49) What is the molarity of a KCl solution made by diluting 75.0 mL of a 0.200 M solution to a final
volume of 100. mL?
A) 0.267 M
B) 0.150 M
C) 0.200 M
D) 6.67 M
E) 0.100 M
50) What volume of 2.5% (m/v) KOH can be prepared from 125 mL of a 5.0% KOH solution?
A) 0.0040 mL
B) 63 mL
C) 0.10 mL
D) 125 mL
E) 250 mL
51) What volume of 0.10 M NaOH can be prepared from 250. mL of 0.30 M NaOH?
A) 0.075 L
B) 0.25 L
C) 0.75 L
D) 0.083 L
E) 750 L
52) What volume of a 2.00 M KCl solution is required to prepare 500. mL of a 0.100 M KCl solution?
A) 0.0400 mL
B) 25.0 mL
C) 2.00 mL
D) 1.00 × 104 mL
E) 5.00 × 102 mL
53) What is the new mass/volume (m/v)% of a KOH solution that is prepared by diluting 110 mL of a 6%
(m/v) KOH solution to 330 mL?
A) 2%
B) 1%
C) 6%
D) 12%
E) 18%
54) A homogeneous mixture that does not settle out upon standing is
A) an element.
B) a colloid.
C) a suspension.
D) homogeneous.
E) hydrated.
55) In the process known as osmosis, ________ moves through a semipermeable membrane into an area
of ________ concentration.
A) solute; lower solute
B) solute; higher solute
C) solvent; lower solute
D) solvent; lower solvent
E) solvent; higher solvent
For the question(s) that follow, consider a 4% starch solution and a 10% starch solution separated by a
semipermeable membrane.
56) Which starch solution will decrease in volume as osmosis occurs?
A) 4%
B) 10%
C) Neither exerts osmotic pressure.
D) They exert equal osmotic pressures.
E) They exert opposite osmotic pressures.
57) The process that occurs in this system is
A) filtration.
B) hydration.
C) neutralization.
D) dialysis.
E) osmosis.
58) Which of the following occurs in this system?
A) Water flows equally in both directions.
B) There is a net flow of water from the 4% starch solution into the 10% starch solution.
C) There is a net flow of water from the 10% starch solution into the 4% starch solution.
D) Water does not cross the membrane at all.
E) Starch moves out of the 10% starch solution into the 4% starch solution.
59) A solution with the same osmotic pressure as the blood is
A) isotonic to the blood.
B) hypotonic to the blood.
C) hypertonic to the blood.
D) nontonic to the blood.
E) molar to the blood.
60) A solution that has an osmotic pressure less than that of red blood cells is called
A) saturated.
B) hypertonic.
C) isotonic.
D) hypotonic.
E) unsaturated.
61) A red blood cell will undergo crenation in
A) water.
B) 0.5% NaCl.
C) 3% glucose.
D) 5% glucose.
E) 7% NaCl.
62) Which solution is isotonic to a red blood cell?
A) water
B) 0.5% NaCl
C) 2% glucose
D) 0.9% NaCl
E) 10% glucose
63) A red blood cell will undergo hemolysis in
A) water.
B) 0.9% NaCl.
C) 5% glucose.
D) 5% NaCl.
E) 10% glucose.
64) The process by which a semipermeable membrane allows water molecules, small molecules, and ions
to pass through while retaining large particles is called
A) osmotic pressure.
B) dialysis.
C) solvation.
D) dilution.
E) hydration.
65) An aqueous mixture containing starch (a colloid), NaCl, glucose, and albumin (a colloid) is placed in a
dialyzing bag and immersed in distilled water. Which of the following correctly describes the location of
the indicated substance after dialysis?
A) albumin, inside
B) starch outside
C) albumin inside and outside
D) water inside only
E) starch inside and outside
66) 1.0 mole of NaCl is added to 1.0 kg of water. The freezing point of the solution will be ________ the
freezing point of pure water.
A) higher than
B) lower than
C) the same as
67) 0.50 mole of KCl is added to 2.0 kg of water. The boiling point of the solution will be ________ the
boiling point of pure water.
A) higher than
B) lower than
C) the same as
68) 0.50 mole of NaCl is added to 1.0 kg of water. The freezing point of the solution will be ________.
A) 0.00 °C
B) 0.93 °C
C) 1.86 °C
D) -0.93 °C
E) -1.86 °C
69) What is the osmolarity of a solution made by dissolving 0.50 mole of the strong electrolyte CaCl2 in
1.0 L of solution?
A) 0.50 Osm
B) 1.0 Osm
C) 1.5 Osm
D) 2.0 Osm
E) 0.0 Osm
70) What is the osmolarity of a solution made by dissolving 25.0 g of the strong electrolyte KCl in 1.0 L of
solution?
