Introductory Chemistry, 5e (Tro)
Chapter 14 Acids and Bases
14.1 True/False Questions
1) Acids have a bitter taste.
2) Acids produce H⁺ ions in solution.
3) Acids turn litmus paper blue.
4) The main component of stomach acid is sulfuric acid.
5) The main component of vinegar is acetic acid.
6) Bases have a bitter taste.
7) Bases feel slippery.
8) Bases feel slippery because they react with oils on your skin to form soap-like substances.
9) Sodium hydroxide is often used in the manufacturing of soap.
10) The sour taste of bases warns humans against eating poisonous alkaloids found in some
plants.
11) An Arrhenius base is a proton acceptor.
12) A Bronsted-Lowry acid is a proton donor.
13) H⁺ is called the hydronium ion.
14) A conjugate acid-base pair are two substances related to each other by the transfer of a
proton.
15) The conjugate base to HSO4– is SO42-.
16) H2SO3 and H2SO4 are considered a conjugate acid-base pair.
17) NH4+ and NH3 are considered a conjugate acid-base conjugate pair.
18) The products of a neutralization reaction are carbon dioxide and water.
19) The salt that forms due to neutralization of phosphoric acid by calcium hydroxide has the
formula Ca3P2.
20) When a metal reacts with an acid it produces salt and water.
21) Aluminum is one of the few metals that dissolves in a strong base.
22) In a titration, the indicator is used to signal when the endpoint has been reached.
23) A 100 mL sample of 4.0 M H2SO4 could be neutralized by 100 mL of 4.0 M NH3.
24) A strong acid is one that completely dissociates into ions in solution.
25) The equation HCl (aq) + H2O (l) ↔ H3O+ (aq) + Cl– (aq) properly depicts the behavior of
hydrochloric acid in water.
26) A strong acid must also be a strong electrolyte.
27) A strong acid is one that is very concentrated.
28) A weak acid is a dilute acid that is not very powerful.
29) Since diprotic acids such as H2CO3 have two ionizable protons, they will always behave as
strong acids compared to monoprotic acids.
30) In general, the stronger the acid, the weaker is its conjugate base.
31) Water always acts as an acid in reactions.
32) A neutral solution does not contain any H⁺ or OH⁻.
33) The ion product constant for water (Kw) is best stated as Kw = [H2O] [H+].
34) A solution of pH 2 contains ten times more H3O+ than a solution of pH 3.
35) The pH of 0.001 M HCl is 3.0.
36) A 1.0 M [H3O+] solution of a strong acid would have a pH equal to zero.
37) A solution with a concentration of 0.000 000 1 M HCl would be an acidic solution.
38) The pH of a 0.0001 M NaOH solution is 4.
39) A solution that has a pH of 8.5 is considered a weak base.
40) A pH of 7 is equivalent to a pOH of 7.
41) A solution that has a pH of 10 would also have a pOH of 4.
42) A buffer resists a change in pH by being able to react with an acid or a base.
43) A simple buffer can be prepared by mixing significant amounts of a weak acid and its
conjugate base.
44) The burning of fossil fuels produces nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides which can react to
form acid rain (nitric and sulfuric acids).
45) Rain is naturally somewhat acidic because of atmospheric carbon dioxide.
14.2 Multiple Choice Questions
1) Which of the following is NOT a property of acids?
A) Acids have a slippery feel.
B) Acids have a sour taste.
C) Acids turn litmus paper red.
D) Acids dissolve many metals.
E) All of the above are properties of acids.
2) Which of the following statements about acids are TRUE?
1. An acid is used in car batteries.
2. A component of vinegar is an acid.
3. Acids are used for cleaning metals.
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) All of 1, 2, and 3
E) Neither 1, 2, or 3
3) Carboxylic acids can be found in:
A) grapes.
B) apples.
C) lemons.
D) all of the above
E) none of these
4) Which among the following acids is commonly used for etching and frosting glass?
A) hydrochloric acid
B) nitric acid
C) hydrofluoric acid
D) hydrobromic acid
E) All of the above are used.
5) Which of the following acids is commonly used for manufacturing fertilizer?
A) HCl
B) HN
C) HF
D) HBr
E) all of the above
6) Which of the following is NOT a property of bases?
A) Bases have a slippery feel.
