A substance that can be broken down into two or more simpler substances by chemical
methods is called a(n)
A. compound.
B. mixture.
C. element.
D. isotope.
Which of these locations would be best suited to geothermal energy as a source to
operate homes?
A. Hawaii
B. Oklahoma
C. Vermont
D. England
Although carbon dioxide is the primary compound discussed with respect to global
warming; of the common atmospheric components the global warming potential (GWP)
of a carbon dioxide molecule is very low. Which statement best explains this pair of
facts?
A. CO2 molecules are highly symmetrical.
B. CO2 has a low molar mass.
C. CO2 exists in relatively high concentrations.
D. CO2 is formed in the combustion of fossil fuels.
Which squares contain mixtures?
A. II and III only
B. III and IV only
C. I, III, and IV only
D. I and IV only
This graph compares the recycling of plastics in Sweden and the United States.
From this graph it is apparent that the percentage of plastics that Sweden recycled in
2004 was approximately ___ times the percentage that was recycled in the United
States in that year.
A. 80
B. 8
C. 6
D. 4
Which two gases make up more than 95% of an inhaled breath?
A. NO2 and N2
B. CO2 and O2
C. O2 and N2
D. N2 and Ar
Which is the balanced equation for the fission of U-235?
A.
B.
C.
D.
A NiCd battery uses nickel and cadmium to produce a potential difference. Using these
equations, answer the following questions.
I. 2NiO(OH) (s) + 2H2O (l) + 2 e– → 2Ni(OH)2(s) + 2 OH (aq)
II. Cd (s) + 2OH (aq) → Cd(OH)2 (s) + 2e
III. Cd (s) + 2NiO(OH) (s) + 2 H2O (l) → 2 Ni(OH)2(s) + Cd(OH)2(s)
Which equation represents the whole chemical reaction within the galvanic cell?
A. I
B. II
C. III
D. I and II
What two factors are considered when determining the risk assessment for air
pollutants?
A. exposure and ppm
B. percentage and ppm
C. toxicity and percentage
D. toxicity and exposure
The regions of a polymer where the long polymer molecules are arranged neatly and
tightly in a regular pattern is called the ________ region.
A. crystalline
B. amorphous
C. condensed
D. porous
A chemical reaction accompanied by a release of energy is called a/an ______ reaction.
A. endothermic
B. catalyzed
C. exothermic
D. fast
A(n) __________ is a fixed number of atoms held together by chemical bonds in a
certain spatial arrangement.
A. element
B. ion
C. molecule
D. mixture
Which of these synthetic polymers is most closely related to the natural protein
polymers?
A. polyester
B. nylon
C. polystyrene
D. polyvinyl chloride
According to the graph below,
the United States production of petroleum has steadily decreased since
A. 1950.
B. 1960.
C. 1975.
D. 1985.
Combustion is a chemical process in which a fuel combines with______ to release
energy and form products.
A. nitrogen
B. oxygen
C. methane
D. hydrogen
What percentage of Earth’s water is in the oceans?
A. 97%
B. 50%
C. 3%
D. 0.014%
What distinguishes the atoms of one element from another?
A. the number of neutrons
B. the number of protons plus neutrons
C. the number of protons
D. the number of neutrons plus electrons
Results of the Montreal protocol include
A. greatly reduced production of CFCs.
B. increased production of alternatives to CFCs.
C. recycling of CFCs.
D. All of these choices are correct.
The aluminum-air battery is being considered for use in automobiles. In this battery,
aluminum metal undergoes oxidation to Al3+ ions and forms Al(OH)3. O2 from the air
undergoes reduction to OH ions. Which half-reaction occurs at the anode?
A. formation of OH ions from O2.
B. capturing O2 from the air so that it may form the OH ions.
C. formation of Al3+ ions from aluminum.
D. reaction of Al3+ ions with hydroxide ions to produce Al(OH)3.
In general, a modern hybrid vehicle is less polluting than a standard vehicle because it
runs on both a
A. gasoline engine and an electric motor run by a rechargeable battery.
B. gasoline engine and a fuel cell.
C. fuel cell and an electric motor run by a rechargeable battery.
D. gasoline engine and a cleaner diesel engine.
Identify groups of structural isomers among the compounds below:
A. 3 and 5 AND 1 and 4
B. 2 and 3
C. 1, 3 and 5
D. 1 and 4
Which incorrectly pairs over-the-counter drugs with its target function?
A. aspirinanti-inflammatory agent
B. dextromorphancough suppressant
C. ibuprofenantacid
D. pseudoephedrinedecongestant
The primary product of the combustion of sulfur is:
A. H2S
B. H2SO4
C. H2SO3
D. SO2
Identify the single most effective strategy to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
A. Use methane rather than gasoline for fuel in cars and trucks.
B. Develop alternate energy sources that do not rely on fossil fuels.
C. Use wood as a home heating fuel.
D. Convert all vehicles to diesel fuel.
The energy needed to initiate a chemical reaction is called the
A. heat of combustion.
B. bond energy.
C. activation energy.
D. renewable energy.
Which chemical equation shows the dissociation of 2 protons from trihydrogen
phosphate (phosphoric acid)?
A. H3PO4 → H2
+ + HPO4
B. H3PO4 → H2
2+ + PO4
2
C. H3PO4 → 2H+ + HPO4
2
D. H3PO4 → H3
3+ + PO4
3
Calculate the amount of energy that is saved by replacing a 75-watt incandescent light
bulb with an 18-watt fluorescent bulb during the 1500-hour life of the incandescent
bulb.One watt is the equivalent of one joule of energy used per second.
A. 308,000 kJ
B. 405,000 kJ
C. 97,200 kJ
D. 27 kJ
How much energy is equivalent to1.0 x 104 kg of matter? (speed of light = 3.0 x 108
m/s)
A. 3.0 x 104 J
B. 3.0 x 107 J
C. 9.0 x 1012 J
D. 9.0 x 1015 J
Sulfur dioxide, the primary product of sulfur combustion, further reacts with oxygen as
shown.
2 SO2 + O2 → 2 SO3
What is the final step in the formation of the acidic aerosol?
A. Reaction of sulfur trioxide with nitrogen oxide.
B. Reaction of sulfur trioxide with water.
C. Reaction of sulfur trioxide with sodium hydroxide.
D. Reaction of sulfur trioxide with nitrogen gas.
In the early 1990s, glass manufacturers developed a green chemistry solution to
reducing NO emissions and energy consumption. This involved
A. reducing the temperature required to melt the glass.
B. using liquid rather than solid starting materials to make the glass.
C. substituting 100% oxygen for air in the large furnaces used to melt and reheat the
glass.
D. melting the starting materials in the absence of air (in a vacuum).