Hall: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 12th Edition
Chapter 81: Female Physiology Before Pregnancy and Female Hormones
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1. The cells of the follicle that are capable of producing androgens for conversion of
androgens to estrogens are:
A. Cytotrophoblasts
B. Syntiotrophoblasts
C. Granulosa
D. Thecal
2. The hormones produced by the corpus luteum include:
A. GnRH
B. FSH
C. LH
D. Progesterone
3. Along with estrogen, the hormone that is responsible for relaxing the pelvic ligament to
increase softening and effacement of the cervix is:
A. Progesterone
B. Relaxin
C. Inhibin
D. Activin
4. The process which stimulates prolactin to be released by the anterior pituitary during
lactation is:
A. Suckling of the baby
B. Vitamins C and D
C. Release of oxytocin
D. Release of progesterone
5. In the developing follicle, the cells that are closest to the ovum are the:
A. Cytotrophoblasts
B. Syntiotrophoblasts
C. Blastocysts
D. Granulosa
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6. The cells responsible for invasion of the decidua and spiral arteries are:
A. Cytotrophoblasts
B. Syntiotrophoblasts
C. Blastocysts
D. Granulosa
7. In the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis of the female, what is the follicular cell type
that produces inhibin:
A. Cytotrophoblasts
B. Syntiotrophoblasts
C. Granulosa
D. Thecal
8. The hormones most responsible for the LH surge and ovulation in a normal woman are:
A. Estradiol and progesterone
B. Activin and inhibin
C. GnRH and inhibin
D. Estradiol and GnRH
9. At what time is the second meiotic division of oogenesis completed in the human female?
A. Prior to birth
B. Upon ovulation
C. Upon fertilization
D. After menopause
10. On day 21 of the female reproductive cycle, how do the following hormones change?
Estradiol Progesterone FSH LH Activin Inhibin
A.
B.
C.
D.
11. How are the reproductive hormones changed in postmenopausal women?
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Estradiol Progesterone FSH LH Inhibin
A.
B.
C.
D.
12. Polycystic ovary syndrome is always characterized by which of the following:
A. High blood pressue
B. Hyperinsulinemia
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Hyperandrogenism
13. The consequence of chronic gonadotropin-releasing hormone treatment in women is:
A. Lack of ovulation
B. Ovulation
C. Inhibition of aromatase
D. Inhibition of 5-alpha-reductase