Name:
Class:
Date:
Identify the following terms:
1. Lavrenti Beria and Vyacheslav Molotov
ANSWER:
POINTS:
2. Georgy Malenkov and a “new course”
ANSWER:
POINTS:
3. Nikita Khrushchev
ANSWER:
4. “virgin lands”
ANSWER:
5. “Cornman”
ANSWER:
6. destalinization
POINTS:
7. Leonid Brezhnev
POINTS:
8. de-Khrushchevization and Alexei Kosygin
POINTS:
9. Pravda and Izvestiya
ANSWER:
POINTS:
10. “We will bury you“
ANSWER:
11. blat
ANSWER:
Name:
Class:
Date:
12. Gosplan
13. the “queue psychology”
14. “little Stalins”
15. Wladyslaw Gomulka and “internal reform, external loyalty”
16. Poland and Hungary, 1956
17. Hungary’s Imre Nagy and Janos Kadar
18. Radio Liberty and Radio Free Europe
19. Alexander Dubcek and “socialism with a human face”
20. Yugoslavia and “different roads to socialism”
21. “Prague Spring“
22. East Germany’s Walter Ulbricht and Erich Honecker
Name:
Class:
Date:
23. the East German Stasi
24. the Berlin Wall
Answer not provided.
25. Dmitri Shostakovich
Answer not provided.
26. Alexander Solzhenitsyn’s One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich and The Gulag Archipelago
Answer not provided.
27. Boris Pasternak’s Dr. Zhivago
Answer not provided.
28. women and the “double shift”
29. Mikhail Gorbachev
30. perestroika and glasnost
31. Chernobyl
Answer not provided.
32. Andrei Sakharov
Answer not provided.
33. Solidarity and Lech Walesa
34. Hungary’s “communism with a capitalist face-lift”
Name:
Class:
Date:
Answer not provided.
35. Vaclav Havel and Charter 77
36. Lithuania
37. Boris Yeltsin
38. Commonwealth of Independent States
Answer not provided.
39. Chechnya
Answer not provided.
40. “criminal gang capitalism”
Answer not provided.
41. Vladimir Putin
Answer not provided.
42. Article 6
43. Brezhnev Doctrine
44. Yuri Andropov and Konstantin Chernenko
45. Pope John Paul II
Name:
Class:
Date:
Answer not provided.
46. In order to restore the economy of the Soviet Union after World War II, Stalin resorted to all of the following except
a.
the New Economic Policy was reintroduced.
b.
goods and materials were removed from occupied Germany.
c.
raw materials were extorted from the Soviet satellite states of Eastern Europe.
d.
Soviet laborers produced goods for export with little return for themselves.
e.
women performed 40% of the heavy manual labor.
p. 190
47. The Soviet Union’s five-year plan announced in 1946
a.
was not achieved until 1956.
b.
was abandoned.
c.
was achieved in less than five years.
d.
ended with Stalin’s death in 1953.
e.
succeeded in the production of consumer goods but not in heavy industry.
p. 191
48. The head of the Soviet Union’s secret police after World War II was
a.
Andrei Zhdanov.
b.
Lavrenti Beria.
c.
Vyacheslav Molotov.
d.
Felix Dzerzhinsky.
e.
Georgy Malenkov.
p. 191-192
49. The failure of Soviet Communism was most apparent in the
a.
lack of weapons.
b.
failure of its space program.
c.
breakaway of the Ukraine in 1947.
d.
shortage of consumer goods and housing.
e.
weakness of its leadership by the late 1940’s.
p. 191
Name:
Class:
Date:
50. Stalin’s immediate successor was
a.
Nikita Khrushchev.
b.
Georgy Malenkov.
c.
Leonid Brezhnev.
d.
Lavrenti Beria.
e.
Andrei Sakharov.
p. 192
51. The “new course” promised by Stalin’s successors was to
a.
incorporate West Germany into the German Democratic Republic.
b.
increase military expenditures.
c.
abandon communism and adopt capitalism.
d.
open “virgin lands” in Siberia.
e.
reduce military expenditures and improve the standard of living.
p. 192
52. The “doctor’s plot” demonstrates
a.