A) 0.168 Osm
B) 0.335 Osm
C) 0.250 Osm
D) 0.670 Osm
E) 1.34 Osm
9.2 Bimodal Questions
1) Acetic acid can be classified as a(n) ________.
A) gas
B) solid
C) weak electrolyte
D) strong electrolyte
E) ionic compound
2) NaCl can be classified as a ________.
A) gas
B) liquid
C) weak electrolyte
D) strong electrolyte
E) nonelectrolyte
3) Methanol, CH3OH, can be classified as a ________.
A) gas
B) solid
C) weak electrolyte
D) strong electrolyte
E) nonelectrolyte
4) The molarity of a solution of 5.0 g of KCl in 100. mL of solution is ________.
A) 0.038 M
B) 0.067 M
C) 0.67 M
D) 0.13 M
E) 1.3 M
5) If 100. mL of water is added to 25 mL of 5.0 M NaCl, the final concentration is ________.
A) 25 M
B) 1.0 M
C) 5.0 M
D) 2.0 M
E) 1.3 M
6) Using a kidney machine to remove waste products from the blood is known as ________.
A) osmosis
B) osmolysis
C) autolysis
D) hemolysis
E) hemodialysis
7) A mixture in which one component settles is called a(n) ________.
A) solution
B) colloid
C) suspension
D) electrolyte
E) nonelectrolyte
9.3 Short Answer Questions
1) A substance that carries an electric current when dissolved in water is called a(n) ________.
2) A substance that produces only a small number of ions in solution is known as a ________ electrolyte.
3) A solution of sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, that has a molarity of 0.0100 M contains ________
equivalents of carbonate per liter of the solution.
4) A solution of sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, that has a molarity of 0.0100 M contains ________
equivalents of sodium ions per liter of the solution.
5) Is barium sulfate, BaSO4, soluble or insoluble in water?
6) In the following equation, ________ will form a precipitate.
NaCl + AgNO3 → AgCl + NaNO3
7) In the following equation, ________ will form a precipitate.
BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2HCl
8) The number of moles of a compound dissolved in one liter of a solution is called the ________.
9) If 25.0 mL of a 0.800 M KCl solution is diluted to a final volume of 100. mL, the new concentration is
________.
10) Substances whose particles in solution scatter light and pass through filters but cannot pass through
semipermeable membranes are called ________.
9.4 Matching Questions
Identify the term defined in each description.
A) hypotonic
B) hydrogen bonding
C) unsaturated
D) hypertonic
E) saturated
F) hydration
1) a solution that contains the highest amount of solute that dissolves at a given temperature
Objective: 9.3
Global Outcomes: GO2
2) the major attraction between water molecules
Objective: 9.1
Global Outcomes: GO2
3) the association of several water molecules with ions produced in a solution
Objective: 9.1
Global Outcomes: GO2
4) a solution in which more solute can be dissolved
Objective: 9.3
Global Outcomes: GO2
5) a solution that has a higher osmotic pressure than the red blood cells of the body
Objective: 9.6
Global Outcomes: GO2
Match the type of mixture with the appropriate characteristics.
A) suspension
B) colloid
C) solution
6) a mixture of sodium chloride in water
Objective: 9.6
Global Outcomes: GO2
7) a mixture whose particles settle on standing
Objective: 9.6
Global Outcomes: GO2
8) a homogeneous mixture in which suspended particles cannot pass through a semipermeable
membrane
Objective: 9.6
Global Outcomes: GO2
9) a mixture whose particles cannot be separated by filters or semipermeable membranes
Objective: 9.6
Global Outcomes: GO2
10) a mixture whose particles can be separated by filters
Objective: 9.6
Global Outcomes: GO2
Compare the osmotic pressure of these solutions to the osmotic pressure of red blood cells.
A) hypertonic
B) isotonic
C) hypotonic
11) water
Objective: 9.6
Global Outcomes: GO7
12) 0.5% NaCl
Objective: 9.6
Global Outcomes: GO7
13) 7% glucose
Objective: 9.6
Global Outcomes: GO7
14) 5% glucose
Objective: 9.6
Global Outcomes: GO7
15) 0.9% NaCl
Objective: 9.6
Global Outcomes: GO7
Indicate whether each of the following compounds dissolves in water to give ions, molecules, or both.
A) both
B) ions
C) molecules
16) NaCl, a strong electrolyte
Objective: 9.2
Global Outcomes: GO2
17) HI, a strong electrolyte
Objective: 9.2
Global Outcomes: GO2
18) CH3CH2OH, a nonelectrolyte
Objective: 9.2
Global Outcomes: GO2
19) KNO3, a strong electrolyte
Objective: 9.2
Global Outcomes: GO2
20) glucose, a nonelectrolyte
Objective: 9.2
Global Outcomes: GO2
21) H2CO3, a weak electrolyte
Objective: 9.2
Global Outcomes: GO2