Which country has the highest per capita emission of carbon dioxide?
A. United States
B. Germany
C. Canada
D. Saudi Arabia
How many bromide ions can combine with one ion of aluminum to form an ionic
compound?
A. 3
B. 6
C. 1
D. 2
The internationally accepted atomic mass standard is carbon-12 because this isotope
A. was arbitrarily selected as a convenient standard.
B. is the smallest isotope that could be accurately weighed.
C. is the only isotope with equal numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
D. is the only isotope of carbon that exists.
Calculate the percentage, by mass, of fluorine in sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), a potent
greenhouse gas.
A. 22.0%
B. 59.2%
C. 78.0%
D. 82.1%
The following warning appears on cans of diet beverages sweetened with aspartame:
“Phenylketonurics: Contains phenylalanine.” Should you worry about drinking the
beverage?
A. No. For the majority of people, aspartame is a safe alternative to sugar.
B. Yes. The majority of people lack the enzyme needed to transform phenylalanine into
tyrosine.
C. No. Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid unavailable in any other food.
D. Yes. Phenylalanine causes mental retardation.
Two isotopes of a particular element differ from one another by the number of
A. neutrons.
B. protons.
C. protons, neutrons, and electrons.
D. protons plus electrons.
From the information given, which statement is false?
A. There are more H atoms than O in the body.
B. The greatest percentage of body weight comes from oxygen.
C. Carbon is the most important element.
D. There are more H atoms than C in the body.
What is the source of the nitrogen in the NOx emitted from fossil fuel combustion?
A. the atmosphere
B. coal
C. natural gas
D. oil
Calculate the amount of sulfur dioxide produced annually by a power plant that burns
7.5 million metric tons (t) of coal over a year. Assume that the coal is 2.4% sulfur by
mass. 1 metric ton (t) = 1000 kg.
A. 3.6 108 kg
B. 3.6 108 t
C. 1.8 1011 kg
D. 7.5 1012 g
Skin, hair, muscle, and enzymes are all made of protein, which is a natural polymer.
Proteins are
A. polyesters.
B. polyethylenes.
C. polyamides.
D. polyalcohols.
Chemical energy is converted directly into electrical energy in
A. a galvanic cell.
B. an electrical power plant.
C. an electrolytic cell.
D. an automobile’s engine.
Advertising claims sometimes state that adding something mechanical to a car’s engine
will allow it to recover 100% of the energy that comes from burning gasoline. You
should be skeptical of such claims because they violate the
A. first law of thermodynamics.
B. second law of thermodynamics.
C. law of conservation of matter.
D. activation energy requirements of all chemical reactions.
Which of the following is usually consumed in a breeder reactor?
A. Pu-239
B. U-235
C. C-14
D. U-238
What chemicals replaced CFCs as polymer blowing agents?
A. CO2 and pentane
B. CO2 and H2
C. Pentane and H2
D. Halons
Which of these is a representation of vinyl chloride?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which region of the ultraviolet spectrum is absorbed least by the atmosphere?
A. UV-A
B. UV-B
C. UV-C
D. They are all absorbed approximately equally.
Which reaction most accurately represents the dissociation of nitrous acid (HNO2) in
water?
A. HNO2 + H2O → H3O+ + NO2
B. HNO2 + H2O → H3O2
+ + NO
C. HNO2 + H2O → HN + HO+ + HO2
D. HNO2 + H2O → H3O+ + N + O2
Which pollutant are you more likely to encounter in dangerous concentrations indoors
rather than outdoors?
A. nitrogen dioxide
B. carbon monoxide
C. ozone
D. sulfur dioxide
The drawing shows a simple way of purifying salt water. What is this process called?
A. filtration
B. distillation
C. ozonation
D. chlorination
LP gas (liquid propane, C3H8) is the fuel used in gas grills as well as a main source of
heat energy for many rural residences. What is the mass of 5.83 1017 molecules of
liquid propane?
A. 2.57 1019 g
B. 6.41 1018 g
C. 4.27 105 g
D. 6.89 107 g
What is the maximum one-time dose of radiation one can receive without suffering any
detectable physiological effects?
A. ≤ 25 rem (0.25 Sv)
B. ≤ 50 rem (0.5 Sv)
C. ≤ 100 rem (1.0 Sv)
D. ≤ 200 rem (2.0 Sv)
Isopentyl acetate (shown here) is used as a flavoring agent in food. Its fragrance is that
of bananas. What functional group(s) is(are) present in this compound?
A. ester only
B. ketone only
C. ketone and ether only
D. ester, ether, and ketone
Which correctly describes groundwater?
A. any fresh water found above ground in lakes and rivers; usually needs treatment to
remove harmful contaminants
B. any water found above ground in lakes and rivers; usually free of harmful
contaminants
C. any water taken from aquifers
D. none of the above.
Which contributes to the ozone hole?
A. automobile exhaust
B. chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
C. loss of Northern forests
D. All of these choices are correct.
The greenhouse effect refers to the process by which
A. atmospheric oxygen and nitrogen absorb heat radiated by Earth.
B. atmospheric nitrogen absorbs ultraviolet radiation radiated by Earth
C. atmospheric gases trap and return infrared radiation radiated by Earth.
D. greenhouse gases absorb ultraviolet radiation from the Sun, warming the molecules.
Which of these are considered to be macrominerals?
I. C
II. Ca
III. Cl
IV. Co
V. Cu
A. I and II only
B. II and III only
C. III and IV only
D. IV and V only
Which of these statements are correct for addition polymerization only?
I. Monomer units chemically bond together.
II. Product contains all the atoms of the starting material.
III. There is generally just one monomer.
A. I only
B. I and II
C. II only
D. I and III
The production of nickel and copper metals from their ores involves sulfur dioxide
emissions because
A. the ores of these elements are composed primarily of NiSO2 and CuSO2.
B. the ores of these elements are composed primarily of NiS and CuS.
C. to release the metals from their ores, the ores are heated with sulfur-containing coal.
D. the release of metals from their ores involves the reaction of SO3 with the ore.
Neither N2 nor O2 are greenhouse gases because
A. N2 and O2 react with one another, producing N2O2 when exposed to infrared
radiation.
B. their overall electric charge distribution does not change when they vibrate.
C. infrared radiation causes their bonds to break.
D. their atmospheric concentrations are not changed by human activity.
What is the structure of the ester that is formed in the following reaction?
A.
B.
C.
D.