Stalin’s willingness to purge even his closest advisors.
b.
the internal conspiracies that sought to overthrow communism.
c.
Western Imperialism within the USSR.
d.
the lack of medical training in the USSR.
e.
the developing literary presence in communist Russia.
p. 192
53. Nikita Khrushchev
a.
was known as “Breadman.”
b.
pursued a “virgin lands” agricultural policy in Soviet Kazakhstan.
c.
allowed the publication of Leo Tolstoy’s War and Peace.
d.
ended the Cold War.
e.
recognized Mao Zedong as the leader of the Communist world.
p. 193
54. At the Twentieth National Congress of the Communist Party in 1956, Khrushchev
Name:
Class:
Date:
a.
criticized major shortcomings of Joseph Stalin.
b.
embraced the New Economic Policy of Vladimir Lenin.
c.
rehabilitated Stalin after Malenkov’s attack on the former Communist leader.
d.
admitted that Mao Zedong was correct in using peasants to further the revolution rather than factory workers
as envisioned by Marx.
e.
announced the building of the Berlin Wall.
1
p. 193
55. Khrushchev fell from power in 1964 for all of the following reasons except for his
a.
policy of abolishing dozens of government ministries which alienated the Soviet official and bureaucratic
classes.
b.
criticism of Mao Zedong and the Chinese Communist Party.
c.
foreign policy failures, such as in the Cuban Missile Crisis.
d.
ambitious agricultural schemes which succeeded too slowly.
e.
personality and his tendency to crack jokes and play the clown.
b
1
p. 193
56. In comparison to Khrushchev, Leonid Brezhnev
a.
was much more experimental in initiating domestic reforms.
b.
was more critical of Joseph Stalin and his legacy.
c.
immediately restored permanent good relations with Communist China.
d.
was more cautious and avoided any changes which could lead to instability.
e.
was willing to compromise with the West, promising to tear down the Berlin Wall.
d
1
p. 193
57. In the Soviet Union prior to the era of Mikhail Gorbachev, cultural freedom, such as it was, was greatest under
a.
Stalin.
b.
Khrushchev.
c.
Brezhnev.
d.
Andropov.
e.
Chernenko.
b
1
p. 193
58. The Soviet ruler who said “readers should be given the chance to make their own judgments,” and that “police
Name:
Class:
Date:
measures shouldn’t be used” was
a.
Georgy Malenkov.
b.
Nikita Khrushchev.
c.
Boris Yeltsin.
d.
Mikhail Gorbachev.
e.
Alexei Kosygin.
p. 193
59. The 1977 Soviet state constitution stated that the Soviet Union
a.
had become a proletarian dictatorship.
b.
was no longer a proletarian dictatorship.
c.
was a multi-cultural and multi-religious society.
d.
had legalized opposition political parties.
e.
had become the Commonwealth of Independent States.
p. 195
60. Pravda and Izvestiya
a.
provided Soviet citizens with honest criticisms of their rulers.
b.
were state controlled and presented only the approved news.
c.
reformed Russians educational system.
d.
competed with each other for readership.
e.
were trusted by everyone in Russia.
p. 195
61. All of the following were characteristic of Soviet society in the 1960s and 1970s except
a.
obvious military weakness.
b.
economic stagnation.
c.
the low quality of most consumer goods.
d.
few incentives to produce and better oneself.
e.
blat for the elite.
p. 195-196
62. The Soviet economy was characterized by
a.
laissez-faire collectivism.
Name:
Class:
Date:
b.
centralized planning.
c.
socialist individualism.
d.
local and regional decision-making.
e.
market-orientated incentives.
b
1
p. 196
63. In the Soviet Union, “on the left” referred to
a.
the correct political and philosophical ideology.
b.
left-handedness as a crime.
c.
the black market.
d.
Communist China.
e.
the Communist states who refused to have any relations with the West.
1
p. 197
64. It is estimated that the percentage of the Soviet economy that operated outside the legal system was
a.
10 percent.
b.
20 percent.
c.
33 percent.
d.
60 percent.
e.
75 percent.
