Te2-
C) Se6+
D) Mo
36) Atoms in which of the following groups will likely gain three electrons?
A) IIIA
B) VA
C) VIIA
D) both A and B
37) Atoms in which of the following groups will likely lose three electrons?
A) IIIA
B) VA
C) IIA
D) IVA
38) The relative ratio of atoms in the binary compound AlxOy is ________.
A) x = 2, y = 3
B) x = 3, y = 2
C) x = 5, y = 2
D) x = 2, y = 5
39) The valence shell ________.
A) always contains eight electrons.
B) is the lowest energy shell in an atom.
C) contains electrons in the outermost shell.
D) is always the same for anions and cations.
40) Below are four pairs of atoms and ions. In which pair is the larger of the two species written
first?
A) S2- and S
B) Cu2+ and Cu
C) O and O2-
D) Cr3+ and Cr
41) The ion that has 14 protons and 18 electrons is ________.
A) Si4+
B) Si4-
C) N4+
D) N4-
42) Which of the following has attained a noble gas electronic configuration?
A) Si4+
B) Cl1+
C) Al3-
D) Cr3+
43) The elements of Group VIIIA are almost entirely non-reactive with any of the other chemical
elements. Which of the following statements best explains this observed behavior?
A) Group VIIIA elements comply with the octet rule.
B) Group VIIIA elements are so rare that no one has ever studied their reactive properties in any
detail.
C) Group VIIIA elements are all gases, and gases are generally non-reactive.
D) No explanation given here can explain why Group VIIIA elements do not react with any of
the other chemical elements.
44) Predict the formula of the compound produced in a reaction between barium (Ba) and
oxygen (O).
A) BaO2
B) BaO
C) BaO3
D) Ba2O3
45) Predict the formula of the compound produced in a reaction between lithium (Li) and
phosphorus (P).
A) LiP
B) Li2P3
C) LiP2
D) Li3P
46) Which of the following elements is the largest size halogen?
A) He
B) I
C) F
D) Kr
47) The scientist credited with developing the current mathematical model of the atom is
________.
A) Bohr
B) Schrödinger
C) Planck
D) Rutherford
48) Which orbital is dumbbell-shaped?
A) 2s
B) 3p
C) 4d
D) 5g
49) Which orbital is a spherical shape?
A) 2s
B) 3p
C) 4d
D) 5f
50) Which s orbital is the largest?
A) 1s
B) 2s
C) 3s
D) 4s
1) The only possible way for an excited state electron to return to the ground state is to emit
energy in the form of visible light.
2) The wavelength is the distance measured between two crests, but not between two troughs.
3) The speed of light is about 186,000 miles per minute.
4) Both the energy and the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation are related by the constants
c, the speed of light, and Planck’s constant, h.
5) Blue visible light has a lower energy than red visible light.
6) Blue visible light has a higher frequency than red visible light.
7) Microwave is radiation of a lower energy than that of visible light.
8) Red light is the lowest frequency of light in the visible region of the electromagnetic
spectrum.
9) The frequency of infrared radiation that has a wavelength of 1.5 × 103 nm is 2.0 × 107 sec-1
(given: speed of light = 3.0 × 108 m/sec).
10) The wavelengths in infrared radiation are larger than those of the ultraviolet region.
11) The observed line spectra of electrically excited gas samples tend to support the notion that
electron energies are quantized.
12) In Bohr’s theory, electrons can jump from one energy level to another or from one orbit to
another.
13) Once an atom gets excited, it may remain in that excited state indefinitely.
14) An electron in the excited state does not necessarily return to a ground state in a single jump.
15) Phosphorus atoms have five valence electrons.
16) The f-block represents a region on the periodic table that is ten elements wide.
17) The p-block represents a region on the periodic table that is six elements wide.
18) The n = 5 principal energy level can hold a maximum of 25 electrons.
19) The correct shortcut for writing the electronic configuration of Sr is [Ar]4s2.
20) The number of electrons in the valence shell of an atom is equal to the group number for the
representative elements.
21) Atoms tend to increase in size as one moves from left to right across a period.
22) Metals generally become more reactive as one proceeds down a column (group).