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Test Bank General Chemistry, 10th edition 15
50. Which of the following orbital diagrams represents a paramagnetic atom?
1s 2s 2p
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
51. Which of the following atoms is paramagnetic in its ground state?
A)
tin (Sn)
B)
barium (ba)
C)
cadmium (Cd)
D)
ytterbium (Yb)
E)
argon (Ar)
52. Who was the first chemist to recognize patterns in chemical properties of the elements?
A)
Bohr
B)
Dobereiner
C)
Meyer
D)
Mendeleev
E)
Newlands
53. Which of the following statements concerning the periodic table is incorrect?
A)
The elements in a given group or family have similar chemical properties.
B)
The chemical characteristics of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic
numbers.
C)
All the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic weight.
D)
Mendeleev left spaces in his periodic table for undiscovered elements.
E)
Mendeleev received most of the credit for the early development of the periodic
table.
Test Bank General Chemistry, 10th edition 16
54. Which of the following species would be expected to have chemical properties most similar
to those of the nitrogen atom?
A)
nitride ion
B)
nitrite ion
C)
phosphate ion
D)
phosphide ion
E)
phosphorus atom
55. Which of the following elements would be expected to have chemical and physical
properties most similar to those of the bromine (Br)?
A)
chlorine (Cl)
B)
neon (Ne)
C)
gallium (Ga)
D)
calcium (Ca)
E)
lead (Pb)
56. When arranged in order of increasing atomic number, the elements exhibit periodicity for all
the following properties except
A)
electron affinity.
B)
color.
C)
ionization energy.
D)
electron configuration.
E)
atomic radius.
57. In general, atomic radii
A)
decrease from left to right in a period and increase down a group.
B)
increase from left to right in a period and decrease down a group.
C)
do not change across a period or a group.
D)
decrease from left to right and decrease down a group.
E)
increase from left to right in a period and increase down a group.
58. Which of the following statements is true?
A)
The krypton 1s orbital is smaller than the helium 1s orbital because krypton's
nuclear charge draws the electrons closer.
B)
The krypton 1s orbital is smaller than the helium 1s orbital because krypton's p and
d orbitals crowd the s orbitals.
C)
The krypton 1s orbital and the helium 1s orbital are the same size because both s
orbitals can have only two electrons.
D)
The krypton 1s orbital is larger than the helium 1s orbital because krypton contains
more electrons.
E)
The krypton 1s orbital is larger than the helium 1s orbital because krypton's
ionization energy is lower so it's easier to remove electrons.
59. A section of the periodic table with all identification features removed is shown below.
V
W
X
Y
Z
Which element has the smallest atomic radius?
A)
W
B)
Y
C)
X
D)
Z
E)
V
60. An atom of which of the following elements has the smallest atomic radius?
A)
Sb
B)
I
C)
Te
D)
Rb
E)
Sn
61. An atom of which of the following elements has the largest atomic radius?
A)
Cl
B)
P
C)
Na
D)
S
E)
Si
62. An atom of which of the following elements has the smallest atomic radius?
A)
At
B)
F
C)
I
D)
Br
E)
Cl
63. An atom of which of the following elements has the largest atomic radius?
A)
As
B)
Sb
C)
P
D)
Bi
E)
N
64. An atom of which of the following elements has the smallest atomic radius?
A)
Cl
B)
Rb
C)
Ca
D)
Si
E)
As
Test Bank General Chemistry, 10th edition 19
65. An atom of which of the following elements has the largest atomic radius?
A)
Ge
B)
K
C)
Cl
D)
Ca
E)
As
66. In which of the series of elements listed below would the elements have most nearly the
same atomic radius?