1
p. 197
65. An example of the failures of Soviet technology was illustrated by the nuclear accident at
a.
Chechnya.
b.
Minsk.
c.
Baku.
d.
Helsinki.
e.
Chernobyl.
1
p. 197
66. In the 1980s, the careers of Leonid Brezhnev, Yuri Andropov, and Konstantin Chernenko illustrate the problem of
Soviet
a.
multi-cultural centralism.
b.
gerontocracy.
Name:
Class:
Date:
c.
ideological extremism.
d.
capitalist failure.
e.
de-Stalinization.
1
p. 196-197
67. The Gosplan gave factory managers
a.
monthly and annual quotas.
b.
freedom to hire and fire their workers.
c.
incentives to increase production by distributing extra profits.
d.
suggestions on how to run their factory but not strict rules.
e.
orders to increase consumer goods for export to the West.
p. 197
68. The first indication of unrest in the Soviet satellites of Eastern Europe was in
a.
East Germany in 1953.
b.
Hungary in 1952.
c.
Poland in 1956.
d.
Czechoslovakia in 1958.
e.
Yugoslavia in 1951.
1
p. 198
69. In 1956, popular discontent erupted in
a.
Czechoslovakia and East Germany.
b.
Rumania and Bulgaria.
c.
Yugoslavia and Bosnia.
d.
Hungary and Poland.
e.
Lithuania and Estonia.
d
p. 198
70. “Internal reform, external loyalty” refers to
a.
the promise of Joseph Broz Tito to remain loyal to the Soviet Union in exchange for domestic freedom.
b.
the authorization for Georgy Malenkov to pursue domestic reforms so long as he remained loyal to the legacy
of Joseph Stalin.
c.
the agreement between Poland’s Wladyslaw Gomulka and Nikita Khrushchev which authorized Poland to
Name:
Class:
Date:
allow more religious freedom but remain in the Warsaw Pact.
d.
Gorbachev’s pledge to maintain the supremacy of the Communist party as he pursued glasnost and
perestroika.
e.
the Sino-Soviet pact which allowed Communist China to pursue revolution through the peasants in exchange
for recognizing the international primacy of the Soviet Union.
1
p. 198
71. In his 1955 visit to Yugoslavia, Nikita Khrushchev said that
a.
Joseph Tito was the “butcher of Budapest.”
b.
there were “different roads to socialism.”
c.
there could be “socialism with a human face.”
d.
Yugoslavia was an “evil empire.“
e.
the Soviets would “roll back” Titoism.
b
1
p. 199
72. The Eastern European nation which did not experience a Soviet “thaw” in the 1950s but which revolted against its
hard-line Communist rulers in 1968 was
a.
Czechoslovakia.
b.
East Germany.
c.
Hungary.
d.
Poland.
e.
Yugoslavia.
1
p. 199
73. The Cold War symbol which appeared in 1961 was the
a.
Chernobyl nuclear disaster.
b.
Berlin Wall.
c.
“Prague Spring.”
d.
“Iron Curtain.”
e.
Berlin Blockade.
b
1
p. 199
74. The East German Stasi was
a.
a cheap and inefficient automobile.
Name:
Class:
Date:
b.
the subway system in Berlin through which many escaped to the West.
c.
the nickname of the Communist Party.
d.
the secret police.
e.
the army reserve which guarded the Berlin Wall.
p. 199
75. As part of the Prague Spring,
a.
Alexander Dubcek was elected first secretary of the Communist Party.
b.
the Brezhnev Doctrine failed to work.
c.
Gustav Husak rallied reformers to put a human face on communism.
d.
Czechoslovakia gained independence from East Germany.
e.
the Czech military resisted the Soviet invasion.
p. 199
76. The Soviet author who won the Nobel Prize for Literature but who was not allowed to accept it was
a.
Ilya Ehrenburg.
b.
Boris Pasternak.
c.
Alexander Solzhenitsyn.
d.
Dmitry Shostakovich.
e.
Ivan Denisovich.
p. 201
77. The literary work that portrayed the horrors of Russia’s forced labor camps was
a.
Ilya Ehrenburg’s The Thaw.
b.
