Chapter 7—Managing Your Weight
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. An estimated ____ people around the world are overweight or obese.
a.
500 million
b.
700 million
c.
1.1 billion
d.
2.3 billion
2. An individual is considered overweight if their body mass index is above:
a.
15
b.
20
c.
25
d.
30
3. A BMI (body mass index) of 30 or more indicates that a person is considered to be:
a.
underweight
b.
of average weight for his/her height
c.
borderline overweight
d.
obese
4. Which factor contributes most to being overweight or obese?
a.
water contamination
b.
social networks
c.
marital dissatisfaction
d.
drug use
5. It is estimated that 30 percent of new cases of obesity are a direct result of:
a.
passive entertainment
b.
emotional influences
c.
physical inactivity
d.
more calories in food
6. You are more likely to be overweight if you:
a.
are at a lower income level.
b.
walk to school.
c.
live in a neighborhood with more supermarkets.
d.
have limited access to fast-food restaurants.
7. Which of the following statements is true?
a.
Culture shapes views of beauty and health.
b.
Historically, a thin body has always been viewed as beautiful.
c.
Women who read fashion magazines are more accepting of their bodies.
d.
Men are not influenced by media images.
8. College women tend to ____ their weight.
a.
accept
b.
underestimate
c.
lie about
d.
overestimate
9. The term basal metabolic rate refers to the ____.
a.
ideal body mass index at any given weight
b.
metabolism required of a moderately active adult
c.
calories needed to sustain your body at rest
d.
appetite of an average male or female
10. A life-threatening condition in which one’s body mass index is above 40 is known as:
a.
obesogenic overload
b.
obesogenic alert
c.
chronic obesity
d.
severe obesity
11. The average college student gains ____ pounds during their freshmen year.
a.
7 pounds
b.
9 pounds
c.
11 pounds
d.
15 pounds
12. Weight gain in college men is linked most to:
a.
increased workload
b.
alcohol consumption
c.
decreased physical activity
d.
eating late at night
13. Weight gain in college women is linked to
a.
increased workload
b.
alcohol consumption
c.
decreased physical activity
d.
eating late at night
14. What percentage of college students use prescription stimulants to lose weight?
a.
7.5%
b.
9.2%
c.
11.7%
d.
13.6%
15. People with a BMI over 35 are ____ times more likely to develop diabetes.
a.
10
b.
15
c.
20
d.
25
16. An overweight person should lose ____ of excess body weight to lower the risk of heart disease and
stroke.
a.
0-4%
b.
5–15%
c.
20-25%
d.
30% or more
17. The physiological drive to consume food is known as:
a.
caloric need
b.
hunger
c.
appetite
d.
satiety
18. The psychological desire to eat is known as:
a.
hunger
b.
satiety
c.
appetite
d.
intolerance
19. The hormone that sends a signal to the brain that affects appetite is known as:
a.
leptin
b.
pepcid
c.
cysteine
d.
selenium
20. The feeling of fullness indicates:
a.
hunger
b.
appetite
c.
satiety
d.
set-point
21. High-protein diets:
a.
have been shown to reduce kidney disease
b.
are the easiest type of diet to follow
c.
can cause nausea, fatigue, and light-headedness
d.
focus on increasing daily fiber intake
22. What advice is most recommended when designing a healthy diet?
a.
Drink water instead of soft drinks.
b.
Eliminate carbohydrates.
c.
Replace other fats with trans-fats.
d.
Consume meal-replacement shakes.
23. Ephedra:
a.
has no known side effects
b.
has been prohibited for sale by the FDA
c.
is the active ingredient in Alli
d.
is a depressant that decreases appetite
24. What percentage of American adults use weight loss supplements?
a.
5%
b.
10%
c.
15%
d.
20%
25. Who is most likely to use weight loss supplements?
a.
Teenage girls aged 13-17
b.
Teenage boys aged 13-17
c.
Women aged 18-35
d.
Men aged 18-35
26. What procedure helps obese patients lose weight by stapling the stomach and allowing less food to
pass through?
a.
banding
b.
gastric bypass
c.
thermogenesis
d.
fat blocking
27. An individual cannot stop putting food into her mouth, and continues to eat when full. She is most
likely:
a.
malnourished
b.
a compulsive overeater
c.
is anorexic
d.
is morbidly obese
28. A support group for those who eat compulsively is called:
a.
Weight Watchers
b.
Overeaters Anonymous
c.
Snack Enders
d.
Fat Finders
29. A person who compulsively overeats will likely:
a.
savor meals
b.
avoid talking about food
c.
have a history of failed diets
d.
eat slowly
30. What activity best describes binge eating?
a.
rapidly consuming large quantities of food in a short time
b.
picking at food and selecting only items to eat
c.
purging after consuming large amounts of food
d.
strict adhering to minute quantities of food
31. Which description is most characteristic of an individual who binge eats?
a.
They eat more slowly than usual.
b.
They eat alone because of embarrassment.
c.
They have a strict schedule for mealtimes.
d.