A)
Na, K, Rb, Cs
B)
F, Cl, Br, I
C)
Na, Mg, Al, Si
D)
Sc, Ti, V, Cr
E)
B, Si, As, Te
67. Rank the following atoms in order of the largest to smallest atomic radius: Al, P, Cl, K.
A)
K > Al > P > Cl
B)
Al > K > P > Cl
C)
P > Al > K > Cl
D)
Al > P > Cl > K
E)
K > P > Al > Cl
68. Below are data on the first four ionization energies for a fictitious element X.
First ionization energy = 500 kJ/mol
Second ionization energy = 2000 kJ/mol
Third ionization energy = 3500 kJ/mol
Fourth ionization energy = 25000 kJ/mol
From the data, which of the following statements is incorrect?
A)
The third ionization energy is greater than the second ionization energy because
X2+ has a bigger charge than X+.
B)
X could belong to Group IIIA.
C)
X could belong to Group IIIB.
D)
X could belong to group VA.
E)
The fourth ionization energy is much greater than the third ionization energy
because X3+ consists of a noble-gas core or a pseudo-noble-gas core.
69. Which of the following properties, in general, increases from left to right across a period in
the periodic table?
A)
ionic charge
B)
atomic radius
C)
density
D)
ionization energy
E)
metallic character
70. The statement that the first ionization energy for an oxygen atom is lower than the first
ionization energy for a nitrogen atom is
A)
inconsistent with the general trend relating changes in ionization energy across a
period from left to right and due to the fact that oxygen has one doubly occupied
2p orbital and nitrogen does not.
B)
consistent with the general trend relating changes in ionization energy across a
period from left to right because it is harder to take an electron from an oxygen
atom than from a nitrogen atom.
C)
consistent with the general trend relating changes in ionization energy across a
period from left to right because it is easier to take an electron from an oxygen
atom than from a nitrogen atom.
D)
incorrect.
E)
inconsistent with the general trend relating changes in ionization energy across a
period from left to right and due to the fact that the oxygen atom has two doubly
occupied 2p orbitals and nitrogen has only one.
Test Bank General Chemistry, 10th edition 21
71. The change in energy for which of the following processes corresponds to the first
ionization energy of calcium?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
72. The change in energy for which of the following processes represents the first ionization
energy of bromine?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
73. The change in energy for which of the following processes corresponds to the second
ionization energy of barium?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
74. An atom of which of the following elements has the highest fourth ionization energy?
A)
Al
B)
Se
C)
Si
D)
Ga
E)
As
Test Bank General Chemistry, 10th edition 22
75. An atom of which of the following elements has the smallest ionization energy?
A)
I
B)
Sb
C)
Sn
D)
Rb
E)
Te
76. An atom of which of the following elements has the largest ionization energy?
A)
Te
B)
Sn
C)
Sb
D)
I
E)
Rb
77. An atom of which of the following elements has the smallest first ionization energy?
A)
Sn
B)
Pb
C)
Ge
D)
C
E)
Si
78. An atom of which of the following elements has the largest first ionization energy?
A)
N
B)
Sb
C)
As
D)
P
E)
Bi
Test Bank General Chemistry, 10th edition 23
79. An atom of which of the following elements has the smallest first ionization energy?
A)
Rb
B)
Si
C)
F
D)
As
E)
Ca
80. An atom of which of the following elements has the largest first ionization energy?
A)
Ca
B)
Rb
C)
Ge
D)
Cl
E)
P
81. An atom of which of the following elements has the largest second ionization energy?
A)
Na
B)
Cl
C)
S
D)
Si
E)
Mg
82. Which of the following ground-state electron configurations corresponds to an atom having
the largest ionization energy?
A)
[Ar]3d104s24p3
B)
[Ne]3s23p3
C)
[Ne]3s23p2
D)
[Kr]4d105s25p3
E)
[Xe]4f145d106s26p3
Test Bank General Chemistry, 10th edition 24
83. Rank the following ions in order of increasing first ionization energy: O2–, Mg2+, F–, Na+.
A)
Mg2+ < Na+ < F– < O2–
B)
Mg2+ < O2– < Na+ < F–
C)
O2– < F– < Mg2+ < Na+
D)
O2– < F– < Na+ < Mg2+
E)
O2– < Mg2+ < F– < Na+
84. The electron affinity value expected for the process would be
A)
a small negative number.