Boris Pasternak’s Dr. Zhivago.
c.
Mikhail Sholokhov’s And Quiet Flows the Don.
d.
Alexander Solzhenitsyn’s One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich.
e.
Vyacheslav Molotov’s My Wife’s Imprisonment.
p. 201
78. Under Soviet Marxist control, most Eastern European countries
a.
made the transition from peasant societies to urban industrialized economies.
b.
adopted capitalism.
c.
had no consumer goods.
Name:
Class:
Date:
d.
were forced to adopt Russian as the official language.
e.
entirely isolated from any and all Western influence and contacts.
1
p. 202
79. Charter 77 was formed in 1977 to protest Communist civil rights violations in
a.
Czechoslovakia.
b.
East Germany.
c.
Hungary.
d.
Poland.
e.
Yugoslavia.
1
p. 204
80. The “double shift” refers to
a.
the necessity for factory workers to work longer hours to fulfill the quotas of the five-year plans.
b.
women in communist societies working at their jobs and then again in their homes as housewives and mothers.
c.
the power changes which took place in the Soviet Union after Stalin’s death when Nikita Khrushchev replaced
Georgy Malenkov.
d.
the People’s Republic of China’s replacing the Soviet Union as head of the world-wide communist movement.
e.
the building of the Berlin Wall and then the tearing down of the Wall.
b
1
p. 202
81. An example of glasnost was
a.
Khrushchev’s criticism of Stalin.
b.
the publication of The Gulag Archipelago in the Soviet Union.
c.
the reporting of the nuclear accident at Chernobyl in Pravda.
d.
Brezhnev’s New Economic Policy.
e.
Charter 77.
1
p. 203
82. The first president of the Soviet Union was
a.
Vladimir Lenin.
b.
Joseph Stalin.
c.
Nikita Khrushchev.
d.
Mikhail Gorbachev.
Name:
Class:
Date:
e.
Boris Yeltsin.
d
1
p. 203
83. One of the reforms instituted by Mikhail Gorbachev was to
a.
tear down the Berlin Wall.
b.
encourage the secession of Lithuania from the Soviet Union.
c.
restore the Soviet alliance with the People’s Republic of China.
d.
abandon communism and embrace capitalism.
e.
legalize the formation of opposition political parties.
1
p. 203
84. The independent labor movement that emerged in Poland in the early 1980s was called
a.
Charter 77.
b.
Identity.
c.
Solidarity.
d.
the Civic Forum.
e.
the Stasi.
1
p. 204
85. The head of the Polish Solidarity labor movement in the early 1980s was
a.
Wojciech Jaruzelski.
b.
Edward Gierek.
c.
Tadeusz Mazowiecki.
d.
Lech Walesa.
e.
Wladyslaw Gomulka.
d
1
p. 204
86. The most far-reaching economic reforms in Eastern Europe satellite states during the 1970s and 1980s were in
a.
Poland.
b.
Hungary.
c.
Czechoslovakia.
d.
East Germany.
e.
Romania.
b
Name:
Class:
Date:
87. In 1989, the most dramatic event in the ending of the Cold War was the
a.
rebellion in Chechnya.
b.
overthrow of Mikhail Gorbachev by Boris Yeltsin.
c.
nuclear accident at Chernobyl in the Ukraine.
d.
fall of the Berlin Wall.
e.
election of Vaclav Havel as president of Poland.
p. 204
88. The Czech playwright that helped remove the communist government in 1989 was
a.
Imre Nagy.
b.
Vaclav Havel.
c.
Matyas Rakosi.
d.
Janos Kadar.
e.
Ilya Ehrenburg.
p. 204
89. Gorbachev’s reforms and initiatives included all except
a.
perestroika and glasnost.
b.
the open reporting of government and other official corruption.
c.
legalizing the formation of other political parties.
d.
urging the breakup of the Soviet Union and the creation of a more federal political structure.
e.
becoming the first president of the Soviet Union.
p. 204
90. The first president of the Russian Republic was
a.
Mikhail Gorbachev.
b.
Boris Yeltsin.
c.
Vladimir Putin.
d.
Alexander Ledbed.
e.
