The speed of light in air
A. depends only on the frequency of the light.
B. depends only on the wavelength of light.
C. is independent of the wavelength and frequency of light.
D. depends on both the wavelength and the frequency of light.
Except in the case of hydrocarbons, when naming virtually all compounds made up of
two elements, the second element mentioned
A. ends in “ide.”
B. is preceded by “mono” (or occasionally “mon”).
C. is always the more metallic element.
D. is the one present in the greater number of atoms.
Which has not been suggested as a reasonably practical way to store large amounts of
hydrogen in relatively small spaces for its use as a fuel?
A. Liquefy hydrogen under pressure and store it much as we do with liquefied natural
gas today.
B. Absorb hydrogen onto activated charcoal; then heat the mixture to release the
hydrogen.
C. Store it in the form of ionic metal hydrides, such as LiH, which release hydrogen gas
when they react with water.
D. Encapsulate hydrogen molecules in fullerene molecules (large, carbon-based
molecules that can act like cages) that may be heated later to release the hydrogen.
The history of average global temperature for the last 160,000 years is derived from
isotopic analysis of ice layers in Antarctica. Scientists study the ______ ratio in ______.
A. 14C/12C; CH4
B. 1H/2H; H2O
C. 12C/14C; CO2
D. 16C/18O; CO2
All of these pollutants can be detected by their odors except:
A. CO
B. O3
C. SOx
D. NOx
Why have efforts to reduce sulfur oxide emissions met with greater success than those
directed at nitrogen oxide emissions reductions?
A. Sulfur oxides have higher molar masses than nitrogen oxides.
B. Sulfur oxide emissions come from a limited number of point sources.
C. Nitrogen oxides are only produced at power plants.
D. Nitrogen reacts more readily with oxygen than sulfur.
Which is not a mixture?
A. a jar filled with rocks and sand
B. sea water
C. a glass of Kool-Aid
D. sodium chloride
If you have 200.0 g of radioisotope with a half-life of 5 days, how much isotope would
remain after 15 days?
A. 12.5 g
B. 13.3 g
C. 25.0 g
D. 40.0 g
Waste created at these power plants must be stored indefinitely:
A. coal-burning plants.
B. nuclear plants.
C. both coal-burning and nuclear plants.
D. neither coal-burning nor nuclear plants.
Which is a fossil fuel?
A. wood
B. uranium
C. ethanol
D. natural gas
The formation of nitric oxide (NO, a precursor to nitric acid) from oxygen and nitrogen
is ordinarily a very slow process. What accounts for its more rapid formation in
automobile exhaust?
A. the extreme conditions involved in gasoline combustion
B. the presence of nitrogen compounds in gasoline
C. catalysts present in fuel that facilitate its formation
D. well-designed catalytic converters
Which reaction illustrates how acid rain causes the decomposition of marble
monuments?
A. Ca(OH)2 + H2
+ → Ca2+ + 2 H2O
B. CaCO3 + 2 H+ → Ca2+ + CO2 + H2O
C. 4 Fe2+ + O2 + 4 H2O → 2 Fe2O3 + 8 H+
D. Ca(OH)2 + 2 H2O → CaO2
2 + 2 H3O+
Which is a characteristic of ‘surface” high-level nuclear waste storage that is not a
characteristic of storing the waste in a geological repository? Waste in a geological
repository is not
A. as easily accessible.
B. feasible.
C. secure.
D. safe.
PET contains what sort of linkage between the monomer units?
A. Ether
B. Ester
C. Amine
D. Peptide bond
Choose the proper coefficients for each substance to yield a balanced equation.
A. 1, 1, 1
B. 2, 1, 1
C. 2, 1, 2
D. 1, 1, 2
Complete the following statement while ignoring any thermodynamic considerations. A
candle may be considered a more efficient producer of light than a flashlight because
it-22-201
A. converts chemical energy directly into light.
B. produces more heat than a flashlight.
C. does not have a battery to recharge or replace.
D. may be used in remote locations far from electrical networks or power lines.
To date, solar radiation is not a practical source for the production of electricity used to
power
A. electric highway signs.
B. security lighting in parking lots.
C. satellites in orbit around the earth.
D. fleets of taxis.
What moves in the salt bridge from the cathode to the anode?
A. electrons
B. Zn+2 ions
C. Cu+2 ions
D. anions
The “doping” of a semiconductor to improve its performance means
A. slightly raising the temperature of a pure semiconductor to improve the ability of its
electrons to flow from atom to atom.
B. fusing layers of two different pure semiconductors together to give the electrons that
absorb the solar radiation characteristics of the electrons of both semiconductors.
C. mixing large amounts of a metal with small amounts of a semiconductor so that the
metal itself becomes a semiconductor.
D. adding small amounts of other elements to the pure semiconductor to change the
freedom of electron motion throughout the crystal.
How many joules are required to heat 2.0 L of water from 20C to its boiling point of
100C? The specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g”C and the density of water is 1 g/mL.
A. 6.7 105 J
B. 1.7 105 J
C. 3.8 104 J
D. 6.7 102 J
Which shows the Lewis structure of water with the correct partial charges and
nonbonding electrons?
A.
B.
C.
D.
When only one pair of shared electrons is involved in a covalent bond, the linkage is
called a ______ bond.
A. triple
B. single
C. double
D. resonant
What is the coefficient for oxygen in the balanced chemical equation for the
combustion of heptane (C7H16)? Unbalanced equation: C7H16 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
A. 11
B. 8
C. 7
D. 1
Proteins are polymers of amino acids held together by ______ bonds.
A. protein
B. peptide
C. ester
D. acid
In the periodic table, which elements typically have similar properties?
A. those in the same rows
B. those related diagonally
C. those in the same columns
D. those on opposite sides
In Earth’s atmosphere, where is the ozone layer?
A. troposphere
B. biosphere
C. mesosphere
D. stratosphere
The morning newspaper reports a UV Index Forecast of 6.5. What precautions, if any
should a fair skinned person take?
A. None.
B. Only sunglasses and maybe a hat is enough.
C. Reduce exposure between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. in addition to SPF 15+ sunscreen.
D. All precautions must be taken; this is an extreme UV day.
How do the interactions that are broken in water when it is boiled compare with those
broken when water is electrolyzed?
A. Boiling water breaks intermolecular attractions and electrolysis breaks covalent
bonds.
B. Boiling water breaks covalent bonds and electrolysis breaks intermolecular
attractions.
C. Boiling water and electrolysis of water break covalent bonds.
D. Boiling water and electrolysis of water break intermolecular forces.
The two main products of the combustion of gasoline in an automobile engine are
A. oxygen and carbon monoxide.
B. sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides.
C. sulfur oxides and hydrogen.
D. water and carbon dioxide.
Calculate the mass of 25,000 molecules of nitrogen gas.(1 mole = 6.02 x 1023
molecules)
A. 5.81 x 10“19 g
B. 1.16 x 10“18 g
C. 7.00 x 105 g
D. 5.38 x 1026 g