True / False
1. It is impossible to conduct a controlled experiment to study the effectiveness of certain types of police patrol.
a.
True
b.
False
2. Data on what occurs when an officer encounters a citizen— when the officer is either on an assignment from the
dispatcher or on self-initiated activities—can best be retrieved from researcher observations.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Police Work
based policing, predictive policing, and smart policing
Bloom’s: Remembering
3. The Kansas City study demonstrated that adding or taking away police patrols from an area made no difference within
the community.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Traditional Methods of Police Work
the Kansas City study revealed about their effectiveness
Bloom’s: Remembering
4. At the conclusion of the Kansas City study, everyone in the community knew that an experiment regarding policing had
been conducted in his or her community.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
Traditional Methods of Police Work
the Kansas City study revealed about their effectiveness
Bloom’s: Remembering
5. The Kansas City study indicated that our traditional three cornerstones of policing might not be the most effective way
to do police work.
a.
True
False
Traditional Methods of Police Work
based policing, predictive policing, and smart policing
Bloom’s: Remembering
b.
False
6. Research during the past 20 years has pointed out that we can depend on television portrayals for realistic examples of
police work.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
7. Rapid response to 911 calls works better in discovery crimes than in involvement crimes.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
8. A specific type of saturation patrol is a crackdown, which generally targets a specific violation of the law, such as a
traffic violation.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
9. The Newark foot patrol study concluded that foot patrols do not make citizens feel safer.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
True
1
10. Police departments are restricting the use of pursuits and using alternative methods to catch the individuals who
attempt to elude police officers.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
11. Typically, the larger urban departments such as New York; Chicago, Washington; D.C.; and Los Angeles have
deployed two-officer cars, and most suburban and rural departments prefer one-officer cars.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
crime
12. According to research, red-light cameras that target traffic violators seem to reduce the occurrence of traffic violations
at that location.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
13. Police officers are never allowed to use potentially deadly force (e.g., ramming a vehicle) to end a high-speed chase of
a suspect, even if the suspect’s actions risk the safety of other drivers and pedestrians.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
14. Decoy operations involve using occupied vehicles in strategic locations to give the perception of omnipresence.
a.
True
b.
False
15. Predictive policing involves linking data and clues to potential suspects or victims by identify at-risk groups,
individuals, and locations.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
crime
16. The premise of smart policing is that agencies themselves are in the best position to know their specific crime
problems.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
crime
17. Distracted drivers are able to multi-task effectively while driving.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
18. According to Jonathan Adkins, the next big issue in highway safety is speed enforcement.
a.
True
b.
False
False
1
False
1
19. One of the newest forms of aggressive driving known to post a public safety threat is motorcycle swarms.
a.
True
b.
False
True
1
Police Traffic Operations
distracted, drunk, and aggressive drivers, and the debate surrounding police pursuits
Bloom’s: Remembering
Multiple Choice
20. Which of the following is not one of the three traditional ways we do police work in the United States?
a.
retroactive investigation of past crimes by detectives
b.
random routine patrol
c.
proactive investigations
d.
rapid response to calls by citizens to 911
c
1
Traditional Methods of Police Work
the Kansas City study revealed about their effectiveness
Bloom’s: Remembering
21. In effect, the Kansas City study failed to demonstrate that adding or taking away police patrols from an area made any
difference within the:
a.
b.
control group.
c.
d.
experimental group.
a
1
Traditional Methods of Police Work
based policing, predictive policing, and smart policing
Bloom’s: Remembering
22. Random patrol is commonly believed by police administration to create a sense of:
a.
semipresence.
b.
omnipresence.
c.
nonpresence.
d.
none of these choices.
b
1
Traditional Methods of Police Work
Police Traffic Operations
distracted, drunk, and aggressive drivers, and the debate surrounding police pursuits
Bloom’s: Remembering
23. The Kansas City study occurred in the:
a.
1960s.
b.
1970s.
c.
1980s.
d.