Andrei Sakharov.
p. 204
p. 204
Name:
Class:
Date:
91. Boris Yeltsin
a.
was committed to introducing a free market economy to Russia.
b.
believed that a socialist but non-communist system would work best for Russia.
c.
attempted to reconquer the Ukraine but failed.
d.
supported the coup against Mikhail Gorbachev.
e.
died in office as the result of alcoholism.
1
p. 206
92. During the last half of the 1990s, Russia was engaged in a brutal war in
a.
Armenia.
b.
Azerbaijan.
c.
Chechnya.
d.
Georgia.
e.
Moldavia.
1
p. 206
93. The expression which best describes the economic system of post-Soviet Union Russia is
a.
“socialism with a human face.”
b.
“criminal gang capitalism.”
c.
the “double shift.“
d.
“laissez-faire socialism.”
e.
“on the left.”
b
1
p. 206
94. Since becoming president of Russia in 1999, Vladimir Putin has accomplished all of the following except
a.
centralized power in the hands of the government.
b.
introduced market reforms and strengthened capitalism.
c.
improved relations with China.
d.
increased economic cooperation with the former Soviet republics of Belarus and Ukraine.
e.
by opposing the expansion of NATO, he has restored Russia’s position as an international force.
b
1
p. 206
95. Putin attempted to extend Russian power by strengthening ties with these two adversaries of the United States, and
Name:
Class:
Date:
caused some to fear a new Cold War.
a.
Iran and Venezuela.
b.
China and Vietnam.
c.
Iran and Iraq.
d.
Libya and Mexico.
e.
Venezuela and Cuba.
1
p. 207
96. In 2005, Russian President Putin stated that the breakup of the Soviet Union
a.
was a national tragedy.
b.
freed millions from Communist oppression.
c.
saved Russia from economic doom.
d.
was the most glorious event in Russian history.
e.
marked a new beginning of Russian success.
1
p. 207
97. The text suggests that the primary explanation for the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union was
a.
exclusively because of failures within the Soviet Union, especially in its command economy.
b.
entirely the result of the arms race initiated by President Ronald Reagan which bankrupted the Soviet Union.
c.
mainly the result of failures within Soviet society but it was also influenced by Reagan’s arms race policy.
d.
environmental disasters in Central Asia and Siberia.
e.
the weak leadership of President Boris Yeltsin.
1
p. 208
98. Soviet losses were so great in World War II that it proved to be impossible to restore the Soviet Union’s industrial or
military capacity in the immediate post-war years.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
p. 190-191
99. Nikita Khrushchev was probably best known for his policy of destalinization.
a.
True
b.
False
True
Name:
Class:
Date:
100. In comparison to the era of Khrushchev, the Brezhnev year saw great free expression and an increased tolerance of
Soviet dissenters.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
p. 194
101. The Olympics and Olympic victory was very important in USSR and could gain victors special treatment.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
p. 195
102. Following its promises to “roll back” communism, in 1956 the Eisenhower administration provided military and
economic assistance to Hungarian rebels in their successful uprising against Soviet troops.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
p. 199
103. In 1969, Alexander Dubcek led a successful anti-communist uprising in Czechoslovakia and the permanent expulsion
of Soviet bloc military forces.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
p. 199
104. In the Soviet Union and in its satellite states of Eastern Europe, spectator sports during the Cold War years were not
only a large industry but also highly politicized.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
p. 201
105. Although living standards in the Soviet bloc lagged far behind the West, there was considerable improvement in
educational opportunity and social mobility in the East.
1
p. 193
Name:
Class:
Date:
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
p. 201
106. Gorbachev’s policies of perestroika and glasnost were partially inspired by his trip to Canada in 1983, when, after
observing the agricultural accomplishments of Canadian farmers, he commented “We’ll never have this for fifty years.”
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
p. 203
107. In the economically chaotic and corrupt 1990s, Russians jokingly said “We know now that everything they [former
Soviet officials] told us about communism was false. And everything they told us about capitalism was true.”
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
p. 206
108. According to the textbook, the best explanation for the end of the Cold War was the success of American military
resistance.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
p. 208