They eat small amounts of food frequently.
32. Which factor increases the risk of developing an eating disorder?
a.
lower than average grades
b.
age 18 or older
c.
narcissistic personality
d.
perfectionistic traits
33. The word “anorexia” means:
a.
bone thin
b.
food enemy
c.
loss of appetite
d.
body image
34. Which of the following is a characteristic of anorexia nervosa?
a.
self-induced vomiting
b.
intense fear of gaining weight
c.
severe menstrual cramps
d.
regular use of laxatives
35. The peak age range of onset for anorexia nervosa is:
a.
12–13 years
b.
14–18 years
c.
19–21 years
d.
22–30 years
36. Cases of anorexia nervosa are increasing among which group?
a.
the elderly
b.
new mothers
c.
Caucasians
d.
males
37. What characteristic is sometimes seen in someone suffering from the restricting type of anorexia?
a.
consuming only protein
b.
drinking more water
c.
smoking cigarettes
d.
avoiding alcohol
38. Which brain chemical is most associated with the development of anorexia nervosa?
a.
endorphin
b.
serotonin
c.
melatonin
d.
acetylcholine
39. What percentage of people with eating disorders are male?
a.
Less than 1%
b.
About 3%
c.
Between 5% and 10%
d.
Approximately 13%
40. What is a common medical complication related to weight loss from anorexia?
a.
manic states
b.
rapid heartbeat
c.
diarrhea
d.
amenorrhea
41. Attentive eaters are more likely to:
a.
increase the amount they eat by 10%
b.
increase the amount they eat at a later meal by 25%
c.
reduce the amount they eat at a later meal by 10%
d.
reduce the amount they eat by 25%
42. Which of the following is a typical symptom of bulimia?
a.
repeated binge eating
b.
feeling angry during meals
c.
avoiding laxatives
d.
fasting to prevent weight gain
43. What percentage of women develop bulimia?
a.
Less than 1%
b.
1-3%
c.
4-6%
d.
7-9%
44. Which of the following is most likely to play a role in the development of bulimia?
a.
being underweight as a child
b.
family conflicts
c.
antisocial personality disorder
d.
overproduction of cortisol
45. Which medical condition is most associated with bulimia?
a.
heavy menstrual cycles
b.
erosion of dental enamel
c.
kidney disease
d.
panic attacks
COMPLETION
1. Consider the global epidemic of obesity. Exposure to a(n) __________________ lifestyle seems to
bring out susceptibility to excess weight.
2. Type ____________________ diabetes has been linked to obesity.
3. People who regularly eat at ____________ restaurants gain more weight.
4. When the number of calories conserved is greater than the number of calories used, individuals will
experience weight ____________________.
5. The number of calories needed to sustain one’s body at rest is known as the ____________________.
6. ____________________ obesity is defined by a BMI between 35.0 and 39.9.
7. ____________________ students are especially at risk for unhealthy eating behaviors.
8. Earning less and being less likely to marry are examples of the _______________ consequences of
obesity.
9. The hormone ____________________ sends signals to the brain that affect appetite.
10. It takes ____________________ minutes for the brain to register fullness.
11. ____________________ is a powerful herb used in diet pills that is prohibited for sale in the United
States.
12. Repeated cycles of rapid weight loss and gain is called ____________________ dieting.
13. Obesity should be viewed as a(n) ______________________ condition that requires ongoing
management.
14. ____________________ happens when people use food as a way to cope with anger, stress,
frustration, boredom or fatigue.
15. An important step in controlling emotional eating is to know the ____________________ that cause
you to do this.
16. ____________________ is an FDA-approved weight loss drug that blocks fat absorption by the gut.
17. ____________________ is a type of surgery where surgeons slip an inflatable silicon band around the
stomach.
18. ____________________ is a type of surgery that involves creating an egg-sized pouch with staples
and rerouting food around part of the upper intestine.
19. Continuing to eat even when you are no longer hungry is a sign of ____________________.
20. A behavioral technique known as ____________________ can help binge eaters control their
compulsive eating pattern.
MATCHING
Match the items below with the most appropriate description.
a.
gastric bypass
f.
binge eating
b.
NEAT
g.
banding
c.
satiety
h.
hunger
d.
bulimia
i.
BMI
e.
anorexia
j.
appetite
1. feeling of fullness
2. binging followed by forced vomiting
3. ratio between height and weight
4. stomach is made into smaller pouch and food is rerouted
5. loss of appetite
6. eating a lot of food in a short period of time
7. fidgeting or pacing
8. psychological desire to eat food
9. physiological desire to eat food
10. inflatable band around stomach to tighten or loosen
ESSAY
1. Define obesity and identify five reasons Americans are becoming more obese today.
2. Describe the difference between hunger and appetite. List two hormones that influence hunger and
appetite.
3. List five strategies for achieving and maintaining a healthy weight when designing a diet.
4. Discuss the surgical and nonsurgical techniques that are available for the morbidly obese patients who
want or need to lose a large amount of weight.
5. Describe the symptoms and health risks associated with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.