1950s.
b
1
Traditional Methods of Police Work
based policing, predictive policing, and smart policing
Bloom’s: Remembering
24. Which of the following was not one of the beats established in the Kansas City study?
a.
reactive
b.
proactive
c.
control group
d.
variable testing group
d
1
Traditional Methods of Police Work
based policing, predictive policing, and smart policing
Bloom’s: Remembering
25. In the proactive group in the Kansas City study, the police presence was:
a.
doubled or tripled
b.
eliminated
c.
reduced
d.
increased 10 times
a
1
Traditional Methods of Police Work
based policing, predictive policing, and smart policing
Bloom’s: Remembering
26. Which of the following is not one of the goals of patrol as defined by Gay, Schell, and Schack?
a.
increased traffic citations
b.
providing sense of community security
c.
crime prevention and deterrence
d.
recovery of stolen property
a
1
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Police Work
distracted, drunk, and aggressive drivers, and the debate surrounding police pursuits
Bloom’s: Remembering
27. Which of the following is a functional category of routine patrol as defined by Gay, Schell, and Schack?
a.
calls for service
b.
preventative patrol
the Kansas City study revealed about their effectiveness
Bloom’s: Remembering
c.
administrative tasks
d.
all of these choices
28. Which of the following is not one of the basic components of response time?
a.
time between the crime and the call to the police
b.
time required for the police to process the call
c.
travel time from receipt of the call to arrival at the scene
d.
time it takes for the perpetrator to flee the scene
d
1
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Police Work
based policing, predictive policing, and smart policing
Bloom’s: Remembering
29. Academic studies regarding response time indicate that:
a.
citizens generally cannot or do not report crimes immediately
b.
the perpetrator will be caught if the police arrive within two minutes of the call
c.
the perpetrator will be caught if the police arrive within five minutes of the call
d.
rapid response is most important in discovery crimes
a
1
Police Patrol Operations
deploy personnel on patrol
Bloom’s: Remembering
30. A ____________________ system allows nonemergency calls to be redirected or referred to other agencies.
a.
311
b.
411
c.
511
d.
611
a
1
Patrol Innovations: Working Smarter
deploy personnel on patrol
Bloom’s: Remembering
31. ____________________ is/are the most expensive part of a police department’s budget.
a.
Fuel costs
b.
Equipment
c.
Personnel
d.
Liability insurance
c
1
d
1
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Police Work
based policing, predictive policing, and smart policing
32. Most departments utilize:
a.
a take-home car program
b.
person-owned vehicles (POVs)
c.
fleet vehicles
d.
preowned vehicles
c
1
Personnel Deployment
deploy personnel on patrol
Bloom’s: Remembering
33. Agencies that cover a large geographical area, such as sheriff’s departments and state patrols, utilize:
a.
a take-home car program
b.
person-owned vehicles (POVs)
c.
fleet vehicles
d.
preowned vehicles
a
1
Personnel Deployment
deploy personnel on patrol
Bloom’s: Remembering
34. The most important and visible part of police work to the public is/are ____________________.
a.
detective operations
b.
public appearances by the police chief
c.
patrol
d.
crime prevention
c
1
Traditional Methods of Police Work
deploy personnel on patrol
35. Which of the following does not describe the typical police pursuit, as studied by the California Highway Patrol?
a.
It occurs during the day.
b.
It starts as a traffic violation.
c.
It ends without an accident 70 percent of the time.
d.
It covers only a mile or so.
a
1
Alternative Strategies
distracted, drunk, and aggressive drivers, and the debate surrounding police pursuits
Bloom’s: Remembering
Patrol Innovations: Working Smarter
deploy personnel on patrol
Bloom’s: Remembering
36. The police department’s generalist is the:
a.
detective
b.
patrol officer
c.
sergeant
d.
chief
37. According to the California Highway Patrol study, the most prevalent reason drivers fail to stop during a high-speed
pursuit is:
a.
the driver is in a stolen vehicle
b.
the driver wants to avoid a DWI or drug arrest
c.
the driver wants to avoid a traffic ticket
d.
the driver is afraid of or dislikes the police or enjoys the excitement of a chase
d
1
Alternative Strategies
distracted, drunk, and aggressive drivers, and the debate surrounding police pursuits
Bloom’s: Remembering
38. In 2003, nearly all police departments had pursuit policies, and ____________________ percent of local police
agencies had restrictive pursuit policies.
a.
12
b.
16
c.
37
d.
61
d
1
Alternative Strategies
distracted, drunk, and aggressive drivers, and the debate surrounding police pursuits
Bloom’s: Remembering
39. One of the authors of the classic text Police Administration was:
a.
George Herman Ruth
b.
Patrick V. Murphy
c.
O. W. Wilson
d.
