Most polyatomic ions
A. have a negative charge.
B. are composed of a total of two atoms.
C. are cations.
D. contain sulfur atoms.
Increasing wavelength of light goes in this order:
A. ultraviolet > visible > infrared.
B. visible > infrared > ultraviolet.
C. infrared > visible > ultraviolet.
D. ultraviolet > infrared > visible.
Isomers are compounds that have
A. the same chemical formulas and molecular structures but different physical
properties.
B. the same chemical formulas but different molecular structures and physical
properties.
C. different chemical formulas and molecular structures but the same physical
properties.
D. different chemical formulas, molecular structures, and physical properties.
Which is correct?
A. Ozone forms by combining an oxygen atom with an oxygen molecule.
B. There is a dynamic steady state of ozone in the stratosphere.
C. UV radiation will dissociate ozone into an oxygen atom and an oxygen molecule.
D. All of these choices are correct.
The “ozone layer” is found
A. only around the equator.
B. in the troposphere.
C. in the stratosphere.
D. in the mesosphere.
Radiative forcings are
A. geological changes that promote volcanic eruptions.
B. mechanisms for sequestering CO2 endorsed by signers of the Kyoto Protocol.
C. factors that influence the balance of Earth’s incoming and outgoing rediation.
D. changes in geographical distribution of plant, animal, and insect species brought on
by climate change.
Concerning dietary supplements, which of the following statements is true?
A. They are not reviewed by the FDA before they are marketed.
B. They are classified as “food and drugs.”
C. They are assessed for purity by the DSHEA before they are marketed.
D. They are required not to interact with traditional medicines.
Which naturally occurring radioactive particles are the largest?
A. alpha particles
B. beta particles
C. gamma radiation
D. neutrons
Polyethylene can be represented by this drawing.
A molecule of polyethylene has n=1000. What is the molar mass of this molecule? The
atomic masses are: C = 12.01 g/mol; H = 1.01 g/mol.
A. 1000 g/mol
B. 14,030 g/mol
C. 28,060 g/mol
D. 56,120 g/mol
The molecules that are added to polymers to make them softer and more pliable are
known as
A. monomers.
B. plasticizers.
C. pigments.
D. rubber.
Which region of cholesterol is most responsible for its solubility in nonpolar
substances?
A. Region 1
B. Region 2
C. Region 3
D. Region 4
Which is the best definition of specific heat?
A. the quantity of heat energy that must be absorbed to cause one gram of a liquid
substance to boil
B. the quantity of heat energy that must be absorbed to increase the temperature of one
gram of a substance one degree Celsius
C. the boiling point of a liquid substance in degrees Celsius
D. the difference between the freezing point and the boiling point of a substance
HCFCs are a temporary solution to the problem of ozone depletion and will be replaced
over the next 20 years by which class of compounds?
A. HFCs
B. CFCs
C. halons
D. HFBCs
Which substance is an element?
A. NO2
B. NaCl
C. N2
D. CH4
Consider the following equation that describes the complete combustion of propane.
The bond energies are: C H 416 kJ/mol; C C 356 kJ/mol; O O 498 kJ/mol; C O
803 kJ/mol; H O 467 kJ/mol. Which is the net energy released on complete
combustion of propane?
A. -1668 kJ/mol
B. -2024 kJ/mol
C. -4277 kJ/mol
D. -8554 kJ/mol
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is made from the monomer, CH2CHCl. Which would not
be a possible arrangement in PVC?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Why doesn’t water naturally become hydrogen and oxygen gas when exposed to light?
A. Thermal energy is the only appropriate type of energy to split water.
B. You must use electrons to split water.
C. Water doesn’t absorb the proper wavelength of light to split.
Which example is both a type of nuclear radiation and electromagnetic radiation?
A. microwave radiation
B. gamma radiation
C. alpha rays
D. ultraviolet radiation
What are the major disadvantages of using ozone instead of chlorine to disinfect water?
A. Ozonation is more expensive than chlorination and ozone leaves an odor in the
water.
B. Ozonation causes trihalomethane formation and leaves an odor in the treated water.
C. Ozonation causes trihalomethane formation and is more expensive than chlorination.
D. Ozone decomposes quickly and does not provide long-term protection against
possible contamination as the water is piped through a municipal distribution system.
For safety reasons, high-level nuclear waste (HLW) must be contained
A. for 10 years.
B. for 100 years.
C. until it becomes low-level nuclear waste.
D. permanently.
In a refinery, the components of petroleum are separated by
A. combustion reactions.
B. crystallization.
C. fractional distillation.
D. isomerization.
Which is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of nitrogen (N2) with oxygen
(O2) to form NO?
A. 2 NO → N2 + O2
B. N2 + O2 → NO
C. N2 + O2 → 2 NO
D. NO → N2 + O2
Which statement is true? For those who are lactose-intolerant, consuming
A. dairy products results in diarrhea and excess gas.
B. red meat results in diarrhea and excess gas.
C. milk or yogurt leads to migraine headaches.
D. red meat leads to stomach cramping.
Polystyrene is used to make Styrofoam cups. For this usage, which property is most
important?
A. good insulator
B. light weight
C. white and opaque
D. brittle
The formula for a sulfate ion is SO4
2. What is the formula of gallium (Ga) sulfate?
A. GaSO4
B. Ga2SO4
C. Ga2(SO4)3
D. Ga3(SO4)2
The molecules that are added to polymers to make them softer and more pliable are
known as
A. monomers.
B. plasticizers.
C. pigments.
D. rubber.
The conclusion that it is impossible to completely convert heat into work without
making other changes in the universe is
A. based on erroneous observations.
B. the concept that increasing entropy characterizes all changes in the universe.
C. another way of stating that all energy is either thermal energy or heat.
D. the second law of thermodynamics.
Which naturally occurring type of radiation has the greatest penetrating power?
A. alpha
B. beta
C. gamma
D. they are all the same
The identity and sequence of the amino acids present in a protein is its
A. primary structure.
B. secondary structure.
C. tertiary structure.
D. quaternary structure.
Although the nuclear reactors used to produce electricity do not release carbon dioxide,
nuclear energy is still responsible for the release of this greenhouse gas. Which activity
probably does not contribute largely to the carbon dioxide released by nuclear power
generation.
A. mining and production of uranium fuel rods
B. transportation of nuclear fuel and waste
C. construction of the nuclear reactor facility
D. cooling of the secondary coolant by a large reservoir of water
For what purpose was the Haber-Bosch process developed?
A. reduction of SOx in coal burning power plant emissions
B. reduction of NOx in vehicle emissions
C. nitrification of soil
D. production of ammonia
The numbers 1 through 4 are used to identify four different elements on the periodic
table. Which element is expected to have 2+ charge when it forms an ion?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Rank the forms of nuclear radiation from highest to lowestmass.
A. gamma, alpha, beta
B. beta, gamma, alpha
C. alpha, gamma, beta
D. alpha, beta, gamma