Hall: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 12th Edition
Chapter 72: Energetics and Metabolic Rate
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1. Which of the following factors is most likely to cause the metabolic rate to decrease?
A. Fever
B. Growth hormone
C. Male sex hormones
D. Malnutrition
E. Sympathetic stimulation
2. Which of the following provides the most accurate estimate of basal metabolic rate?
A. Blood volume
B. Heart rate
C. Oxygen consumption
D. Percentage body fat
E. Q10 effect
3. Which of the following best describes the effects of fever, sleep, malnutrition,
testosterone, and growth hormone on the basal metabolic rate?
Fever Sleep Malnutrition Testosterone Growth hormone
A. Decrease Decrease Increase Increase Increase
B. Decrease Increase Decrease Increase Decrease
C. Decrease Increase Decrease Increase Increase
D. Decrease Increase Increase Decrease Increase
E. Increase Decrease Decrease Decrease Increase
F. Increase Decrease Decrease Increase Increase
G. Increase Decrease Increase Decrease Decrease
H. Increase Increase Increase Decrease Increase
4. Which of the following best describes the group of individuals with the highest basal
metabolic rate?
A. Old females
B. Old males
C. Young females
D. Young males
5. Which of the following correctly ranks the daily expenditure of energy in the average
person (1 = sleeping metabolic rate; 2 = basal metabolic rate; 3 = thermic effect of food)?
A. 1 = 2 > 3
B. 1 > 2 > 3
C. 2 > 1 > 3
D. 2 > 3 > 1
E. 3 > 1 > 3
F. 3 > 2 > 1
6. Which of the following sources of energy is most likely to be used first during a
strenuous burst of activity in a typical skeletal muscle fiber?
A. Adenosine triphosphate
B. Anaerobic glycolysis
C. Oxidation of lactate
D. Phosphocreatine
7. Which of the following best describes the source of ATP in skeletal muscle during
prolonged anaerobic work?
A. Beta-oxidation of fats
B. Glycolysis
C. Muscle ATP stores
D. Phosphocreatine
8. Skeletal muscle accounts for which of the following percentages of the basal metabolic
rate during resting conditions in the average adult (in %)?
A. 10-20
B. 20-30
C. 30-40
D. 40-50
E. 50-60
9. The amount of ATP in skeletal muscle is sufficient to maintain a maximum contraction
for which of the following periods of time (in seconds)?
A. 1-5
B. 5-10
C. 10-20
D. 20-40
E. 40-60
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10. The amount of phosphocreatine in skeletal muscle is sufficient to maintain a maximum
contraction for which of the following periods of time (in seconds)?
A. 1-5
B. 5-10
C. 10-20
D. 20-40
E. 40-60
11. A 27-year-old man working on the Alaskan pipeline in winter produces heat by a non-
shivering thermogenesis mechanism activated by cold stress. Which of the following best
describes the mediator of non-shivering thermogenesis?
A. Cortisol
B. Parasympathetic nervous system
C. Substance P
D. Sympathetic nervous system
E. Thyroxin
12. Which of the following best describes the mechanism by which sympathetic stimulation
can help to limit weight gain in adult persons who are obese?
A. Decreased plasma leptin
B. Increased blood flow
C. Metabolism of brown fat
D. Non-shivering thermogenesis
E. Shivering thermogenesis
13. Ingestion of which of the following 12 ounce portions of food is likely to increase
metabolic rate to the greatest extent in the average adult?
A. Cooked carrots
B. Cooked pasta
C. Cooked potatoes
D. Rare beef filet
E. Raw celery
14. The calorie (which is one kilocalorie) is defined as the amount of heat required to raise
which of the following volumes of water by 1 C (in mL)?
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A. 1
B. 10
C. 100
D. 1,000
E. 10,000