James Q. Wilson
c
1
Traditional Methods of Police Work
deploy personnel on patrol
Bloom’s: Remembering
40. Who coined the term omnipresence?
a.
James J. Fyfe
b.
O. W. Wilson
b
1
Traditional Methods of Police Work
the Kansas City study revealed about their effectiveness
Bloom’s: Remembering
c.
Patrick V. Murphy
d.
James Q. Murphy
41. The states of New York and Connecticut modeled a distracted driver campaign after the “Click It or Ticket” seat belt
campaign. The slogan for the distracted driver campaign was:
a.
“Text Today—Jail Tomorrow”
b.
“TWD = Ticket”
c.
“Phone in one hand. Ticket in the other.”
d.
“Drive—Pull over—Text”
1
Alternative Strategies
distracted, drunk, and aggressive drivers, and the debate surrounding police pursuits
Bloom’s: Remembering
42. Who is the author of the classic Varieties of Police Behavior: The Management of Law and Order in Eight
Communities?
a.
James Q. Wilson
b.
June Nelson
c.
Anthony Bouza
d.
Ernest Verdeschi
1
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Police Work
deploy personnel on patrol
Bloom’s: Remembering
43. The calls radioed to patrol officers, or assignments given to police patrol units by 911 dispatchers, reveal the types of
problems for which people call the police and the types of problems:
a.
the police feel deserve a response by patrol units
b.
that are important to administration
c.
encountered by citizens daily
d.
that the local government wants handled
1
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Police Work
based policing, predictive policing, and smart policing
44. Which of the following are the two major methods of patrol deployment?
a.
motorized patrol and foot patrol
b
1
Traditional Methods of Police Work
the Kansas City study revealed about their effectiveness
b.
crime patrol and bicycle patrol
c.
bicycle patrol and motorized patrol
d.
bicycle patrol and foot patrol
45. During what decade was the efficiency of foot patrols challenged?
a.
1960s
b.
1970s
c.
1980s
d.
1990s
1
Rapid Response to Citizens’ 911 Calls
deploy personnel on patrol
Bloom’s: Remembering
46. During what decade did the foot patrol return to policing?
a.
1960s
b.
1970s
c.
1980s
d.
1990s
1
Rapid Response to Citizens’ 911 Calls
INPO.DEMP.16.09.03 – Discuss the issues and perspectives behind decisions on how to
deploy personnel on patrol
Bloom’s: Remembering
47. When researchers examined the reinstitution of foot patrol in Newark and Flint, they arrived at the conclusion that
when foot patrol is added in neighborhoods:
a.
levels of fear decrease significantly
b.
levels of fear increase significantly
c.
levels of fear remain the same
d.
the police who patrol on foot have less job satisfaction, more fear, and lower morale than do officers who
patrol in automobiles
1
Rapid Response to Citizens’ 911 Calls
INPO.DEMP.16.09.03 – Discuss the issues and perspectives behind decisions on how to
deploy personnel on patrol
Bloom’s: Remembering
48. A thorough study conducted in Newark regarding foot patrols concluded that adding foot patrol:
a.
increased crime
b.
decreased crime
1
Random Routine Patrol: The Kansas City Study
INPO.DEMP.16.09.03 – Discuss the issues and perspectives behind decisions on how to
deploy personnel on patrol
Bloom’s: Remembering
c.
had no effect on crime
d.
decreased crime when foot patrol was added only in the business district
49. Officers who patrol specific locations at specific times to address a specific crime problem are called
____________________ patrol.
a.
split-force
b.
task force
c.
routine
d.
directed
d
1
Rapid Response to Citizens’ 911 Calls
based policing, predictive policing, and smart policing
Bloom’s: Remembering
50. ____________________ patrol is a solution to the problem of directed patrol units often getting interrupted by calls
for service, which can affect the performance of their assignments.
a.
Routine
b.
Task force
c.
Split-force
d.
Foot
c
1
Rapid Response to Citizens’ 911 Calls
based policing, predictive policing, and smart policing
Bloom’s: Remembering
51. A successful example of a directed patrol program that achieved positive results was the ____________________ gun
experiment.
a.
Kansas City
b.
Los Angeles
c.
Houston
d.