B)
a large positive number.
C)
a small positive number.
D)
a large negative number.
E)
zero.
85. The change in energy for which of the following processes corresponds to the electron
affinity of iodine?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
86. Which of the following statements is true about the ionization energy of Mg+?
A)
It will be equal to and opposite in sign to the electron affinity of Mg+.
B)
It will be equal to and opposite in sign to the electron affinity of Mg.
C)
It will be equal to and opposite in sign to the electron affinity of Mg2+.
D)
It will be equal to the ionization energy of Li.
E)
none of the above
Test Bank General Chemistry, 10th edition 25
87. An atom of which of the following elements has the most negative electron affinity?
A)
Rb
B)
As
C)
Cl
D)
Br
E)
Se
88. According to the general trend in electron affinities, which group (or family) of elements
tend to form the most stable anions in the gas phase?
A)
noble gases
B)
halogens
C)
transition metals
D)
alkaline earth metals
E)
alkali metals
89. Which of the following forms the most stable anion in the gas phase?
A)
Br (electron affinity = -325 kJ/mol)
B)
I (electron affinity = -295 kJ/mol)
C)
Te (electron affinity = -190 kJ/mol)
D)
C (electron affinity = -122 kJ/mol)
E)
As (electron affinity = -77 kJ/mol)
90. Which of the following ground-state electron configurations corresponds to an atom that has
the most negative value of the electron affinity?
A)
1s22s22p63s1
B)
1s22s22p63s23p5
C)
1s22s22p63s23p2
D)
1s22s22p63s23p63d54s2
E)
1s22s22p6
Test Bank General Chemistry, 10th edition 26
91. Which of the following statements is true concerning a concentrated solution of lithium
oxide in water?
A)
The resulting solution is strongly basic.
B)
The resulting solution is weakly acidic.
C)
The resulting solution is neither acidic nor basic.
D)
The resulting solution is weakly basic.
E)
The resulting solution is strongly acidic.
92. Which of the following are incorrectly paired?
A)
Group IIA, alkaline earth metals
B)
Group IA, alkali metals
C)
Group VIIIA, noble gases
D)
Group IVA, halogens
E)
Group VIA, chalcogens
93. Sodium and potassium have similar chemical and physical properties. This is best explained
by the fact that both elements
A)
have the same ground-state valence-electron configuration.
B)
have low relative atomic masses.
C)
are in Period 1 of the periodic table.
D)
have relatively low first ionization energies.
E)
are active metals.
94. Which element forms the most acidic oxide?
A)
B
B)
Tl
C)
Al
D)
In
E)
Ga
95. A few atoms of the new element 113 were created in 2004 by a team of Russian and
American scientists. It has been given the temporary name "ununtrium" and the temporary
symbol "Uut." Based on ununtrium's position on the periodic table, what type of oxide(s)
should it form?
A)
Ununtrium should form a basic oxide with the formula Uut2O3.
B)
Ununtrium should form an amphoteric oxide with the formula UutO.
C)
Ununtrium should form an acidic oxide with the formula Uut2O3.
D)
Ununtrium should form two acidic oxides having the formulas Uut2O and Uut2O3.
E)
Ununtrium should form two basic oxides having the formulas Uut2O and Uut2O3.
96. The element antimony is in the same group as phosphorus. Which of the following is the
formula of antimonous acid?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
97. The element selenium is in the same group as sulfur. Which of the following is the formula
of selenous acid?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
98. An unknown element, X, reacts with oxygen to form two oxides with the general formula
X2O3 and X2O5. The pure element is strongly paramagnetic, and the oxides are amphoteric.
Which of the following elements could be represented by X?
A)
Sc
B)
Na
C)
Bi
D)
S
E)
Sb