B) Bases have a bitter taste.
C) Bases turn litmus paper blue.
D) Bases dissolve many metals.
E) All of the above are properties of bases.
7) Which of the following statements about a base are TRUE?
1. Bases are used in the manufacturing of soap.
2. Bases have a sour taste.
3. Fertilizer manufacture and cotton processing use bases.
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) All of 1, 2, and 3
E) Neither 1, 2, or 3
8) Which of the following common bases is commonly used for manufacturing fertilizer?
A) NH3
B) NaHCO3
C) KOH
D) NaOH
E) all of the above
9) Which of the following is the active ingredient of baking soda?
A) NH3
B) NaHCO3
C) KOH
D) NaOH
E) none of the above
10) The Arrhenius definition of an acid is:
A) a proton donor.
B) a proton acceptor.
C) produces H⁺ in solution.
D) produces OH⁻ in solution.
E) none of the above
11) The Bronsted-Lowry definition of a base is:
A) a proton donor.
B) a proton acceptor.
C) produces H⁺ in solution.
D) produces OH⁻ in solution.
E) none of the above
12) The Bronsted-Lowry definition of an acid is:
A) a proton donor.
B) a proton acceptor.
C) produces H⁺ in solution.
D) produces OH⁻ in solution.
E) none of the above
13) Which of the following is NOT true?
A) The Bronsted-Lowry Model applies to a wider range of acid-base phenomena than does the
Arrhenius Model.
B) The Arrhenius Model of acids and bases was developed before the Bronsted-Lowry Model.
C) The Bronsted-Lowry Model can apply to bases that do not contain hydroxide ions.
D) The Arrhenius Model of acids and bases applies toward substances that are nonaqueous.
E) none of the above
14) In examining the formula for acetic acid, HC2H3O2, the ionizable hydrogen atom(s) is/are:
A) the H on the left.
B) one of the H’s on the right-side.
C) all of the H’s on the right-side.
D) all four H’s.
E) none of the above.
15) What is the conjugate acid of OH⁻?
A)
B) O
C) NaOH
D) OH⁻
E) none of the above
16) What is the conjugate base of O?
A)
B)
C) NaOH
D) OH⁻
E) none of the above
17) Which of the following is NOT an acid-base conjugate pair?
A) H2CO3 and HCO3–
B) H2O and OH–
C) H2S and OH–
D) NH4+ and NH3
E) none of the above
18) In the following reaction:
HCO3– (aq) + H2O (aq) → H2CO3 (aq) + OH– (aq)
A) HCO3– is an acid and H2CO3 is its conjugate base.
B) H2O is an acid and OH– is its conjugate base.
C) HCO3– is an acid and OH– is its conjugate base.
D) H2O is an acid and H2CO3 is its conjugate base.
E) H2O is an acid and HCO3– is its conjugate base.
19) In the following reaction: NH4+ (aq) + H2O (aq) → NH3 (aq) + H3O+ (aq)
A) NH4+ is an acid and H2O is its conjugate base.
B) H2O is a base and NH3 is its conjugate acid.
C) NH4+ is an acid and H3O+ is its conjugate base.
D) H2O is a base and H3O+ is its conjugate acid.
E) NH4+ is a base and H2O is its conjugate acid.
20) Which of the following statements about water are TRUE?
A) Water can act as an acid.
B) Water can act as a base.
C) The conjugate base of water is OH–.
D) The conjugate acid of water is H3O+.
E) All of the above are true.
21) A substance that acts as an acid OR a base is called:
A) isoprotic.
B) a salt.
C) amphoteric.
D) hydrophillic.
E) none of the above
22) What are the products of a neutralization reaction?
A) salt and carbon dioxide
B) carbon dioxide and water
C) water and salt
D) oil and water
E) none of the above
23) A neutralization reaction between an acid and sodium hydroxide formed water and the salt
named sodium sulfate. What was the formula of the acid that was neutralized?
A) H2S
B) H2SO4
C) HCl
D) Na2SO4
E) none of the above
24) A neutralization reaction between KOH (aq) and H2SO4 (aq) would give which two
products?
A) H2O (l) and H2S (g)
B) H2O (l) and KSO4 (aq)
C) H2O (l) and K2SO4 (aq)
D) SO2 (g) and KH2 (g)
E) none of the above