Detroit
a
1
Rapid Response to Citizens’ 911 Calls
based policing, predictive policing, and smart policing
Bloom’s: Remembering
52. In differential response to calls for service, responses to citizens’ calls to 911 are matched to the type and
____________________ of the calls.
a.
severity
b.
location
c.
numerical order
d.
time of day
a
c
1
Rapid Response to Citizens’ 911 Calls
Bloom’s: Remembering
53. Departments that ____________________ may benefit most from differential response.
a.
suffer from financial difficulties that make it hard to hire more officers
b.
have more than 100 officers
c.
have fewer than 50 officers
d.
are located in rural areas with few officers to cover a large amount of territory
1
Patrol Operations: Working Smarter
deploy personnel on patrol
Bloom’s: Remembering
54. The aggressive saturation patrol operation in Washington, D.C., run by Chief Cathy Lanier is called:
a.
Operation ICE
b.
Operation Delta
c.
Operation Alpha
d.
All Hands on Deck
d
1
Personnel Deployment
deploy personnel on patrol
Bloom’s: Remembering
55. What agency is usually held up as a model for dealing with the mentally ill, due to its combined CIT and co-responder
program?
a.
Seattle Police Department
b.
San Francisco Police Department
c.
Houston Police Department
d.
Charleston Police Department
1
Alternative Strategies
based policing, predictive policing, and smart policing
Bloom’s: Remembering
56. The classic study of random routine patrol was the __________ study.
Kansas City
1
Traditional Methods of Police Work
1
Rapid Response to Citizens’ 911 Calls
based policing, predictive policing, and smart policing
Bloom’s: Remembering
57. We will always need some type of rapid police response to citizens’ calls to 911, even though we have to realize that a
__________ response is highly unrealistic.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Police Work
deploy personnel on patrol
Bloom’s: Remembering
58. The two basic kinds of tactical operations are __________patrol tactics and __________patrol.
aggressive; saturation
Personnel Deployment
deploy personnel on patrol
Bloom’s: Remembering
59. __________ is a method of deploying police officers that gives them responsibility for all policing activity by
requiring them to walk around a defined geographic area.
Foot patrol
Traditional Methods of Police Work
deploy personnel on patrol
Bloom’s: Remembering
60. __________ is the backbone of policing.
Traditional Methods of Police Work
the Kansas City study revealed about their effectiveness
Bloom’s: Remembering
61. Prior to the 1970s, much of what we knew about police patrol was written by __________.
Police Patrol Operations
the Kansas City study revealed about their effectiveness
Bloom’s: Remembering
62. A method in which the patrol force is split and half respond to calls for service and the other half performs directed
patrol activities is called __________ patrol.
the Kansas City study revealed about their effectiveness
Bloom’s: Remembering
63. Police special weapons and tactical teams are popularly known as __________.
64. Using available scientific research to implement crime-fighting strategies and department policies is called
__________ policing.
65. The impression of always being there is called __________.
66. The__________ telephone system allows police departments to call citizens in the entire jurisdiction or in a particular
neighborhood to disseminate emergency information to residents.
67. Smart911 allows individuals to voluntarily _____________ their phone numbers and enter associated personal,
medical, and disability information into a secure website.
68. _______________ is a new and dangerous prank that has become more prevalent in recent years.
69. Why do citizens seem to want more police officers on foot patrol rather than in police cars?
70. What are the three traditional methods that have been used to do police work in the United States? What are some of
the reasons that the effectiveness of these methods began to be questioned?
71. Describe the Kansas City study. What was the major value of the study?
72. Explain what the academic studies regarding police patrol revealed about what the police do while on patrol.
73. Discuss the value of evidence-based policing.
74. Explain how the introduction of automobiles in police work affected police–community relations.
75. Identify and describe some alternative responses to crime that law enforcement can use rather than rapid response to
calls.
76. Explain how directed patrol differs from the traditional random patrol.
77. Explain what the research says about police pursuits and how law enforcement is responding to this information.
78. Discuss some of the issues that should be examined when deciding how to schedule personnel in road patrol.
79. Discuss the issues involved in deploying one-officer patrol cars versus two-officer patrol cars.
80. Discuss the advent of police paramilitary units (PPUs) and their effect on police work and the public perception of
police.
81. Are random patrol, rapid response to citizens’ calls to 911, and retroactive investigations of past crimes – the
cornerstones of traditional police work – truly the most effective ways for the police to safeguard our
communities? Explain your answer.