Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, identify each type of synovial joint by name.
53)
Joint 3.
53)
54)
Turning the foot medially at the ankle would be called ________.
54)
Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, identify each type of synovial joint by name.
55)
Joint 5.
55)
56)
Although uric acid is a normal waste product of nucleic acid metabolism, why are so many
men suffering from a condition known as gouty arthritis? How does this product that
should be eliminated in the urine cause so much pain when things go wrong?
56)
57)
Fluid–filled fibrous sacs lined with a synovial membrane and occurring where ligaments,
muscles, and tendons rub together are called ________.
57)
58)
The joint between the frontal and parietal bones is classified by material as a ________
joint.
58)
59)
After reading a medical report, you learn that a 45–year–old female has the following
symptoms: inflammation of synovial membranes, accumulation of synovial fluid, pain and
tenderness about the joints, pannus formation, and some immobility at certain joints. On
the basis of these symptoms, what would the patient probably have?
59)
60)
Synovial joints have five major features. What are they?
60)
Explanation:
Figure 8.1
Using Figure 8.1, match the following:
61)
Articular cartilage.
61)
Explanation:
62)
The hip joint, like the shoulder joint, is a ________ joint.
62)
Explanation:
Explanation:
Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, identify each type of synovial joint by name.
63)
Joint 6.
63)
64)
Joint 1.
64)
65)
Greg is somewhat of a “weekend athlete” who has overextended himself by pitching
baseball for a local team during the week and playing golf on the weekends for several
hours. He presented himself to the emergency room last week with severe shoulder pain
(at the glenohumeral joint). The physician told him that the X ray was not conclusive, but
he may have damage to his rotator cuff. What is the rotator cuff, and how might he have
caused this damage? What remedies will the physician recommend?
65)
Figure 8.1
Using Figure 8.1, match the following:
66)
Synovial membrane.
66)
Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, identify each type of synovial joint by name.
67)
Joint 2.
67)
Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, what type of axis does each joint have?
68)
Joint 4.
68)
69)
Using the functional classification, a freely movable joint would be called a ________ joint.
69)
70)
Many inflammations of joint areas can be treated by injections of cortisone into the area.
Why don’t we continually get injections rather than operations?
70)
71)
Often people who exercise prudently seem to have fewer bouts with osteoarthritis. Will
exercise prevent arthritis? If so, how?
71)
Figure 8.1
Using Figure 8.1, match the following:
72)
Fibrous capsule.
72)
TRUE/FALSE. Write ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if the statement is false.
73)
Flexion of the ankle so that the superior aspect of the foot approaches the shin is called dorsiflexion.
74)
The gripping of the trochlea by the trochlear notch constitutes the “hinge” for the elbow joint.
75)
Supination is the movement of the forearm in which the palm of the hand is turned from posterior
to anterior..
76)
The only movement allowed between the first two cervical vertebrae is flexion.
77)
A person who has been diagnosed with a sprained ankle has an injury to the ligaments that attach
to that joint.
78)
The structural classification of joints is based on the composition of the binding material and the
presence or absence of a joint cavity.
79)
The wrist joint can exhibit adduction and eversion movements.
80)
Moving a limb so that it describes a cone in space is called circumduction.
81)
Dislocations in the TMJ almost always dislocate posteriorly with the mandibular condyles ending
up in the infratemporal fossa.
82)
Hinge joints permit movement in only two planes.
83)
Pronation is a much stronger movement than supination.
84)
Movement at the hip joint does not have as wide a range of motion as at the shoulder joint.
85)
The amount of movement permitted by a particular joint is the basis for the functional classification
of joints.
86)
The articular surfaces of synovial joints play a minimal role in joint stability.
87)
A ball–and–socket joint is a multiaxial joint.
88)
Symphyses are synarthrotic joints designed for strength with flexibility.
89)
Synovial fluid contains phagocytic cells that protect the cavity from invasion by microbes or other
debris.
90)
All joints permit some degree of movement, even if very slight.
91)
The major role of ligaments at synovial joints is to help direct movement and restrict undesirable
movement.
92)
A person who has been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis would be suffering loss of the synovial
fluids.
93)
Synovial fluid is a viscous material that is derived by filtration from blood.
94)
Bending of the tip of the finger exhibits flexion.
MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.
Match the following:
95)
Tooth in socket
96)
Joint found only in the skull
97)
Bones united by hyaline cartilage
98)
Bones united by fibrocartilage
A)
Suture
D)
Gomphosis
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
99)
Steven, a football player, complained of severe pain and the inability to use his right arm and shoulder after
having been tackled during a game. What would you guess might be his problem?
100)
Farhad begins typing his term paper on his new computer early one morning. After 8 hours of typing, he
notices that his wrists are stiff and very sore. The next morning, Farhad begins to finish his paper, but soon finds
his wrists hurt worse than last night. What is wrong?
101)
Susan was bitten by a deer tick and now complains of joint pain, flu–like symptoms, and difficulty thinking.
What might be her diagnosis and the treatment required to alleviate her symptoms?
102)
A nurse is instructing the patient care assistants (PCAs) on transfer techniques. For patients needing to be slid
toward the head of the bed, the nurse tells the PCAs use a draw sheet under the patient’s torso. She tells them to
avoid pulling on their hands or arms. Based on your knowledge of the shoulder joint, explain why pulling on
the extremities should be avoided.
103)
Mary has been suffering from a “bad knee” for several months. She is a tennis player who often slides in to
attack a ball; she is an aerobic devotee and a jogger. She visited an orthopedic surgeon last week who told her
that he would “like to have a look at her knee joint.” He also told her that her symptoms indicated damage to the
meniscus, and it might have to be removed. What will the doctor do to see the joint, and if the meniscus is
removed will Mary be able to play tennis again?
104)
Maggie is a 28–year–old Caucasian woman who has newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis. She complains of
painful, stiff hands and feet, feeling tired all the time, and reports an intermittent low–grade fever. She asks the
nurse if she is going to be “crippled.” How might the nurse explain the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis?
105)
Probenecid inhibits the active resorption of uric acid in the kidney, which leads to increased urinary excretion of
uric acid. Explain why this drug would be useful in treating gout.
Answer Key
Testname: C8
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Answer Key
Testname: C8
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Answer Key
Testname: C8
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