Chapter 8 – The United States, Canada, and Latin America
90. One of the causes of the economic failures in Latin America during the 1970s and early 1980s was
its commitment to free trade and no tariffs.
the failure of a number of governments to pay interest on their debts to foreign banks.
the widespread adoption of Marxist methodologies.
the lack of a foreign debt.
the exodus of the urban population back to the rural countryside.
91. “Liberation theology”
put spiritual matters over worldly concerns.
was strongly supported by the Catholic Church’s hierarchy.
argued that Christians could use violence if necessary to free society’s oppressed poor.
had little impact in Latin America but became popular in the United States.
was a secular movement with no religious roots.
92. The Organization of American States (OAS), established in 1948, promised to
fight communism in the Americas.
end rural poverty through land reform programs.
eliminate urban and industrial pollution.
institute democracy in all the member nations.
end unilateral action in one state by another.
93. The Alliance for Progress
ended most poverty in Latin America.
was praised by Cuba’s Fidel Castro.
was begun Mexico’s Lazaro Cardenas and the PRI.
failed to transform Latin America, either socially or economically.
was condemned by the OAS.
94. Under the leadership of Juan Peron, Argentina
encouraged foreign investment.